The Stacks (Library of Anglo-American Culture & History - FID AAC, Göttingen State and University Library)
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Indigenous Australia in the Anthropocene
No full textAs scientific organisations work to decolonise their respective fields, Indigenous languages, ontologies, and epistemologies are being recognised for their important contributions
to the canon of human knowledge as well as the practice of scientific research. One of the initial steps taken by scientific organisations is to recognise Indigenous languages with special reference to nomenclature. The astronomical community is leading this effort by establishing protocols and guidelines for the naming of celestial objects and phenomena, and formally adopting Indigenous names for stars, planetary features, and asteroids, as well as re-naming astronomical and space facilities, such as observatories. This paper focuses on designing protocols and guidelines for naming terrestrial meteorite craters
Pamphlets, Controversy, and the Uses of Epistolarity in Restoration England
No full textThis essay discusses the use of epistolarity in a pamphlet controversy that played out over a published sermon by the Bishop of Exeter and a critical response by Benjamin Hoadly. While the political, religious, and social aspects of the resulting pamphlet war are substantial, the present article discusses how the form of the letter was employed by the various authors who contributed to this controversy. It argues that the writers drew on readerly expectations about letters that reveal much about the role played by epistolarity within literary culture in Restoration England, in particular, how letters negotiated a contested space between factuality and fictionality that was shaped also by contemporary notions of novelistic writing.Fritz Thyssen Stiftung
http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/50110000339
Future‐Time Reference in World Englishes
No full textThis paper presents the first large‐scale multivariate analysis of future‐time reference (FTR) variation in world Englishes. On the basis of 7,922 hand‐coded tokens from eight corpora of the International Corpus of English suite, the study probes the effect of eight predictor variables on the choice between will and BE going to (BGT) as FTR markers. Statistically significant effects for all conditioning variables except polarity are found, as well as two significant interaction terms involving modality. By contrast, the predictor variety enters the model only as a main effect, but is not involved in any interactions. This is interpreted as a sign of strong unity in the system of FTR variation in English world‐wide. At the theoretical level, the paper argues for a stronger focus on such tendencies towards unity among global varieties of English
Print Letters in Restoration Astronomical Writing
No full textAstronomy, a paradigmatic observational discipline of early modern ‘science’, relied on epistolary communication for coordinating practitioners across the world, publishing discoveries and theories, and seeking their confirmation from other virtuosi. Epistolary form ‘travelled’ from an individual exchange between scholars, via the print publication of such letters for the benefit of a wider readership, to the framing of bespoke isagogic textbooks. This article explores the affordances of Restoration printed astronomical letters, contrasting their performance of familiarity between sender and recipient with the public nature of the communication. By reference to letters published in the Philosophical Transactions, individual print letters, and letter‐books, including Christiaan Huygens's Cosmotheoros, the article shows how each type utilizes the familiar and the formal aspects of the letter form differently. The print letter emerges as a form uniquely suited for performing individual authority and fashioning an expert community, as well as communicating expert knowledge to non‐specialists.Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft
http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/50110000165
Transient and Long‐Term Linguistic Influences on Visual Perception: Shifting Brain Dynamics With Memory Consolidation
No full textLinguistic categories can impact visual perception. For instance, learning that two objects have different names can enhance their discriminability. Previous studies have identified a typical pattern of categorical perception, characterized by faster discrimination of stimuli from different categories, a neural mismatch response during early visual processing (100–200 ms), and effects restricted to the right visual field. However, it remains unclear whether language affects perception online or through long‐term changes to mental representations in memory. To address this, we tested the impact of newly learned object categories with and without memory consolidation during sleep. We replicated the canonical pattern of categorical perception for categories that underwent consolidation. Without consolidation, linguistic categories still influenced early visual processing but with distinct neural dynamics. Therefore, we found evidence of both transient and long‐term effects of language on perception and conclude that memory consolidation plays a crucial role in shaping how linguistic categories modulate perception.A one‐page Accessible Summary of this article in nontechnical language is freely available in the Supporting Information online and at https://oasis‐database.org.Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/50110000165
Mythmaking im Videospiel 'Ōkami'
No full textDer vorliegende Aufsatz gibt einen Einblick in den Umgang japanischer Populärmedien mit Motiven der Mythologie des Landes, welcher sich oft durch große kreative Freiheit auszeichnet. Im Videospiel Ōkami beispielsweise werden religiöse und völkische Traditionen der japanischen Hauptinseln und der Ainu zu einer neuen fantastischen Welt vermischt. Im Folgenden sollen einige Strategien der Umsetzung religiöser und mythologischer Inhalte aufgezeigt sowie auf Implikationen von und mögliche Einflüsse auf gegenwärtige Interpretationen der Mythen eingegangen werden. Dieses Thema wird zum Zeitpunkt der Abfassung im DFG-Projekt De/Sakralisierung von Texten der Universität Tübingen bearbeitet.This essay aims to give an insight into how Japanese popular media incorporates motifs from the country’s mythology. In general, this utilization is characterized by creative freedom, as seen in the video game Ōkami combining religious and folk traditions from mainland Japan and the Ainu people into a new fantastical world. The goal is to illuminate some strategies used in adapting mythological content as well as possible implications of and influences on current interpretations of these myths. As of writing, this topic is being researched as part of the DFG-funded project De/Sakralisierung von Texten at the University of Tübingen
