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Mandragora – Pflanzen als Künstler. Eine Naturgeschichte des Bilder-Machens in der Frühen Neuzeit [XML-Version]
No full textDie Monographie "Mandragora – Pflanzen als Künstler. Eine Naturgeschichte des Bilder-Machens in der Frühen Neuzeit" – erschienen als PDF-E-Book, HTML-Version und Print-on-Demand-Ausgabe – wird hier zusätzlich als angereichte XML-Version publiziert.
Zum Buch: Pflanzen produzieren Bilder, die Natur ist eine Künstlerin. Was sich wie ein Bekenntnis aktueller Öko-Art liest, beschäftigte bereits die Frühe Neuzeit intensiv: Gibt es doch in der Natur vielfach Formen, die an eine menschliche Gestalt erinnern – etwa die Mandragora oder Alraunwurzel. Erklärungen reichten von Aberglaube über Spekulationen zu göttlichen Botschaften in der Schöpfung bis hin zu wissenschaftlichen Theorien. Nachgedacht wurde zugleich über das Verhältnis von Natur- versus Kunstprodukten und über die Bedingungen genauen Beobachtens. Ein Höhepunkt dieser Diskussionen ist die Publikation einer anthropomorphen Rübe 1670 in der ersten naturwissenschaft-lichen Zeitschrift Deutschlands
Impact of Halide Substitution in the Inorganic Framework on the Optical Activity of Chiral Metal-Halide Perovskites
No full textThe combination of chiroptical and semiconducting properties makes chiral hybrid metal-halide perovskites a promising class of materials for optoelectronic and opto-spintronic devices. Still, the detailed connection between material composition and optical activity remains to be fully understood. Here, we study the effect of halogen substitution on optical activity in the chiral hybrid perovskite (R, S, rac)- 3BrMBA2PbI4(1-x)Br4x. We find that an unusual sign-flip occurs in the circular dichroism (CD) spectrum as the optical gap blueshifts with increasing bromide content. We explain this observation by shifts in the energy level alignment caused by the halide substitution. We also observed an inverse relationship between CD intensity and the microstrain induced in the lattice for mixed-halide compositions, which we attribute to inhomogeneity in chirality transfer across the inorganic framework. Last but not least, transient Faraday rotation measurements reveal that the (R/S)-3BrMBA₂PbBr₄ system exhibits a significant spin lifetime even at room temperature, underscoring its potential for spintronic applications
Antiquitatum Thesaurus Dataset 2024
No full textDer Datensatz enthält einen umfassenden Auszug aus dem Antiquitatum-Thesaurus-Triplestore. Bei den Triples handelt es sich um Daten zu 15.000 digitalen Objekten, die frühneuzeitliche visuelle Quellen repräsentieren, d.h. Drucke und Zeichnungen, die darin abgebildeten antiken und nicht-antiken Objekte sowie die Beziehungen zwischen all diesen Objekten. Der Datensatz ist der erste seiner Art und umfasst die ersten vier Jahre der Arbeit des Projekts (2021–2024). Regelmäßige jährliche Aktualisierungen werden folgen.
The dataset contains a comprehensive dump of the Antiquitatum Thesaurus triplestore. The triples are data on 15.000 digital objects representing early-modern visual sources, i.e. prints and drawings, the antique and non-antique objects depicted in them as well as the relations between all these objects.
The dataset is the first of its kind, summing up the first four years of the projetc's work (2021–2024). Regular yearly updates will follow.</p
[Ergänzungsdaten zu: Der bandkeramische Fundplatz Arnoldsweiler-Ellebach (Rheinische Ausgrabungen, Bd. 85)]
No full textIm Rahmen zweier Dissertationen wurden die Teilbereiche des linearbandkeramischen Fundplatzes Arnoldsweiler-Ellebach im Rheinland umfassend untersucht. Im Zentrum standen die Analyse der Siedlung mit Brunnen und Wasserentnahmestellen, der Grabenanlage sowie des Gräberfeldes mit Knochenerhaltung. Auch die Funde (Keramik, Silex- und Felsgesteinartefakte) waren Gegenstand der Arbeiten. Eines der Ziele war es, die Befunde und Funde systematisch vorzulegen und auszuwerten. Auf diese Weise sollte sich Themen wie bspw. der Siedlungsentwicklung, der Wasserversorgung oder der Zusammensetzung einer bestattenden Gemeinschaft genähert werden. Die mit diesem digitalen Anhang bereitgestellten Dateien stellen die erfassten Daten (in mit vergleichbaren Arbeiten kompatiblen Formblättern), Datentabellen zu durchgeführten Analysen sowie Auswertungstabellen dar
ED-XRF measurements of roman scales from Mušov-Burgstall workshop area
No full textResults of surface XRF (X-Ray fluorescence) spectroscopy elemental composition analysis of roman scales from Mušov-Burgstall site - workshop area
Simultaneous Measurement of Kidney Function by Dynamic Contrast Enhanced MRI and FITC-Sinistrin Clearance in Rats at 3 Tesla: Initial Results [data]
No full textGlomerular filtration rate (GFR) is an essential parameter of kidney function which can be measured by dynamic contrast enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI-GFR) and transcutaneous approaches based on fluorescent tracer molecules (optical-GFR). In an initial study comparing both techniques in separate measurements on the same animal, the correlation of the obtained GFR was poor. The goal of this study was to investigate if a simultaneous measurement was feasible and if thereby, the discrepancies in MRI-GFR and optical-GFR could be reduced. For the experiments healthy and unilateral nephrectomised (UNX) Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were used. The miniaturized fluorescent sensor was fixed on the depilated back of an anesthetized rat. A bolus of 5 mg/100 g b.w. of FITC-sinistrin was intravenously injected. For dynamic contrast enhanced perfusion imaging (DCE-MRI) a 3D time-resolved angiography with stochastic trajectories (TWIST) sequence was used. By means of a one compartment model the excretion half-life (t1/2) of FITC-sinistrin was calculated and converted into GFR. GFR from DCE-MRI was calculated by fitting pixel-wise a two compartment renal filtration model. Mean cortical GFR and GFR by FITC-sinistrin were compared by Bland-Altman plots and pair-wise t-test. Results show that a simultaneous GFR measurement using both techniques is feasible. Mean optical-GFR was 4.34±2.22 ml/min (healthy SD rats) and 2.34±0.90 ml/min (UNX rats) whereas MRI-GFR was 2.10±0.64 ml/min (SD rats) and 1.17±0.38 ml/min (UNX rats). Differences between healthy and UNX rats were significant (p<0.05) and almost equal percentage difference (46.1% and 44.3%) in mean GFR were assessed with both techniques. Overall mean optical-GFR values were approximately twice as high compared to MRI-GFR values. However, compared to a previous study, our results showed a higher agreement. In conclusion, the possibility to use the transcutaneous method in MRI may have a huge impact in improving and validating MRI methods for GFR assessment in animal models
Codices Palatini latini – Französische Handschriften
No full textHere you can find the descriptions of the French Palatine manuscripts as published in the manuscripts catalog "Die französischen Handschriften der Codices Palatini Latini in der Vatikanischen Bibliothek (Pal. lat. 1957–1973, 1983–1984, 1988–1992, 1995) ", beschrieben von Uli Steiger und Thorsten Huthwelker, Heidelberg 2025 (Kataloge der Universitätsbibliothek Heidelberg 14). The description for each manuscript was subsequently recorded as TEI-XML file by XML encoding in accordance with TEI-P5 using GND standard vocabulary. These TEI files follow an outdated TEI schema originally developed at the Herzog August Bibliothek Wolfenbüttel and contain some ad hoc solutions which were chosen pragmatically in Heidelberg and which do not always comply with the TEI Guidelines. A future migration of the dataset into a fully TEI-compliant format is considered as desirable
A listening advantage for native speech is reflected by attention-related activity in auditory cortex [data]
No full textThe listening advantage for native speech is well known, but the neural basis of the effect remains unknown. We tested the hypothesis that attentional enhancement in auditory cortex is stronger for native speech using magnetoencephalography. Chinese and German speech stimuli were spoken by a bilingual speaker and combined into a two-stream, cocktail-party scene, with consistent and inconsistent language combinations. A group of native speakers of Chinese and a group of native speakers of German performed a detection task in the cued target stream. Results showed that attention enhanced negative-going activity in the temporal response function deconvoluted from the speech envelope. This activity was stronger when the target was in native compared to non-native language, and for inconsistent compared to consistent language stimuli. We discuss that the stronger activity for native speech could be related to better top-down prediction of the native speech stream
Chronic conditions and multimorbidity among middle-aged and elderly peri-urban dwellers in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania [research code]
No full textObjectives: Chronic conditions and multimorbidity affect care needs and prevention opportunities.
Methods: We studied 2,246 men and women aged ≥40 years within the Dar es Salaam Urban Cohort Study from June 2017 to July 2018. Seventeen chronic conditions were assessed based on self-report, body and blood pressure measurement, blood tests, and screening instruments.
Results: Hypertension (51.3%), anemia (34.1%), obesity (32.2%), diabetes (31.6%), depressive symptoms (31.5%), low grip strength (21.2%), and ischemic heart disease (11.9%) were widespread. Multimorbidity was common (73.7%). Women had higher odds of obesity, ischemic heart disease, and high cholesterol (adjusted OR: 2.08–4.16) and lower odds of underweight, low grip strength, alcohol problems, and smoking (adjusted OR: 0.04–0.45). Ten years of age were associated with higher odds of low grip strength, cognitive problems, hypertension, kidney disease, chronic cough, diabetes, high cholesterol, ischemic heart disease, and multimorbidity (adjusted OR: 1.21–1.81) and lower odds of HIV infection (adjusted OR: 0.51).
Conclusion: We found a higher prevalence of multimorbidity than previously estimated for middle-aged and elderly people in sub-Saharan Africa. The chronic conditions underlying multimorbidity differed by sex
Bistable Dual-Responsive Azobenzene-co-PNIPAM Soft Microactuators via Two-Photon Direct Laser Writing (data)
No full textHere, bistable soft microactuators with arbitrary 3D shapes fabricated by two-photon polymerization at micrometer precision are demonstrated. The bistability is given by material composition, based on poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (pNIPAM) and a light-responsive azobenzene compound. The incorporation of a photoswitchable azobenzene compound into pNIPAM enables the modification of its lower critical solution temperature (LCST) through the (E)–(Z)-isomerization. Shrinking and swelling, is controlled by photoswitching, allowing for the actuation of Azo_pNIPAM microactuators at a constant temperature regime. This data set presents microscopy images, confocal z-stacks and force indentation curves for the characterization of thermo- and lightresponse