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NATCOOP dataset
No full textThe NATCOOP project set out to study how nature shapes the preferences and incentives of economic agents and how this in turn affects common-pool resource management. Imagine a group of fishermen targeting a species that requires a lot of teamwork to harvest. Do these fishers become more social over time compared to fishers that work in a more solitary manner? If so, does this have implications for how the fishery should be managed?
To study this, the NATCOOP team travelled to Chile and Tanzania and collected data using surveys and economic experiments. These two very different countries have a large population of small-scale fishermen, and both host several distinct types of fisheries. Over the course of five field trips, the project team surveyed more than 2500 fishermen with each field trip contributing to the main research question by measuring fishermen’s preferences for cooperation and risk. Additionally, each fieldtrip aimed to answer another smaller research question that was either focused on risk taking or cooperation behavior in the fisheries.
The data from both surveys and experiments are now publicly available and can be freely studied by other researchers, resource managers, or interested citizens. Overall, the NATCOOP dataset contains participants’ responses to a plethora of survey questions and their actions during incentivized economic experiments. It is available in both the .dta and .csv format, and its use is recommended with statistical software such as R or Stata. For those unaccustomed with statistical analysis, we included a video tutorial on how to use the data set in the open-source program R
Neither Carrots nor Sticks? Challenges surrounding Data Sharing from the Perspective of Research Funding Agencies – A Qualitative Expert Interview Study [Interview Excerpts]
No full textThis dataset contains summaries from interviews with data sharing experts from internationa funding agencies on their organisation's data sharing policy.
Data Sharing is widely recognised as crucial for accelerating scientific research and improving its quality. However, data sharing is still not a common practice. Funding agencies tend to facilitate the sharing of research data by both providing incentives and requiring data sharing as part of their policies and conditions for awarding grants. The goal of our article is to answer the following question: What challenges do international funding agencies see when it comes to their own efforts to foster and implement data sharing through their policies?
We conducted a series of sixteen guideline-based expert interviews with representatives of leading international funding agencies. As contact persons for open science at their respective agencies, they offered their perspectives and experiences concerning their organisations’ data sharing policies. We performed a qualitative content analysis of the interviews and categorised the challenges perceived by funding agencies
Late-Stage Functionalisation of Peptides on the Solid Phase by an Iodination-Substitution Approach [Research Data]
No full textThe functionalisation of peptides at a late synthesis stage holds great potential, for example, for the synthesis of peptide pharmaceuticals, fluorescent biosensors or peptidomimetics. Here we describe an on-resin iodination-substitution reaction sequence on homoserine that is also suitable for peptide modification in a combinatorial format. The reaction sequence is accessible to a wide range of sulfur nucleophiles with various functional groups including boronic acids, hydroxy groups or aromatic amines. In this way, methionine-like thioethers or thioesters and thiosulfonates are accessible. Next to sulfur nucleophiles, selenols, pyridines and carboxylic acids were successfully used as nucleophiles, whereas phenols did not react. The late-stage iodination-substitution approach is not only applicable to short peptides but also to the more complex 34-amino-acid WW domains. We applied this strategy to introduce 7-mercapto-4-methylcoumarin into a switchable ZnII responsive WW domain to design an iFRET-based ZnII sensor
The conditional contribution mechanism for repeated public goods - The general case [Data & Replication package]
No full textWe present a new and simple mechanism for repeated public good environments. In the Conditional Contribution Mechanism (CCM), agents send two messages of the form, “I am willing to contribute x units to the public good if in total y units are contributed.” This mechanism offers agents risk-free strategies, which we call unexploitable. Our main theorem states that all outcomes of the CCM will eventually be Pareto efficient if agents choose unexploitable better responses. We conduct a laboratory experiment to investigate whether observed behavior is consistent with this prediction. In the complete information case we find that indeed almost 80% of outcomes are Pareto optimal. Furthermore, in comparison to the Voluntary Contribution Mechanism, the CCM leads to significantly higher contribution rates. Even under incomplete information, contributions are fairly high and do not deteriorate over time, although surprisingly the VCM does equally well in this case. Theoretically, allowing agents to send two messages helps them ensure the status-quo and at the same time offer higher contribution levels. In a further treatment, where we allow agents to send only one message, we find that total contributions are consistently lower than the CCM in early periods but are similar in later periods
Bond dissociation energies of X−H bonds in proteins [data]
No full textKnowledge of reliable X−H bond dissociation energies (X = C, N, O, S) for amino acids in proteins
is key for studying the radical chemistry of proteins. X−H bond dissociation energies of model
dipeptides were computed using the isodesmic reaction method at the BMK/6-31+G(2df,p) and
G4(MP2)-6X levels of theory. The density functional theory values agree well with the composite-
level calculations. By this high level of theory, combined with a careful choice of reference compounds
and peptide model systems, our work provides a highly valuable data set of bond dissociation energies
with unprecedented accuracy and comprehensiveness. It will likely prove useful to predict protein
biochemistry involving radicals, e.g., by machine learning
Semantische Datenmodellierung für Bauwerke und ihre Ausstattung BAFO (Herder-Institut Marburg)
No full textDie Semantische Datenmodellierung für Bauwerke und Ausstattungsobjekte war einer der Schwerpunkte des von der Deutschen Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) geförderten Projektes "Semantics4Art&Architecture - Aufbau einer nachhaltigen Forschungsinfrastruktur für die ontologiebasierte Dokumentation und Erschließung von Kunst und Architektur" (2018-2021).
Im Rahmen des Projektes wurden u.a. Anwendungsontologie Building and Furnishing Ontology (BAFO) und das Bauwerke und ihre Ausstattung BAFO Mustertemplate im WissKI-Pathbuilder entwickelt. Sie besteht aus Klassen und Eigenschaften, die für die Erfassung von Bauobjekten und damit verbundenen Ausstattungsstücken im Sinne eines Objektverzeichnisses notwendig sind.
Über den folgenden Weblink kann die aktuelle Version (current Version) aufgerufen und unter Berücksichtigung der Lizenz CC-BY-SA 4.0 (Rechteinhaber: Herder-Institut für historische Ostmitteleuropaforschung in Marburg) nachgenutzt werden: http://lod.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/ontologies/bafo/
Ergänzungen von Klassen und Eigenschaften durch das Herder-Institut sind möglich. Beachten Sie dazu die Angaben zur Versionshistorie (prior version) in der OWL-Datei. Da in der Anwendungsontologie nur additive Änderungen erfolgen, ist eine Rückwärtskompatibilität garantiert.
Unter dem Einsatz Anwendungsontologie BAFO wurde Mustertemplate im WissKI-Pathbuilder respektive Datenmodell entwickelt, welches eine detaillierte wissenschaftliche Erschließung bietet. Das Datenmodell des Muster-Templates kann weiterentwickelt werden, um es besser an weitere Fragestellungen anderer Projekte zur Architektur- und Kunstforschung anzupassen.
Datenmodel wurde in eine Instanz von Wissenschaftlichen Kommunikationsinfrastruktur (WissKI) implementiert. Diese Demo-Instanz zeigt eine beispielhafte Erfassung, variierend in der Erschließungstiefe je nach Quellen bzw. Informationslage unter der Anwendung vorhandener Bildquellen (https://sempub.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/bafo_template/).
Das Dataset umfasst:
Anwendungsontologie Building and Furnishing Ontology BAFO (OWL)
Das Bauwerke-und-ihre-Ausstattung-BAFO-Mustertemplate_im_WissKI-Pathbuilder (XML)
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Application of concentration and 2-dimensional stable isotope measurements of methane to constrain sources and sinks in a seasonally stratified freshwater lake [data]
No full textMethane (CH4) emissions from aquatic systems have recently been comprised to account for up to 50 % of global CH4 emissions, with lakes representing one of the largest CH4 source within this pool. However, there is large uncertainty associated with CH4 emissions from freshwater environments to the atmosphere, because of a lack of understanding in the spatial and temporal dynamics of CH4 sources and sinks, as well as underlying mechanisms and processes. In this study, we investigated the concentrations and stable carbon (δ13C-CH4) and hydrogen (δ2H-CH4) isotope composition of CH4 in a small eutrophic lake with seasonal stratification and its spatial and temporal variation. We found that while supersaturation of CH4 in the entire water column was present throughout the whole year, the isotopic composition of CH4 in sediment and water column varied depending on lake stratification, physiochemical conditions, and lake depth. During the stratification period, isotopic characteristics of pelagic surface water CH4 differed from littoral and sedimentary CH4, suggesting likely mixing of CH4 from different sources including vertical and later input as well as groundwater input and potentially oxic methane production in the mixed surface water layer. Aerobic CH4 oxidation indicated by a strong increase in both ẟ13C-CH4 and ẟ2H-CH4 values at the bottom of the oxycline was found to significantly reduce upward migrating CH4 released at the sediment-water interface. In the sediment, stable isotope characteristics of CH4 showed an increasing dominance of the acetoclastic CH4 formation pathway from the pelagic towards the littoral area. Furthermore, the occurrence of sulfate-dependent anaerobic methane oxidation in the sediment was suggested by an increase in ẟ13C-CH4 and ẟ2H-CH4 values. During the mixing period, the isotopic CH4 composition of the water column was distinctively less negative than during the stratification period potentially resulting from a greater impact of groundwater CH4 input compared to the stratification period. Our findings implicate that the application of concentrations and dual isotope measurements of CH4 is a promising approach for constraining CH4 sinks and sources in lakes and to disentangle the complex CH4 dynamics in lakes both spatially and seasonally
Highly Selective Adsorption of Perfluorinated Greenhouse Gases by Porous Organic Cages [Data]
No full textAnthropogenic greenhouse gases contribute to global warming. Among those gases, perfluorocarbons (PFCs) are thousands to tens of thousands times more harmful to the environment than comparable amounts of carbon dioxide. Till date, materials that selectively adsorb perfluorocarbons in favor to other less harmful gases have not been reported. Here a series of porous organic cage compounds with alkyl-, fluoroalkyl, and partially fluorinated alkyl groups are presented. Their isomorphic crystalline states allowed us to study the property-relationship of the degree of fluorination of the alkyl chains on gas sorption properties for PFCs and their selective uptakes in comparison to other, non-fluorinated gases. By this approach, one compound was identified, having superior selectivities of PFCs vs N2 or CO2 under ambient conditions
Überlieferungsgemeinschaft in deutschsprachigen Handschriften: eine Netzwerkanalyse [Forschungsdaten]
No full textSie finden hier die Abbildungen und die Forschungsdaten zum Aufsatz "Überlieferungsgemeinschaft in deutschsprachigen Handschriften: eine Netzwerkanalyse", erschienen in ZfdA 151 (2022), Heft 2. Zur Orientierung lesen Sie die Readme-Datei. Der Aufsatz versucht, die Überlieferungsgemeinschaft von deutschsprachigen Texten in Handschriften des Mittelalters mit Instrumenten und Methoden der Netzwerkanalyse zu untersuchen und die Potentialitäten einer solchen Herangehensweise zu sondieren. Es wird dadurch sichtbar, wie sich Gattungen und Textsorten gruppieren und dass bestimmte Texte einen höheren Zentralitätsgrad aufweisen als andere. Die Methode könnte gewinnbringend auch für große Untergruppen wie Lieder, Minnereden oder ähnlich eingesetzt werden, vorausgesetzt die Daten werden gut strukturiert
Loneliness and diurnal cortisol levels during COVID-19 lockdown: the roles of living situation, relationship status and relationship quality [Research Data]
No full textThese data accompany the manuscript "Loneliness and diurnal cortisol levels during COVID-19 lockdown: the roles of living situation, relationship status and relationship quality".
Abstract: Loneliness and social isolation have become increasing concerns during COVID-19 lockdown through neuroendocrine stress-reactions, physical and mental health problems. We investigated living situation, relationship status and quality as potential moderators for trait and state loneliness and salivary cortisol levels (hormonal stress-responses) in healthy adults during the first lockdown in Germany. N = 1242 participants (mean age = 36.32, 78% female) filled out an online questionnaire on demographics, trait loneliness and relationship quality. Next, N = 247 (mean age = 32.6, 70% female) completed ecological momentary assessment (EMA), collecting twelve saliva samples on two days and simultaneously reporting their momentary loneliness levels. Divorced/widowed showed highest trait loneliness, followed by singles and partnerships. The latter displayed lower momentary loneliness and cortisol levels compared to singles. Relationship satisfaction significantly reduced loneliness levels in participants with a partner and those who were living apart from their partner reported loneliness levels similar to singles living alone. Living alone was associated with higher loneliness levels. Hierarchical linear models revealed a significant cross-level interaction between relationship status and momentary loneliness in predicting cortisol. The results imply that widowhood, being single, living alone and low relationship quality represent risk factors for loneliness and having a partner buffers neuroendocrine stress responses during lockdown