727 research outputs found
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Right thoughts, right words, right actions? The EU‘s application of the Cyber Diplomacy Toolbox [data]
No full textThis dataset is the first to address the application of the EU's cyber diplomacy toolbox (CDT) by EU institutions/actors since 2017 until the end of May 2023. Based on this, the related research paper highlights trends, patterns, and anomalies in previous usage that can be identified and analysed in the respective political context. The publication is complemented by insights from the European Repository of Cyber Incidents (EuRepoC) to evaluate the intended impact of the measures in a more detailed manner
Real-time definition of single seed placement sensitivity in low-dose-rate prostate brachytherapy [code and patient data]
No full textPURPOSE: In low-dose-rate brachytherapy iodine seeds are implanted based on a treatment plan, generated with respect to different dose constraints. The quality of the dose distribution depends on a precise seed placement, however, it is not clear which seed misplacements have a large impact.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: We developed a method using automatic differentiation to calculate gradients of dose parameters with regard to the seeds' positions. Thus, we understand their sensitivity with respect to the seed placement. A statistical analysis is performed on a data set with 35 prostate brachytherapy patients.
RESULTS: The most sensitive seeds regarding the dosimetric parameters of both rectum and urethra are close to the corresponding organ. Their gradient directions are mainly orthogonal to their surfaces. However, not all seeds close to the surface are equally sensitive with regard to the dose parameter. The most sensitive seeds regarding the prostate's dose parameters are distributed throughout the prostate and the direction of the gradients are mainly parallel to its surface. A linear regression with respect to different patient parameters shows that dose constraints which are barely fulfilled have large gradients and thus are additionally sensitive to misplacement.
CONCLUSION: Automatic differentiation can be used to analyze dose parameter sensitivity with respect to seed placement. Integrating this into treatment planning systems is valuable as it speeds up the planning procedure, making it more robust and less dependent on user experience while showing the operating physician which needle placements require greater accuracy than others
Das «Maltechnik-Notizbuch» von Hans Emmenegger – Eine digitale Edition
No full textDas «Maltechnik-Notizbuch» von Hans Emmenegger, das sich heute in der Sondersammlung der Zentral- und Hochschulbibliothek Luzern befindet, ist ein eine wichtige Quelle zur Technik der Malerei um 1900. In diesem Notizbuch dokumentierte Emmenegger in den Jahren 1901 bis 1905 akribisch seine Bildträger, Malmaterialien und Techniken, den Entstehungsprozess seiner Gemälde und drei technische Versuchsreihen. Der im XLM-Format nach den Richtlinien von heiEDITIONS transkribierte und edierte Text ist mit zusätzlichen Informationen zu den erwähnten Personen, Firmen, Orten, Malleinen, Grundierungen, Arbeitsschritten, Werkzeugen und Produkten angereichert und auch zu den Schäden, die sich manchmal schon früh in den Farbschichten von Emmeneggers Werken herausbildeten. Die erwähnten Gemälde sind mit dem von SIK-ISEA herausgegebenen Rechercheportal verlinkt, sofern sie dort erfasst sind
Covalent Adaptable Microstructures via Combining Two‐Photon Laser Printing and Alkoxyamine Chemistry: Toward Living 3D Microstructures [data]
No full textManufacturing programmable materials, whose mechanical properties can be adapted on demand, is highly desired for their application in areas ranging from robotics, to biomedicine, or microfluidics. Herein, the inclusion of dynamic and living bonds, such as alkoxyamines, in a printable formulation suitable for two-photon 3D laser printing is exploited. On one hand, taking advantage of the dynamic covalent character of alkoxyamines, the nitroxide exchange reaction is investigated. As a consequence, a reduction of the Young´s Modulus by 50%, is measured by nanoindentation. On the other hand, due to its “living” characteristic, the chain extension becomes possible via nitroxide mediated polymerization. In particular, living nitroxide mediated polymerization of styrene results not only in a dramatic increase of the volume (≈8 times) of the 3D printed microstructure but also an increase of the Young's Modulus by two orders of magnitude (from 14 MPa to 2.7 GPa), while maintaining the shape including fine structural details. Thus, the approach introduces a new dimension by enabling to create microstructures with dynamically tunable size and mechanical properties
Influence of Core Halogenation on the Electronic Structure of Naphthothiadiazole Derivatives [data]
No full textUnderlying data for figures in the paper "Influence of Core Halogenation on the Electronic Structure of Naphthothiadiazole Derivatives
Alignment and Actuation of Liquid Crystals via 3D Confinement and Two-Photon Laser Printing [data]
No full textLiquid crystalline (LC) materials are especially suited for the preparation of active 3D/4D microstructures using two-photon laser printing. To achieve the desired actuation, the alignment of the LCs has to be controlled during the printing process. In most cases studied to date, the alignment relied on surface modifications and therefore, complex alignment patterns and concomitant actuation were not possible. Here, we introduce a strategy for spatially aligning LC domains in three-dimensional space by utilizing 3D-printed polydimethylsiloxane-based microscaffolds as confinement barriers, which induce the desired director field. The director field resulting from the boundary conditions is calculated with Landau de Gennes theory and validated by comparing experimentally measured and theoretically predicted birefringence patterns. We demonstrate our procedures for structures of varying complexity and then employed to fabricate 4D microstructures that show the desired actuation. Overall, we obtain excellent agreement between theory and experiment. This opens the door for rational design of functional materials for 4D (micro)printing in the future
Diels-Alder Reactivity of Triisopropylsilyl Ethynyl Substituted Acenes [data]
No full textWe investigated the Diels-Alder reaction of 6,13-bis(triisopropylsilyl)pentacene (1) with small dienophiles such as (bridged) dihydronaphthalenes/cyclohexenes that yielded adducts at the central ring, the other dienophiles predominantly or exclusively attacked the unsubstituted off-center ring. The difference in regioselectivity was investigated by DFT calculations. Apart from dispersion interactions, it is due to the steric demand of the dienophiles, which need to fit in between the silylethynyl substituents to react at the central ring. Epoxynaphthalene adducts of 1 as well as its anthracene and tetracene congeners were deoxygenated, easily furnishing triarenobarrelenes with TIPS-ethynyl substituents at the bridge heads, attractive building blocks for porous solids and higher acene-based trimers
Spatial resolution of HIV-1 post-entry steps in resting CD4 T cells [data]
No full text#enter description, e.g. paper abstrac
Synthesis of Chiral Pyrene-Based 1,4-Dithiins [Data]
No full textThe 1,4-dithiin motif is known for its reversible redox properties to generate radical cations and diradical dications and thus is interesting for organic electronic applications. However, examples where this motif is embedded into chiral larger fused aromatic compounds is very rare. Here we describe the syntheses of several structurally related pyrene fused dithiins and their spectroscopic investigations with a focus on tuning circular dichroism in respect the g values depending on their connectivity
Six years of continuous CH4 mole fraction and δ13C-CH4 measurements in Heidelberg (Germany) [data]
No full textδ13C-CH4 and the mole fraction of CH4 have been measured continuously since April 2014 using a cavity ring-down spectroscopy (CRDS) analyser in Heidelberg, Germany. This 6-year time series shows an increasing trend of (6.8 ± 0.3)ppb a−1
for the CH4 mole fraction between 2014 and 2020. δ13C-CH4 decreases by (−0.028 ± 0.002)‰ a−1 over this time period.
In this study, seasonal variations and trends of CH4 emissions in the catchment area of Heidelberg are analysed using three approaches by applying the Keeling plot method to atmospheric measurements on different time scales. The mean δ13C
isotopic source signature for the Heidelberg catchment area is (−52.3 ± 0.3)‰ (moving Keeling plot approach). In all three approaches, there is no significant trend in the monthly mean source signature over the last six years. However, more depleted
source signature values occur in summer. This annual cycle in 13C-CH4 sources, with a peak-to-peak amplitude of −5.8‰, can only be partially explained by seasonal variations in CH4 emissions from heating. Additional seasonal variations needs to occur in biogenic CH4 emissions from waste water, landfills or dairy cows.
Furthermore, the source contributions derived from atmospheric measurements are used to evaluate the CH4 emissions reported by two emission inventories: the Emissions Database for Global Atmospheric Research (EDGARv6.0) and the inven-
tory of the State Institute for the Environment Baden-Württemberg (LUBW - Landesanstalt für Umwelt Baden-Württemberg).
The mean δ13C-CH4 source signature determined from the LUBW inventory agrees well with the result from atmospheric measurements. However, the signature determined from EDGARv6.0 data is less depleted by about 7‰. Thus, EDGARv6.0
seems to overestimate CH4 emissions from more enriched sources