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A risk-averse two-stage stochastic programming model for the biomass supply chain planning problem
No full textThis study addresses the problem of designing a sustainable biomass supply chain (BSC) network under uncertainty. The main challenge lies in determining how to optimally locate biomass processing facilities and manage the flow of materials, such as biomass, biogas, fertilizer, and water, while accounting for uncertain factors. A mixed-integer linear programming model is proposed. The model identifies optimal plant locations, determines the quantities of biomass to be delivered and processed for biogas production, and manages the distribution of outputs to agricultural fields. The objective is to minimize transportation and production costs across a two-echelon BSC network. A risk-neutral two-stage stochastic programming (SP) model is presented to incorporate uncertainties associated with electricity demand and transportation costs. In addition, conditional value-at-risk is used as a risk measure in the modeling and robust solutions are obtained by applying a risk-averse two-stage SP model. Sensitivity analysis is performed to support decision-making processes in BSC management. The proposed BSC models are tested in a sustainable BSC network involving two-echelon biomass supply and biorefinery sites in the municipal area of Izmir in T & uuml;rkiye. The empirical study on BSC models confirms that the risk parameters influence the objective function value. The experimental findings prove that BSC risk models provide optimal results with lower costs from a cost minimization perspective
False Memories in Depression and Anxiety Disorders: Cognitive Mechanisms and Experimental Findings
No full textSocial Skills and Emotion Recognition in Children With Elevated Cognitive Disengagement Syndrome Symptoms: A Comparative Study With Children Diagnosed With ADHD and Typically Developing Peers.
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Novel ruthenium(II)oxothiazolidine complexes: Design, synthesis, characterization, DNA binding and anticancer activity
No full textCancer remains one of the leading causes of death worldwide, making the search for effective anticancer agents a critical area of research. In recent years, ruthenium-based compounds have gained significant attention due to their potential as novel candidates for cancer treatment. This report aims to explore the synthesis and anticancer properties of the Ru(II)oxothiazolidine complexes. All complexes have been prepared from ligands containing hydrazinyl-oxothiazolidine moiety and [RuCl2(p-cymene)]2 substrate. The basic skeleton of the complexes is justified with 1H-, 13C-NMR, and FTIR spectroscopic methods. The proposed structures of the complexes were further confirmed with elemental analysis. The crystal structure of the complex 2a has been determined by using single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Asymmetric unit of structure contains two crystallographically independent molecules, dichloromethane and two chloride anions. All complexes exhibited strong activity against MCF-7 (breast cancer) and HCT-116 (colon cancer) cancer cell lines better than standard anticancer drug cisplatin. The complex 2a showed the highest anticancer efficacy against MCF-7 (IC50: 13.89 mu M) and HCT-116 (IC50: 14.02 mu M). DNA binding study also demonstrates that all complexes have an interaction ability to DNA. Ethidium bromide fluorescence quenching assay revealed moderate DNA binding for complex 2a suggesting partial intercalation or groove binding with ct-DNA. Meanwhile, molecular docking simulations of potent rutheniumbased oxothiazolidine complexes (1a, 1c, and 2a) against breast (MCF-7) and (1a, 1c, and 2a) colon (HCT116) cancer cell models were carried out. The findings suggest that complex 2a is the best candidate complex for both cancers. Furthermore, complexes 1a and 1c demonstrated potent cytotoxic activity against MCF-7 breast cancer cells, whereas complexes 1b and 2d exhibited significant cytotoxic effects against HCT-116 colon cancer cells
Farklı Morfolojilere Sahip Peri-İmplantitis Olgularında Cerrahi Tedavinin Klinik Sonuçları: Vaka Serisi
No full textGirişPeri-implantitis, dental implantların çevresindeki yumuşak ve sert dokularda görülen, peri-implant mukozada inflamasyon ve bunu takiben destekleyici kemik kaybı ile karakterize, plak ile ilişkili patolojik bir durumdur. Peri-implantitis tedavisinde temel amaç; biyofilmin ortadan kaldırılması, osseointegrasyonun yeniden sağlanmasına elverişli bir implant yüzeyinin oluşturulmasıdır. Bu vaka serisinin amacı peri-implantitis teşhisi konmuş iki hastanın cerrahi tedavilerini ve sonuçlarını sunmaktır. Olgu Sunumu58 yaşında erkek hasta kliniğimize implant çevresindeki dokularda kanama şikâyeti ile başvurmuştur. Hastanın 36 numaralı implant çevresinde peri-implantitis saptanmış, defekt tipi Class Ib olarak değerlendirilmiştir. Klinik muayenede en derin cep derinliği 8 mm, sondalamada kanama ve püy varlığı tespit edilmiştir. Cerrahisiz peri-implant ve periodontal tedavi (plastik küret + AirFlow) sonrası 3. ayda cerrahi tedavi uygulanmıştır. Flep cerrahisi sırasında implant çevresi granülasyon dokuları uzaklaştırılmış, defekt bölgesi xenogreft ve PRF (Platelet Rich Fibrin) ile rekonstrükte edilmiştir. Dokuz ay sonraki klinik kontrolde, bukkal bölgede en derin cep derinliği 5 mm ölçülmüş ve sondalamada kanama ve püy tamamen ortadan kalkmıştır.65 yaşında erkek hasta kliniğimize 46 ve 47 numaralı implant üstü protezlerdeki gıda sıkışması şikâyeti ile başvurmuştur. İmplantlar çevresi kemikte Class IIIb tipi defekt saptanmıştır. Hastanın implant üstü protezleri uyumsuz olduğundan cerrahi tedavi öncesi sökülmüştür. Başlangıçta 47 numaralı implantın çevresinde en derin cep derinliği 8mm, 46 numarada ise 6 mm tespit edilmiş ve sondalamada kanama ve püy varlığı saptanmıştır. Cerrahi tedavide önce Ni-Ti fırça ve AirFlow ile yüzey dekontaminasyonu yapılmış, ardından defekt bölgesine PRF uygulanmıştır. 5. Ay kontrolünde, her iki implant çevresinde en derin cep derinlikleri 3 mm ölçülmüş, sondalamada kanama ve püy tamamen ortadan kalkmıştır. Protetik rehabilitasyon başarı ile tamamlanmıştır.Tartışma ve SonuçSistemik olarak sağlıklı ve sigara kullanmayan her iki hastada da defekt morfolojisine uygun olarak planlanan cerrahi peri-implantitis tedavi yaklaşımlarının klinik parametrelerde anlamlı iyileşme sağladığı görülmüştür. Farklı peri-implantitis defekt tiplerinde, risk faktörlerinin modifiye edilerek vakaya özgü tedavi planlaması tedavide etkin bir rol oynamaktadır.IntroductionPeri-implantitis is a plaque-associated pathological condition characterized by inflammation in the peri-implant mucosa, followed by progressive loss of supporting bone around dental implants. The primary goal of peri-implantitis therapy is to eliminate the biofilm and create an implant surface conducive to re-osseointegration. This case series aims to present the surgical treatment and outcomes of two patients diagnosed with peri-implantitis.Case PresentationsCase 1: A 58-year-old male presented with bleeding around a dental implant. Peri-implantitis was diagnosed around implant #36, classified as a Class Ib defect. Clinical examination revealed maximum probing depth (PD) of 8 mm, bleeding on probing (BOP), and suppuration. After non-surgical peri-implant and periodontal therapy (plastic curette + AirFlow), surgical treatment was performed at the 3-month follow-up. Granulation tissue was surgically removed, and the defect was reconstructed with xenograft/PRF combination. At the 9-month clinical control, the deepest buccal PD was 5 mm, and both BOP and suppuration were completely resolved.Case 2: A 65-year-old male sought treatment for food impaction around the prostheses on implants #46 and #47. Class IIIb bone defects were identified around both implants. The misfit prostheses were removed before surgery. The initial assessment revealed a maximum PD of 8 mm at #47 and 6 mm at #46, with BOP and suppuration present at both sites. Surgical treatment involved surface decontamination using a Ni-Ti brush and AirFlow, followed by PRF placement. At the 5-month control, the deepest PD was reduced to 3 mm at both implants, and BOP and suppuration were eliminated. Successful prosthetic rehabilitation was completed.Discussion and ConclusionSurgical peri-implantitis treatments planned according to defect morphology in these two systemically healthy, non-smoking patients resulted in significant improvement in clinical parameters. Modifying risk factors and implementing a case-specific treatment plan tailored to different peri-implantitis defect types plays a crucial role in treatment efficacy.</p
Is the serratus posterior superior intercostal plane block a viable alternative to the erector spinae plane block for postoperative analgesia in breast surgery? A prospective, randomized trial
No full textBackground: Effective management of postoperative pain remains a significant challenge after breast surgery. Among the available strategies, regional nerve blocks play a key role in alleviating surgical pain in these patients. This study was aimed to evaluate and compare the analgesic efficacy of two regional techniques—erector spinae plane block (ESPB) and serratus posterior superior intercostal plane block (SPSIPB)—in patients undergoing breast surgery. Methods: This study included 50 female patients aged 18 to 65 years, classified as ASA physical status I-III, with a body mass index ranging from 18 to 35 kg/m², who were scheduled to undergo unilateral breast cancer surgery. Based on random group allocation, either ESPB or SPSIPB was administered before the induction of general anesthesia. Postoperative analgesia was provided using a tramadol-based patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) system. Pain intensity was assessed with the visual analog scale (VAS) at specific predetermined time points: immediately postoperatively (0 h), and at 1, 4, 8, 12, and 24 h. The primary outcome was postoperative pain intensity assessed using the VAS at predetermined time points. Secondary outcomes included total opioid consumption via PCA, requirement for rescue analgesia, incidence of postoperative nausea/vomiting (PONV), block performance time, side effects, and patient satisfaction. Results: There were no significant differences in VAS scores at rest or during coughing between the two groups at any of the assessed postoperative time points (0, 1, 4, 8, 12, and 24 h) (p > 0.05). A statistically significant difference in postoperative tramadol consumption was observed between the groups, with the ESPB group receiving 137.6 ± 124 mg and the SPSIPB group receiving 82.4 ± 102 mg via PCA, corresponding to an average reduction of 55.2 mg in the SPSIPB group (p = 0.044). The difference in consumption was due to the difference in consumption between 4 and 8 h. In the ESPB group, the average tramadol consumption during this period was 75.2 mg, while in the SPSIPB group, it was 36.8 mg (p = 0.007). No significant differences were found between the groups regarding PONV, side effects, patient satisfaction, and duration of blocks. Conclusions: The SPSIPB may provide postoperative analgesia that is comparable in efficacy to the ESPB technique in breast surgery. Based on the findings of this study, SPSIPB provided postoperative analgesia comparable to ESPB and was associated with lower opioid consumption within the first 24 h after surgery. Furthermore, the ESPB group experienced pain relief earlier after surgery compared to the SPSIPB group, while pain relief in the SPSIPB group occurred later and lasted longer