Universidad Internacional del Ecuador
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Istikhdām al-Majāz al-Mursāl fi al-Balāghah al-‘Arābiyyah: Dirāsah fī Quwwat al-Ma’nā wa al-I’jāz al-Fannī fī al-Qur’ān [The Use of Metonymy in Arabic Rhetoric: A Study of the Strength of Meaning and the Artistic Miracle in the Qur’an]
No full textSalinity Stress in Maize: Consequences, Tolerance Mechanisms, and Management Strategies
No full textMaize, along with rice and wheat, is a popular staple food crop worldwide, and the most widely produced cereal crop. It is a versatile crop that may be utilized as a source of raw materials for human and animal fodders. Low agricultural yield and rapid population expansion significantly threaten future food security. Maize production is hampered by biotic and abiotic causes, with abiotic factors being the most critical limitation to agricultural output worldwide. Soil salinity is a key abiotic factor that reduces agricultural production by imposing negative impacts at several life cycle phases, including germination, seedling, vegetative, and reproductive development. Maize plants experience many physiological changes due to osmotic stress, toxicity of particular ions, and nutritional imbalance induced by salt stress. The degree and duration of stress, crop growth phases, genetic characteristics, and soil conditions influence yield reduction. Maize plants can tolerate salt stress involving a complex mechanism by changing their physiological, biochemical, and metabolic activities like stomatal functioning, photosynthesis, respiration, transpiration, hormone regulation, enzymes, metabolite generation, etc. After studying the salt tolerance mechanisms of maize plants under stress, integrated management techniques should be developed for maize agriculture in saline settings. Therefore, the study of plant responses to salt stress, stress tolerance mechanisms, and management strategies is one of the most imperative research fields in plant biology, and the study will focus on the effects of salt stress in different growth stages, plant tolerance mechanisms, and agronomic management practices for successful maize production all over the world
Effect of Carvedilol Versus Metoprolol on Contrast-Induced Nephropathy in Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome Undergoing Percutaneous Intervention Therapy
No full textCarvedilol can inhibit inflammation, vasoconstriction, and oxidative stress, which play important roles in the development and progression of contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN). To the best of our knowledge, no studies have investigated the potential effect of carvedilol on the prevalence of CIN after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for acute coronary syndrome (ACS). The present study aimed to determine whether carvedilol use is associated with the development of CIN. A total of 319 patients (mean age, 59.2 ± 12.4 years; 77.7% male) with ACS who underwent urgent PCI at our institution between May 2019 and May 2022 were included prospectively. Overall, 100 and 219 patients were assigned to the carvedilol and metoprolol groups, respectively. The prevalence of CIN was significantly lower in the carvedilol group (6.0%) than in the metoprolol group (18.3%; P =.003). Multivariate analysis revealed that carvedilol use (odds ratio [OR].250, 95% confidence interval [CI].092-.677, P =.006), amount of contrast agent (OR 1.004, 95% CI 1.000-1.008, P =.031), and admission estimated glomerular filtration rate (OR.978, 95% CI 0.960-.995, P =.014) were independently associated with the development of CIN. The use of carvedilol may be a promising option for the prevention of CIN in patients with ACS undergoing urgent PCI
