Universidad Internacional del Ecuador
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ilahiyat fakültesi öğrencilerinin pedagojik formasyon derslerinin uzaktan eğitim ile öğrenmesine yönelik tutumları Hatay Mustafa Kemal Üniversitesi örneği
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Phytochemical Profiling and In Vitro Antioxidant, Antimicrobial, Cytotoxicity Effects of Some Glycyrrhiza Species from Turkey
No full textGlycyrrhiza (licorice) species, known as “the grandfather of herbs” is one of the most popular medicinal plants used in traditional medicines and ethnobotany since ancient times. The present study aimed to determine the chemical composition, anti-cancer, antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of Glycyrrhiza glabra L., G. flavescens Boiss., and G. echinata L. taxa from different ecological conditions in Turkey. Root and leaf extracts of the plant samples were used to evaluate antimicrobial activity against 7 bacteria and 2 yeast strains using MICs and disc-diffusion methods. The antioxidant activity of plant samples was determined by using the DPPH radical scavenging activity method. The antimicrobial analysis results show that Gram-negative bacteria are more sensitive to the extracts than Gram-positive, and antimicrobial values of the root extracts were also more effective than the leaf extracts. The antioxidant activities of the extracts varied from 4.2 to 2196 μg/mL. Cytotoxicity activities of the Glycyrrhiza extracts were assessed in NCI-N87, LNCaP, and BxPC-3 human cancer cells, and the extracts exhibited remarkable activities towards the cells, with the IC50 value ranging from 16.28 ± 1.08 to 171.04 ± 0.68 μg/mL. Moreover, the chemical contents of the extracts were analyzed, and toluene, phenol, palmitic acid, chroman, butyric acid and lidocaine were determined in both the roots and leaves of the extracts. In the present study, our results also revealed that ecological conditions might affect the chemical content and biological activities of the extracts. Overall, it was found that the tested Glycyrrhiza extracts could have rich sources of medicinal drugs and natural plant products in the future
Astrovirus induced nonpurulent encephalomyelitis in sheep: First report from Türkiye by high-throughput sequencing
No full textBackground: This study presents the case of non-purulent encephalomyelitis associated with astrovirus infection in a sheep from Eastern Anatolia, Türkiye. Methods: A necropsy was performed on a sheep showing nervous signs. Afterwards, brain tissue samples were taken and examined with histopathological, immunohistochemical and molecular techniques. Results: Neuropathologic changes included neuronal degeneration, diffuse gliosis, multifocal perivascular cuffing, neuronophagy and neuronal necrosis in the cerebrum, the cerebellum and the cervical spinal cord. Aerobic and anaerobic bacterial culture, selective culture for Listeria monocytogenes, and PCR analysis for rabies virus, tick-borne encephalitis virus, Türkiye encephalitis virus, small ruminant lentiviruses and border disease virus were negative. However, the presence of astrovirus RNA in cerebral, cerebellar and spinal cord samples was demonstrated by a pan-astrovirus RT-PCR. Immunohistochemical examinations revealed astrovirus antigens within the neuronal cytoplasm. High-throughput sequencing techniques identified the causative agent as a member of the genotype species Mamastrovirus 13 but representing a distinct genetic lineage with similarity to ovine astrovirus 1 in the open-reading frames (ORF)1ab region and muskox astrovirus in the ORF2 region. Conclusion: This report provides evidence that astroviruses are potentially encephalitis-causing pathogens in ovine populations in Türkiye, featuring an astrovirus strain distinct from those previously identified in sheep
