Medical Visualization (E-Journal) / Медицинская визуализация
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Сравнение топометрических показателей селезенки по данным ультразвукового метода исследования
Get PDFObjective: to determine the ratio of the linear dimensions of the spleen and measuring the area for the standardization of research protocols and to compare over time. Materials and methods. 500 patients who underwent ultrasound of the spleen were examined. The length, width and area were measured. The mean age was 40.5 ± 7.3 years. Men in the study were 196 (39.2%) women - 304 (60.8%) Results. Direct dependence of increase in the linear sizes and the area of a spleen is revealed. Increasing the length of more than 13 cm always indicative of splenomegaly. However, the length in the range of 10.0 to 13.0 cm can fit both normal size and a significant increase even. In this connection, it is recommended to contentious matters an extra dimension or width or area of the spleen for subsequent monitoring of the dynamics of change. Conclusion. Measurement of the topometric indicators of the spleen is an important prognostic sign. It is recommended to measure as the linear dimensions and area of the largest cross-section for ease of comparison of the data
Оптимизация методики мультиспиральной компьютерной томографии при динамическом наблюдении онкологических больных
Get PDFOncological patient undergo CT up to 2-6 times per year, that leads to high radiation dose. One of the factor of high doses while abdomen CT study is multiphasic scanning. Purpose: optimization of contrast enhanced CT in dynamic monitoring of oncological patients. Materials and methods. Simultaneous venous-arterial phase MSCT technique was developed, which was based on serial injection on two contrast boluses to receive combined images of arterial and venous phases in a single scanning. Method was tested on 103 patients. Results. The data received in all cases of venous-arterial scanning enable to evaluate treatment response with RECIST criteria, determine tumor invasion in vessels and organs. Conclusion. Simultaneous venous-arterial scanning enable to evaluate treatment response and to significantly reduce radiation dose in compare with bi-phasic CT of abdomen
Возможности конусно-лучевой компьютерной томографии при оценке изменений суставов кисти и запястья у пациентов с ревматоидным артритом
Get PDFThere is a high general and primary morbidity of rheumatoid arthritis in Russian Federation subjects. Diagnosis of this disease in daily practice is based on the assessment of clinical manifestations, laboratory markers and results of radiological methods of investigation, an X-ray among which is still leading. However, standard radiography allows assessing bone structure modification not in all the cases. Nowadays in the diagnostic algorithm for structural changes estimation of musculoskeletal system the high-tech technique of cone-beam computed tomography is gradually adopting. Purpose: the comparative analysis of standard radiography and cone-beam computed tomography in the hand and wrist joints pathological changes detection in rheumatoid arthritis. Materials and methods. The results of hand and wrist standard radiography and cone-beam computed tomography of 42 patients in rheumatoid arthritis in anamnesis have been analyzed. Results. Cone-beam computed tomography showed a significant advantage in assessment of the hand and wrist joints changes regardless of the disease stage in all the patients from the observation group. Conclusion. Taking into consideration low radiation dose, high spatial resolution with the ability to identify structural remodeling spots in size from 1 mm and relatively low direct cost of the study, cone-beam computed tomography could be considered as the methodology of the first step in diagnosis of the hand and wrist joints changes in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. In addition, this technique could be used in the dynamics, while monitoring the effectiveness of the therapy, replacing gradually standard radiography
Альвеококкоз печени: возможности лучевых методов диагностики
Get PDFHepatic Alveolar Echinococcosis (HAE) is a potentially dangerous natural focal parasitic disease, which is characterized by severe chronic progression and frequent recurrences. Although histopathologically a benign disease, HAE shows the characteristics of a malignant tumor with destructive tissue growth, invasion of adjacent organs, and distant dissemination. There are several characteristic features of HAE lesion, which depends on location of the parasitic lesion within the liver and stage of disease, none of them is specific. This is why the differential diagnostic of HAE is difficult. The article deals with characteristic features and diagnostic criteria of HAE, compares possibilities of different methods of visual examination. In conclusion the article determines the optimal indications for use one or the other examination method.Альвеококкоз - потенциально опасное природноочаговое паразитическое заболевание, характеризующееся тяжелым хроническим течением и частыми рецидивами. Несмотря на то что гистопатологически это заболевание является доброкачественным, по характеру течения, деструктивному росту и диссеминации в различные органы и ткани альвеококкоз схож со злокачественной опухолью. В зависимости от стадии заболевания и локализации в печени существует ряд признаков, характеризующих очаг альвеококка. Однако ни один из этих признаков нельзя считать специфичным, поэтому при дифференциальной диагностике альвеококкоза печени нередко возникают затруднения. В статье описаны характерные признаки, основные диагностические критерии альвеококкоза печени, сравнена эффективность различных методов визуализации, а также определены оптимальные показания к применению тех или иных методов инструментального обследования
Компьютерная томография в диагностике семейного ювенильного полипоза, осложненного инвагинацией кишечника (клиническое наблюдение)
Get PDFIntussusception is the most common cause of obstruction in children, which can occur at different ages and combined with other diseases. Presented by clinical observation of intestinal intussusception in the family background of juvenile polyposis in a child under the age of 10 years. Child enrolled in the surgical department of Children's Regional Hospital with suspected abdominal cavity formation, which was identified by ultrasound. The diagnosis of intestinal intussusception set by computed tomography. Intraoperatively revealed intestinal implementation caused by a polyp was jejunum. The peculiarity of this clinical observation is the difficulty of diagnosis and identity manifestation of this type of intestinal obstruction, which originated in the mother and child. The girl was discharged in satisfactory condition at the 23rd day.Инвагинация кишечника является самой частой причиной непроходимости у детей, которая может встречаться в различном возрасте и сочетаться с другими заболеваниями. Представлено клиническое наблюдение тонкокишечной инвагинации на фоне семейного ювенильного полипоза у ребенка в возрасте 10 лет. Ребенок поступил в хирургическое отделение Детской областной клинической больницы с подозрением на образование брюшной полости, которое было выявлено при УЗИ. Диагноз тонкокишечной инвагинации установлен с помощью КТ. Интраоперационно выявлено кишечное внедрение, причиной которого явился полип тощей кишки. Особенность данного клинического наблюдения заключается в трудности диагностики и идентичности манифестации этого вида кишечной непроходимости, которая возникла у матери и ребенка. Девочка выписана в удовлетворительном состоянии на 23-и сутки
Опыт фМРТ-анализа состояния покоя (resting state) здоровых испытуемых с использованием программного обеспечения FSL
Get PDFПервый опыт использования гибридной диагностической системы для визуализации заданного отдела мочевых путей у детей с обструктивными уропатиями
Get PDFObjective: to explore the possibility of a hybrid imaging system for the visualization of an adjusted urinary tract. Materials and methods. The results of kidney and ureter ultrasonography, and excretory urography of 30 children (14 (47%) girls and 16 (53%) boys) aged from 1 to 15 years with hydronephrosis (11 (37%) children) and ureterohydronephrosis (19 (63%) children) were estimated. All patients underwent dynamic kidney scan followed by CT scanning on a hybrid imaging system Philips Precedence with 16-slice CT configuration. Results. This approach allowed us to obtain a complete visualization of ureter on CT scans, including intramural segment in 19 (63%) patients by a single CT scan. In 7 (23%) cases, the CT scan was able to visualize ureteropelvic junction. In 4 (14%) cases the ureter doubling was observed. Conclusion. The use of X-ray tomography, synchronized with a dynamic nephroscintigraphy allowed to visualize the ureter segment of interest in not more than by two CT scans. The latter was realized due to the accurate determination of the arrival time of the contrast agent in the ureter of interest by registering the kinetics of the radiotracer on dynamic recording. Therefore, the radiation dose to the child received in the performance of the hybrid study was less significant compared with that in the conventional CT scan, due to the lack of need for additional CT scans
Онкоцитарный вариант внутрипротоковой папиллярной опухоли желчного протока
Get PDFIntraductal papillary neoplasms of the bile duct (IPNBs) is a collective term for such neoplasms and bile-duct mucin-producing and cystic tumors. Similar to intraductal papillary mucinous tumors of pancreas, authors identify 4 histologic types of IPNB based on mucin expression differences. We describe a rare case of intraductal oncocytic papillary neoplasms of the bile duct. Prognosis for IPNB is unclear; however, no doubt, it is more favourable for patients without an invasive component compared with IPNb combined with invasive carcinoma.Внутрипротоковые папиллярные опухоли желчного протока (ВПО ЖП) - это собирательный термин, используемый для обозначения папиллярных опухолей желчных протоков, муцинпродуцирующих опухолей желчных протоков и кистозных опухолей желчных протоков. По аналогии с внутрипротоковыми папиллярными муцинозными опухолями поджелудочной железы выделены 4 гистологических типа ВПО ЖП на основании различий в экспрессии муцинов. В статье приведен редкий случай ВПО ЖП опухоли желчного протока, онкоцитарный вариант. Прогноз ВПО ЖП не ясен, несомненно, у пациентов без инвавзивного компонента прогноз более благоприятный по сравнению с ВПО ЖП в сочетании с инвазивной карциномой