Journal of Ayurveda and Integrated Medical Sciences (JAIMS)
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Superfood or Inferior Grains? Exploring Contrasting Perspectives on Millets through Anekantavada
No full textMillets, traditionally categorized in Ayurveda as Kudhanya (inferior grains), are increasingly recognized in modern nutrition for their dense nutrient composition, low glycaemic index, and agroecological adaptability. Grains such as foxtail (Kangu), barnyard (Shyamaka), kodo (Kodrava), and finger millet (Ragi) are now valued for their role in managing metabolic disorders like diabetes, hypertension, and obesity, while also supporting sustainable agriculture. The Ayurvedic classification of millets as Kudhanya is not a blanket dismissal, but a context-driven, comparative assessment based on properties such as Ruksha (dry), Laghu (light), Vishtambhi (constipating), and Vata-kara (Vata-aggravating). These characteristics, when evaluated through parameters like Prakriti (individual constitution), Matra (quantity), Desha (geography), and Kala (season or time), reveal their conditional suitability and offer a fuller understanding. Notably, Acharya Sushruta includes millets like kodo and barnyard among the Ekanta Hita Dravyas - substances considered unequivocally beneficial. Modern nutritional science, on the other hand, highlights their preventive and therapeutic potential in addressing contemporary lifestyle and environmental challenges. Viewed through the lens of Anekantavada - the Jain doctrine of manifold perspectives - these seemingly conflicting views can be reconciled by recognizing the unique value each holds within its own framework. This inquiry advocates for a holistic and contextually informed approach to millet consumption, drawing from both classical Ayurvedic wisdom and modern scientific evidence to promote individualized and ecologically sustainable dietary practices
Role of Upashaya and Anupashaya with special reference to Tamaka Swasa
No full textIntroduction: Nidana Panchaka is the basic tool for the diagnostic criteria in Ayurveda. Upashaya and Anupashaya are one amongst the Nidana Panchaka. There are certain ailments that are likely to have similar causes and symptoms. Upashaya and Anupashaya are techniques to differentiate and diagnose such disorders and to plan accurate treatment. Acharya Charaka has mentioned “गूढलिङ्गं व्याधिमुपशयानुपशयाभ्यां” When the Vyadhi is not elicited properly or the symptoms are masked, then the treatment can be proposed based on Upashaya and Anupashaya. Nowadays many recurrent chronic airway disorders are arising all over the world and Tamaka Swasa is one of them. Its symptoms have close resemblance with bronchial asthma in modern aspect. In this article importance of Upashaya and Anupashaya and its role in Tamaka Swasa is discussed. Aims and Objectives: To understand Upashaya and Anupashaya and how it works in Tamaka Swasa. Materials and Methods: References from various Samhithas and reviews from various published articles. Discussion: Swasa can manifest as Vyadhi or Lakshana. By applying Upashaya and Anupashaya one can diagnose it is Tamaka Swasa and other four types Swasa can be ruled out. In this present scenario many lifestyle disorders with numerous symptoms are arising that makes physicians difficult to diagnose. By applying Upashaya and Anupashaya proper diagnosis and effective treatment can be exhibited. Conclusion: Upashaya and Anupashaya are one of the effective tools in Ayurveda for diagnosis as well as management of disease hence they are considered as clinical pearls in Ayurveda
Phytochemical Evaluation of Kupeelu Seed (Strychnos nuxvomica Linn) with different Sodhana Methods
No full textBackground: Kupeelu (Strychnos nux vomica Linn.) classified under Upavisha and is well-known plant in Indian system of medicine. Numerous Ayurvedic formulations includes this drug, but only after proper Sodhana. Being a spinal poison. So, it is very essential to remove the physical and chemical impurities of Kupeelu by proper Sodhana methods before using it therapeutically.
Method: In this study, the media used for Sodhana procedures were Godugdham, Gogrtham, Gomootram, Takram, and Kanjikam. The aim of the study was to evaluate the physicochemical changes occurring in Kupeelu after Sodhana and to analyse the raw Kupeelu in comparison with Sodhita Kupeelu in different media. After Sodhana procedures, chemical constituents were analysed by Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC). Followed by quantitative analysis using High Performance Thin Layer Chromatography (HPTLC). The quantities of Strychnine and brucine before and after purification were statistically analysed using the paired t test and comparison among purified were made using one way ANOVA with Post hoc (Tukey HSD).
Result: A Significant decrease in the quantity of brucine was found in the Kupeelu purified using (Go Mutram + Go Ksheeram), Takram and Danyamlam (p<0.001). Significant decrease in the amount of strychnine was observed in the Kupeelu purified using Go Ksheeram, Go Mutram, Danyamlam, Takram, Go Ghrutham, all showing highly significant mean difference (p<0.001) when compared with Raw materials.
Conclusion: Quantitative estimation showed a significant reduction in strychnine and brucine content in Go Mutra Sodhita samples
Exploring the Pharmacodynamics of Sarpagandha Vati - A Critical Review
No full textAyurveda is medical treatment that is practiced in various parts of the world from centuries ago. Ayurveda follows a unique treatment form which can be used for curative and preventive aspect which slow down the process of ageing, restore physical and mental strength and prevent the consequences of ageing by administration of herbal and Herbo-mineral medication. Most of developing countries are bombarding with the serious threat of hypertension. The objective of this article is to evaluate the efficacy of Sarpgandha Vati in the cure of hypertension. Sarpgandha Vati, a traditional Ayurvedic formulation, is derived from the roots of the Sarpgandha plant (often referred to as Rauwolfia serpentina). This compound has been utilized for centuries in Ayurvedic practices, particularly for its potential therapeutic effects in various medical conditions. Hypertension, commonly referred to as high blood pressure, is a pervasive and serious medical condition affecting millions worldwide. Characterized by persistently elevated blood pressure levels, hypertension silently wreaks havoc on the body\u27s vital systems, significantly increasing the risk of heart disease, stroke, and kidney damage. As one of the primary risk factors for cardiovascular disease, hypertension poses a substantial threat to global health This article aims to explore the efficacy of Sarpgandha Vati in treating diseases such as hypertension, anxiety, and other neurological disorders
A Randomized Controlled Trial Evaluating Selected Ayurvedic Formulations in the Management of Yakṛt Roga w.s.r. to Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
No full textNon-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), linked to obesity and metabolic syndrome, can progress to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. This randomized clinical trial evaluated two Ayurvedic treatments, Phalatrikadi Kwatha with Triphala Guggulu (Group A) or Phalatrikadi Kwatha with Arogyavardhana Vati (Group B) administered in 64 patients. Primary data revealed that most participants (53.1%) were aged 61-70, 65.6% were female, and 65.6% had Grade II fatty liver. Most common symptom was identified as Abdominal discomfort, and it was (46.9%). Both groups showed significant symptom relief and Group A BMI reduction was 0.69±0.39, and Group B 0.53±0.36 (p > 0.05). ALT/SGPT levels improved significantly in Group B (37.60±14.83) compared to Group A (11.36±7.71) (p < 0.05). Improvements in AST/SGOT, GGT, ALP, serum albumin, bilirubin, and serum creatinine levels were noted in both groups and not statistically significant (p > 0.05). Ultrasound imaging showed no significant changes in liver echogenicity or parenchymal thickness. However, both treatments effectively managed NAFLD, with Group B showing superior improvement in liver function, particularly ALT/SGPT levels, and demonstrating its potential as a therapeutic option for NAFLD
HPTLC Fingerprinting of Polyherbomineral Vicharchikari Taila: A Chromatographic Insight into Classical Ayurvedic Formulation
No full textThe study presents the HPTLC fingerprinting of Vicharchikari Taila, a classical Ayurvedic polyherbomineral oil traditionally used in managing eczema. Employing CAMAG HPTLC instrumentation and methanolic extracts, key bioactive compounds curcumin (Rf 0.29), piperine (Rf 0.37), quercetin (Rf 0.49), eugenol (Rf 0.51), and azadirachtin (Rf 0.52) were successfully identified, confirming their presence through distinct Rf values. These compounds exhibit anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and immunomodulatory activities, contributing synergistically to the formulation’s dermatological efficacy. The analysis offers scientific validation of the oil’s therapeutic claims, revealing a multi-targeted mechanism that supports skin healing and breaks the pathogenesis of eczema. This chromatographic insight highlights the potential of HPTLC as a robust quality control tool for standardizing complex Ayurvedic formulations like Vicharchikari Taila
A Clinical Study of Kumkum Nasya and Pathyadi Shadanga Kwatha in the management of Ardhavabhedaka with special reference to Migraine: A Randomized Clinical Trial - A Research Protocol
No full textThe lifestyle of the people of the modern era has changed due to rapid urbanization. Due to changes in lifestyle, stress is causing an increased incidence of acute and chronic disorders like Ardhavabhedaka. Ardhavabhedaka (Migraine) is a condition associated with moderate to severe headaches with a throbbing type of pain that lasts from hours to days. It begins on one side of the head and spread to both temporal, and occipital regions and is frequently accompanied by symptoms such as nausea and vomiting, tiredness, and sometimes giddiness. Ardhavabhedaka can be correlated with migraine, due to its cardinal features of a half-sided headache. According to Acharya Charaka Ardhavabhedaka have Vata-Kapha dosha. The management of these Dosha can be done through Kumkum Nasya Karma
The Twin Pathological Pillars of Prameha: An Ayurvedic Review of Meda and Kleda
No full textPrameha, described extensively in Ayurveda, represents a spectrum of metabolic disorders characterized by excessive urination and derangements in body fluids. Among its etiological factors, Meda (adipose tissue/lipid metabolism) and Kleda (pathological body fluids and metabolic exudates) occupy a central role in pathogenesis. In modern science, obesity, insulin resistance, and altered glucose metabolism contribute to diabetes mellitus and metabolic syndrome, suggesting striking parallels with Ayurvedic descriptions. This article aims to explore the Ayurvedic concepts of Meda and Kleda in Prameha and to correlate them with modern biomedical insights into obesity, insulin resistance, and osmotic diuresis
Artificial Intelligence in Traditional Medicine: Transforming AYUSH Systems Through Digital Innovation
No full textArtificial Intelligence (AI) is rapidly reshaping the healthcare sector by introducing advanced capabilities in predictive analytics, personalized medicine, and streamlined data management. These inventions are not only enhancing conventional biomedical systems but also opening new frontiers for traditional healthcare frameworks. In the context of India’s AYUSH systems - which encompass Ayurveda, Yoga & Naturopathy, Unani, Siddha, and Homeopathy - AI presents a transformative opportunity to bridge ancient wisdom with modern technological paradigms. The integration of AI into AYUSH practices holds immense promise for improving clinical decision-making through intelligent diagnostic tools, enhancing pharmacovigilance via real-time adverse event monitoring, and fostering robust interdisciplinary research. By leveraging machine learning algorithms, natural language processing, and big data analytics, AI can facilitate the extraction of actionable insights from classical texts, patient records, and pharmacological databases, thereby supporting evidence-informed practice and policy formulation. This article critically examines the current state of AI adoption within AYUSH, identifying key initiatives, institutional collaborations, and technological platforms that are driving innovation. It also addresses the multifaceted challenges - including data heterogeneity, lack of standardized terminologies, and ethical considerations - that must be navigated to ensure responsible and effective implementation. Furthermore, the discussion highlights future directions such as the development of AI-powered decision support systems, digital repositories of traditional knowledge, and global benchmarking tools that can elevate AYUSH onto the international stage. The recent endorsement by the World Health Organization (WHO), recognizing India’s leadership in traditional medicine and its digital transformation efforts, underscores the strategic importance of AI in positioning AYUSH as a globally relevant and scientifically validated healthcare system. Through this lens, the article advocates for a synergistic approach that harmonizes tradition and technology, paving the way for a resilient, inclusive, and innovation-driven future in integrative medicine
Ayurvedic management of Lumbar Radiculopathy w.s.r. to Katigraha specifically on Roland Morris Criteria: A Case Study
No full textLow back pain affects approximately 60.85% of adults during some point of their life and 10% of this is because of lumbar radiculopathy (LR). Katigraha which is correlated with LR is a degenerative condition affecting the discs, vertebral bodies, and/ or associated joints of the lumbar spine. In current case study shows the effect of Shodhan (Basti) and Shaman therapy in management of lumbar radiculopathy. A 32 years male patient come to our institute with complaints of severe backache, tingling in bilateral lower limb, ROM, radiating pain from lumbar to left lower limb. MRI finding shows a central disc protrusion at L4-L5 level along with posterocentral annular tear. Roland Morris Criteria score was 20, Womac score was 52 and Gals score was 19. Deepan Pachan Chikitsa includes Rukshan-Pachan Kwath 40ml BD before meal along with Angitundi Vati 2BD before meal for 5 days. Panchakarma Chikitsa including Katibasti with Til Tail + Mahanarayana Tail, Kaal Basti kram (Enema) including Panchatiktadi Kshir Basti (750ml) And Dashamulguduchyadi Tail + Sahachar tail Anuwasan Basti (80ml). Shaman treatment includes Erandmoolghanvati, Parijataghanavati, Astimajjapachak Kwath, Rasrajeshwar Ras Kalpa. Patient has significant effect to improve the Womac score from 52 to 14, Gals score from 19 to 10 and Roland Morris criteria score from 23 to 12, VAS Score reduces from 8 to 4. For prevention of hazardous complication of Surgery, Present case focus on potential and synergistic effect of Ayurvedic intervention and Panchkarma in treating lumbar radiculopathy