Journal of Ayurveda and Integrated Medical Sciences (JAIMS)
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Ayurvedic Management of Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyneuropathy with Axonopathy and Secondary Denervation (Kaphavrutavata): A Case Report
No full textChronic Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyneuropathy (CIDP) is an immune-mediated neuropathy causing progressive weakness and sensory loss due to demyelination and axonal degeneration. Conventional therapies such as corticosteroids, intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg), and plasma exchange often provide incomplete benefit with relapses and adverse effects. Ayurveda describes similar features under Kaphavrutavata, where kapha obstructs Vata and impairs neuromuscular function. We report a 36-year-old female with a 2-year history of progressive weakness, numbness, gait disturbance, and pain, unresponsive to corticosteroids. Nerve conduction study and cerebrospinal fluid analysis confirmed definite CIDP with axonopathy and denervation. An integrative Ayurvedic protocol including Deepana–Pachana, Shamana formulations, Shodhana therapies, and Rasayana support were administered. After eight weeks, the patient showed significant functional recovery: INCAT leg disability score improved from 4 to 1, muscle strength increased to grade 3/5, reflexes partially returned, numbness reduced, and sleep improved. This case highlights the potential of Ayurveda in managing refractory CIDP and calls for systematic evaluation through clinical studies
Knowledge of Medicine and Pharmacology in Ayurveda - A Literature Review
No full textAyurveda is a science of life, which describes about the various ways of life which are useful or harmful for our body, the perfect duration, measures of healthy body and healthy life and the laws of social life for a healthful living. From the time of Vedic literature, various herbs and their fundamental principle of action have been mentioned. After the Vedic period, when the Samhita period came, various classical texts like Charak Samhita (1000 BC), Susrut Samhita (5th AD) were written pertaining to various diseases, their treatment protocol (Medicinal or surgical) along with various medicinal formulations as well. So, A literature review is performed aiming at the core knowledge of Ayurvedic pharmacology and bringing it to light with the help of modern knowledge of pharmacology. Various Ayurvedic texts, Samhitas, research journals, electronic data bases, article, and gray literatures are reviewed to collect information’s and to know the gap in the knowledge field. It has been found that Ayurvedic pharmacology comprises of four allied branches i.e. 1) Pharmacognosy-Identification of Drug or Nam Rup Vigyan. 2) Pharmacodynamics (what the drug does to the body) and Pharmaokinetic (what the body does to the drug or Guna Karma Vigyan. 3) Therapeutic use - How the drug can be used to a specific disease (Amayik Prayoga). 4) Pharmacy - Selection, Purification, processes of compounding drugs & their preservation. So, Ayurvedic Pharmacology which is called as Dravya Guna Vigyan deals with principles, qualities (Guna), action & therapeutic profile of plant-based products as well as food products mentioned in Ayurveda. Therefore, to conclude, any Ayurvedic drugs contain some qualities by which it can create an action in the body. Ayurveda says them as Rasa (Taste), Guna (Inherent Quality), Virya (Potency), Vipak (the product after assimilated in body) &Prabhaba (Principle responsible for specific action)
A Comparative HPTLC Evaluation of Choorna and Bhavitha Choorna of Sigru Patra (leaves of Moringa oleifera Lam.)
No full textBackground: High-Performance Thin-Layer Chromatography (HPTLC) is a reliable technique for the standardization and quality control of herbal medicines, offering unique chromatographic fingerprints that help verify authenticity and potency. Sigru Patra (Moringa oleifera Lam. leaves), known for their medicinal value, were selected for HPTLC profiling to compare the phytochemical composition of Choorna (powder) and Bhavitha Choorna (powder processed with Bhavana using fresh juice of the same leaves).
Methods: Methanolic extracts of both samples were prepared and applied (5 µL each) to silica gel 60 F254 HPTLC plates. The mobile phase consisted of toluene: chloroform: methanol (6:3:1). Chromatograms were visualized under UV light at 254 nm and 366 nm, and peaks with respective Rf values and areas were recorded.
Result: At 254 nm, Choorna displayed 12 peaks with a total area of 48,012.9 AU, whereas Bhavitha Choorna showed 13 peaks totalling 36,345 AU. At 366 nm, both exhibited 16 peaks, but Bhavitha Choorna had a higher total area (144,453.6 AU) than Choorna (139,534.9 AU), indicating an enhanced concentration of phytoconstituents. This enhancement is attributed to the traditional Bhavana process.
Conclusion: In conclusion, HPTLC analysis confirmed that Bhavitha Choorna possesses greater phytochemical richness than plain Choorna. The Bhavana technique improves the formulation’s potency, reinforcing HPTLC\u27s role as an essential tool for standardizing Ayurvedic preparations
Ayurvedic Intervention with Haridra and Nimb for Skin Itching - A Case Based Evaluation
No full textSkin itching (pruritus) is a common dermatological complaint that significantly affects the quality of life. In Ayurveda, itching is described under conditions such as Kandu or Twak Vikara. Haridra (Curcuma longa Linn.), widely recognized for its anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and antipruritic properties, has been extensively used in traditional formulations. This case report highlights the successful management of chronic skin itching using Haridra and Nimb in a 36-year-old patient
A Comparative Antimicrobial Evaluation of Stem Bark and Fruit of Shami (Prosopis Cineraria) on Different Bacterial Strains
No full textShami (Prosopis cineraria) is a multipurpose tree found in arid and semi-arid regions, traditionally recognized for its medicinal properties and environmental significance. Both the bark and fruit contain bioactive phytochemicals such as tannins, alkaloids, and flavonoids contributing to their utility in ethnomedicine. The present study compares the antibacterial potential of methanolic extract of the fruit and bark of Prosopis cineraria on S.aureus, a gram-positive bacteria and E.coli a gram-negative bacteria. S.aureus is a spherical, gram-positive pathogen known for causing skin and systemic infections, as well as developing resistance to multiple antibiotics. In contrast, E.coli is a motile, rod-shaped, gram-negative bacteria commonly found in the human intestinal tract. While most strains are harmless but certain pathogenic types can cause urinary tract infections, gastroenteritis, and sepsis. The antibacterial activity was assessed using the agar diffusion method, where bark extracts showed the presence of flavonoids and tannins, while fruit extracts demonstrated enhanced levels of secondary metabolites. Both extracts exhibited dose-dependent effects, with the fruit consistently showing superior activity, particularly against resistant strains. These findings suggest that Shami (Prosopis cineraria) fruit may serve as a potent source for developing new antibacterial agents targeting problematic bacteria
Assessment and Quantification of Preanalytical errors - A Laboratory based study from a Tertiary Care Institution
No full textBackground: Pre analytical errors are the main cause of laboratory dysfunctions which compromise the reliability of diagnostic results. These errors occur during the phase before actual sample analysis. Even though this contribute to the maximum proportion of error in laboratory, it is completely preventable. This article is focusing not only on the quantification of preanalytical errors in our laboratory, but also suggests some possible practical remedies that can be adopted to reduce them. Materials and Methods: Current study was retrospective observational study. Total of 29998 samples were collected. Error categories including haemolysis, insufficient quantity, icteric samples and lipemic samples were analysed. The frequency of each error category was calculated. Based on the analysis, relevant remedial measures were proposed. Results: During the 20 months period, out of the total 29998 samples 53 (0.18 %) samples were rejected due to preanalytical errors. Haemolysis (0.067%) was the most commonly observed error, contributing to the highest proportion of rejected samples followed by insufficient sample (0.053%), Highly icteric samples (0.050%), Lipemic samples (0.007%). Conclusion: This retrospective study identified key preanalytical errors and the rejection rate of specimens due to preanalytical error is around 0.18 %. Preanalytical errors can also be taken as an indicator to establish laboratory standards which help to get the best possible laboratory results. Effective management of preanalytical errors require timely monitoring of error sources, implementation of proper corrective and preventive measures and periodic training of laboratory staff
Legal Implications and Ethical Boundaries in Panchakarma Practice: A Critical Review
No full textBackground: Panchakarma, a central therapeutic modality in Ayurveda, involves complex procedures that require strict adherence to clinical, ethical, and legal standards. Practitioners frequently face medico-legal challenges arising from negligence, documentation gaps, breach of confidentiality, or deviation from standard protocols. Ethical principles have been embedded in Ayurveda since antiquity, yet contemporary legal systems demand compliance with statutory frameworks and biomedical ethics.
Objective: To examine the legal implications and ethical boundaries in Panchakarma practice by integrating classical Ayurvedic ethics with modern medico-legal principles.
Methods: A narrative review of classical Ayurvedic texts, statutory documents, AYUSH guidelines, and peer-reviewed literature was conducted using PubMed, DHARA, AYUSH Research Portal, and Google Scholar. Literature pertaining to medical negligence, ethical guidelines, Panchakarma safety, patient rights, and professional accountability was included.
Results: Panchakarma practitioners are vulnerable to legal liabilities such as civil claims, criminal charges, license suspension, and penalties stemming from negligence, breach of confidentiality, misconduct, inadequate consent, and deviation from SOPs. Ethical breaches commonly relate to practitioner incompetence, diagnostic oversight, boundary violations, cultural insensitivity, and improper waste handling.
Conclusion: Ethical and legally compliant Panchakarma practice enhances patient safety, trust, and professional credibility. Integration of classical Ayurvedic ethics with modern legal mandates is essential for safeguarding practitioners and maintaining the therapeutic integrity of Panchakarma
Revitalizing Traditional Weaning Practices: An Exploration of Ayurvedic Principles and Southern India\u27s Infant Nutrition
No full textThe World Health Organization and UNICEF recommend exclusive breastfeeding for the first six months. This is followed by weaning foods and continued breastfeeding up to two years for optimal growth and development, marking the beginning of the weaning process. The word “weaning” is now replaced by complementary feeding, the process of introducing suitable semi-solid food at the right age. The concept of weaning in Ayurveda is discussed under the heading "Sthanyaapanayana", the introduction of cereals typically beginning around 6 months of age. A process that is gradually initiated along with breastmilk, when the eruption of teeth in infant takes place. It includes replacement of breast milk with cow’s milk or goat’s milk, boiled rice and food that are easily digestible and nourishing. In South India, the traditional weaning practice typically involves introducing infants to cereals such as ragi, wheat, and rice; Banana, Dried green banana which is often supplemented with additional ingredients like almond and cashew, converted into a powder mix and cooked in cow\u27s milk to create a semi-solid consistency; sweetened with a local sweetening agent. These recipes vary across regions due to cultural and geographical differences. This article is based on data collected from over 20 locations across South India, analysing the similarities and variations in traditional weaning practices. It explores potential similarities between traditional foods and those mentioned in Ayurvedic texts, examining their nutritional value, cultural significance, and contemporary relevance
Haridra Khanda: A Classical Ayurvedic Polyherbal Formulation and its Contemporary Scientific Developments - A Comprehensive Review
No full textHaridra Khaṇḍa is a classical Ayurvedic polyherbal formulation which is widely used in the treatment of Udarda, Śītapitta and Kotha, compared to conditions caused by allergies and inflammation like urticaria, allergic dermatitis and hypersensitivity reactions. It focuses on Haridra (Curcuma longa Linn.), a medicinal plant which has been extensively studied for its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-allergic and immunomodulatory effects. More recently, there is a global interest in integrative and evidence-based traditional medicine, thereby revitalizing scientific efforts in developing classical Ayurvedic formulations, using modern-day pharmacological and clinical research approaches for the purpose of validation. All references pertaining to Haridra Khanda were reviewed from classical Ayurvedic texts followed by a systematic search of open-access electronic databases (up to October, 2023) including PubMed, Google Scholar, and AYUSH research portals. The present review explores the classical Ayurvedic literature, composition, and preparation; Rasa-Pancaka; phytochemical constituents; pharmacological mechanisms; preclinical and clinical evidence; quality control; safety features and recent pharmaceutical protocols of Haridra Khaṇḍa. Conclusion Although the existing evidence indicates a potential therapeutic significance of Haridra Khaṇḍa in conditions with allergic and inflammatory manifestations, the current available evidence is hampered by some issues like absence of large size randomized controlled trials, lack of pharmacokinetic data, lack of uniform standardization protocols etc. These findings may serve to bridge classical Ayurvedic knowledge with modern scientific validation to promote global acceptance of Haridra Khanda as a safe and effective integrative therapeutic agent
Padmasana: Anatomy and its Physiological Impact on the Body
No full textIn today’s fast-paced world, the trend is a comprehensive approach to treatment. Along with Ayurveda as an integrated form of treatment, Yoga is a preventive and curative mode for both physical and mental stress from today’s lifestyles. About the study of breath and muscle awareness, Yoga includes principles of human anatomy. For Yoga practitioners, anatomical awareness is a useful tool for maintaining a healthy body and mind. There are many applications of Yoga practiced by individuals around the world; however, they all share the common application of body and mind balance. Hatha Yoga consists of many components, of which Asana is one, that focus on the structure and function of the human body. There are several sitting Asana with Padmasana or lotus pose being one of them. It is practiced with focus on the anatomical relationships of joint movement, surrounding muscle action, and connective tissues. They are an effective way to restore some of our natural flexibility and mobility. Practicing Padmasana is more than just restoring our natural function with practice related to the pelvis and lower back. Yogic sitting Asanas are a prerequisite to other advanced practices