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Political-RAG: using generative AI to extract political information from media content
Get PDFIn the digital era, media content is crucial for political analysis, providing valuable insights through news articles, social media posts, speeches, and reports. Natural Language Processing (NLP) has transformed Political Information Extraction (IE), automating tasks such as event extraction and sentiment analysis. Traditional NLP methods, while effective, are often task-specific and require specialized expertise. In contrast, Large Language Models (LLMs) powered by Generative Artificial Intelligence (GenAI) offer a more integrated solution. However, domain-specific challenges persist, which led to the development of the Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) framework. RAG enhances LLMs by incorporating external data retrieval, addressing issues related to data availability. To demonstrate RAG’s capabilities, we introduce the Political-RAG system, designed to extract political event information from media content, including Twitter data and news articles. Initially developed for event extraction, the Political-RAG system lays the foundation for developing various complex Political IE tasks. These include detecting hate speech, analyzing conflicts, assessing political bias, and evaluating social trends, sentiment, and opinions
Filwood Broadway Action Plan
No full textThe Filwood Broadway Action Plan presents a shared vision for a thriving community-led high street that caters to the needs of Knowle Westers and nurtures inclusive economic and cultural growth. The plan sets out short, medium and long-term goals for the high street, and the actions needed to achieve them. These goals and actions have been defined collectively over 13 workshops with members of the Filwood Broadway Action Team, a group made of local organisations, residents, council officers and business owners
Using the potential of photography to narrate the urban border: A case study in the XII Arrondissement of Paris
No full textCities are defined by their boundaries – internally and externally. They provide the framework against which the urban narrative is told. But how can we ‘narrate’ the boundary? This paper argues the case for a creative, visual way of applying a theoretical understanding of the boundary condition to tell its story through a reading of the XII arrondissement of Paris. The method is distinctly subjective, based on the tradition of the expert observer and the photography deliberately amateur but informed. This is set against a background, both in Paris and elsewhere, of urban planning activity that seeks to promote ideas of place identity. Knowing when we move in or out and whether the boundary has a presence can either reinforce or dilute that feeling. The paper concludes by suggesting that not only is the urban boundary a ‘place’ but that photography is a good way of narrating its condition as a support to other more quantifiable approaches.The definitive version is available at http://articulo.revues.org/599
‘So they hit each other’: Gendered constructions of domestic abuse in the YouTube commentary of the Depp v Heard trial
Get PDFThis study presents a critical discourse analysis of YouTube comments below five videos of the Johnny Depp v Amber Heard trial, which was live streamed by the platform in April and May 2022. The analysis examines the discursive resources used by commenters to construct domestic abuse. Commenters draw on three interpretive repertoires: ‘Perfect Victim’, ‘Mutual Abuse’ and ‘Dangerous Women’. The analysis explores the way these repertoires are used to rebut Heard’s allegations of abuse by mobilising the perfect victim repertoire to refute any claim she has to this experience, and the mutual abuse repertoire to implicate Heard in the abuse and minimise blame for Depp. Through establishing gender-symmetry in domestic abuse and drawing on traditional gender norms for each party, commenters construct the dangerous women repertoire to depict Heard as crazy, pathological and violent. The key implication of this study is that public constructions of domestic abuse can directly impact the attitudes and treatment of both victims and perpetrators. In this instance, they serve to maintain the oppression and control of women within anti-feminist narratives of female dominance, currently led by men’s rights activists and conservative outlets
Building information modeling (BIM) in project management: A bibliometric and science mapping review
Get PDFPurpose: The impact of building information modeling (BIM) on various aspects of project management has attracted much attention in the past decade. However, previous studies have focused on a particular facet of project management (e.g., safety, quality, facility management) and within identified target journals. Despite numerous existing studies, there is limited research on the mainstream research topics, gaps and future research directions on BIM in project management. This study aims to conduct a bibliometric and science mapping review of published articles on BIM in project management and to identify mainstream research topics, research gaps and future research directions in this domain. Design/methodology/approach: A science mapping approach consisting of bibliometric search, scientometric analysis and qualitative discussion was used to analyze 521 journal articles that were retrieved from the Scopus database and related to BIM in project management. In the scientometric analysis, keyword co-occurrence analysis and document analysis were performed. This was followed by a qualitative discussion that seeks to propose a framework summarizing the interconnection between the mainstream research topics, research gaps and future research directions. Findings: Six mainstream research topics were found including (1) BIM-enabled advanced digital technologies, (2) BIM-based reinforcement and enhancement, (3) BIM and project composition, (4) BIM project elements and attributes, (5) BIM-based collaboration and communication and (6) BIM-based information and data. Moreover, this study discussed six research gaps, namely, (1) integration of BIM and other digital technologies, (2) future maturity of BIM applications in project management, (3) application of BIM in project components and processes, (4) role of BIM application in project elements and attributes, (5) impact of collaboration and communication in BIM application and (6) stability of information and data interaction. Furthermore, future research directions were discussed. Originality/value: The findings and proposed framework contribute to providing a deeper understanding to researchers, policymakers and practitioners in the development of related research and practice in the domain of BIM in project management, thus, promoting digital transformation in project management. Overall, it adds to the global knowledge domain in BIM and promotes the need for digital and data integration, BIM maturity and BIM collaboration
Reading slowly together: Facilitated climate literature book clubs and their potential for engaging young people with climate crisis
Get PDFEngaging young people with the effects and potential future impacts of climate crisis is essential for facilitating the changes required. These topics and their consequences can be overwhelming, and the emotional responses equally diverse, from anxiety to disengagement, but emotional depth can mean deeper levels of engagement. This paper introduces an empirically tested innovative approach to this challenge. Over a three-month period, a cohort of young participants met three times and actively engaged in a structured and facilitated climate-focused book club where they read one book slowly. Their perspectives and experiences in relation to climate crisis within this context became the focal point of a semi-structured narrative focus group. Thematic analysis of this data, conducted by an interdisciplinary team of researchers, yielded key themes encompassing 1) personal reflections, 2) knowledge acquisition, skill development and behavioural changes, 3) connections to others, 4) enthusiasm, inclusion, and support. Subsequently, the discussion delves into the importance of providing opportunities for shared discussions when reading climate literature and the pivotal role and potential of climate literature as a mechanism for personal and collective meaningful engagement with climate crisis
“How can you think about losing your mind?”: A reflexive thematic analysis of adapting the LivDem group intervention for couples and families living with dementia
Get PDFIntroductionDespite the psychological challenges that dementia creates, comparatively little attention has been paid to how individuals or families can be helped to adjust to dementia. One of the few interventions to do this is the Living well with Dementia (LivDem) post-diagnostic course. LivDem focuses on supporting individuals to talk more openly about their dementia. However, while family supporters attend preliminary and follow up sessions, their role is limited and finding a way for them to be more actively involved might enhance the impact of the intervention and make it more flexible. We therefore set out to explore how the current LivDem intervention could be adapted for couples and families. MethodWe completed eleven semi-structured interviews and focus groups with four groups of stakeholders: people living with dementia and their families; LivDem facilitators; researchers in this area; and psychotherapists with experience of working with couples or families living with dementia. Interviews were transcribed and analysed using reflexive thematic analysis.ResultsFour main themes were generated: “Hear the impact on everybody”; People who are “ready to do that”; “It’s such a fine line”; and “You deal with it in your family”. Participants emphasised that the intervention needs to be delivered by willing and skilled facilitators to people who are ready to talk in their family context; and this intervention, in whatever format, needs to be embedded within connected services.ConclusionsStakeholders felt that it would be possible to adapt the LivDem model for couples and families so long as a number of conditions were met. An adapted family or couple version of LivDem has the potential to facilitate improved adaptation to dementia, and to be incorporated into dementia pathways and delivered with the NHS and the voluntary sector. Further research is needed to establish the feasibility of such an intervention
“I couldn't carry on taking a drug like that”: A qualitative study of patient perspectives on side effects from rheumatology drugs
Get PDFObjectives There is growing interest in collecting outcome information directly from patients in clinical trials. This study evaluates what patients with rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases (RMDs) consider important to know about symptomatic side effects they may experience from a new prescription drug. Methods Patients with inflammatory arthritis, who had one or more prescribed drugs for their disease for at least 12 months, participated in focus groups and individual interviews. Discussions were analysed using reflexive thematic analysis. Results We conducted seven focus groups with 34 participants across three continents. We found four overarching and two underpinning themes. The ‘impact on life’ was connected to participants’ ‘daily life’, ‘family life’, ‘work life’ and ‘social life’. In ‘psychological and physical aspects’ participants described ‘limitation to physical function’, ‘emotional dysregulation’ and ‘an overall mental state’. Extra tests, hospital visits and payment for medication were considered a ‘time, energy and financial burden’ of side effects. Participants explained important measurement issues to be ‘severity’, ‘frequency’ and ‘duration’. Underpinning these issues, participants evaluated the ‘benefit–harm balance’ which includes ‘the cumulative burden’ of having several side effects and the persistence of side effects over time. Conclusions In treatment for RMDs, there seems to be an urgent need for feasible measures of patient-reported bother (impact on life and cumulative burden) from side effects and the benefit–harm balance. These findings contribute new evidence in support of a target domain—an outcome that represents the patient voice evaluating the symptomatic treatment-related side effects for people with RMDs enrolled in clinical trials
Recontextualizing the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) framework to higher education online marking
No full textThe Higher Education (HE) sector has faced an exceptional period of complex and fast-moving change, meaning staff have had to quickly adjust their teaching delivery, reconsider how learning outcomes are assessed, and adopt new technologies. Despite significant efforts by HE staff across these areas, the willingness to adopt new tools and technologies is not consistent across all staff cohorts and indeed some researchers suggest that this willingness, or readiness to adopt emerging technologies and educational tools can be shaped by individual differences, attitudes, and social norms. This study focuses on education technology acceptance in HE via a specific university and explores the use of technology enhanced feedback and marking tools, such as online embedded rubrics. Underpinned by the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT), this research project aims to explore the perceptions of staff towards online feedback and marking practices. In turn, the research project considers the relevancy of the UTAUT model in differing / current contexts. Contribution manifests through a) the methodological choice of qualitative semi-structured interviews to explore the UTAUT dimensions, b) the deep contextual understanding of the challenges HE staff face in adopting and implementing new technologies, c) suggested adaptations to UTAUT, and c) recommendations for HE practice
Preservice teachers learning to teach reading using one-to-one tutoring: Does learning ‘stick’ for tutees and tutors?
Get PDFTeaching reading is a key element of initial teacher education programmes in England. This study contributes to the research about the most effective way to ensure preservice teachers have the necessary skills and knowledge to teach reading. One-to-one reading tutoring of children has been demonstrated to have some positive effects on preservice teacher learning, but often the impact on the child of these teacher education initiatives is not considered. This study used a mixed methods, quasi-experimental design to investigate the impact on children’s (n=205) reading of a one-to-one tutoring programme and the impact on the preservice teachers (n=75) who implemented the tutoring as part of their teacher education programme. The study investigated if gains made by children were greater than if they had maintained ‘business as usual’ adaptive classroom teaching and if there was impact on learning beyond the end of the tutoring programme for children and preservice teachers. Results show that the intervention children made statistically significant gains compared to the comparator group (n=44) however, the maintenance of gains for children was not consistent across the treatment group. However, most preservice teachers maintained their skills and knowledge six months following the end of the tutoring