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PERBANDINGAN KONTRAK LUMP SUM DAN UNIT PRICE PADA PELAKSANAAN PEKERJAAN PAGAR (Studi Kasus: Proyek PT. United Tractors Tbk – Jakarta)
Get PDFIn construction projects, contract types play a crucial role in determining project success. This study examines the implementation of Lump Sum and Unit Price contracts in a fence construction project undertaken by PT. United Tractors Tbk in Jakarta. The research identifies the challenges and discrepancies arising from the use of Lump Sum contracts, especially when complete documentation is not available during the bidding process. A descriptive quantitative method is employed to analyze field data, interviews, and surveys with relevant stakeholders.
The findings indicate that the Lump Sum contract led to significant additional work claims amounting to 16% of the initial contract value due to incomplete initial documentation and design changes during execution. The study also compares the Lump Sum contract with a hypothetical Unit Price contract scenario, revealing a potential cost deviation of 22.19%. The evaluation suggests that the Lump Sum contract was less suitable for this project, recommending the Unit Price contract as a more flexible alternative to accommodate changes and uncertainties in construction projects.Dalam proyek konstruksi, jenis kontrak memainkan peran penting dalam menentukan keberhasilan proyek. Penelitian ini mengkaji penerapan kontrak Lump Sum dan Unit Price dalam proyek pembangunan pagar yang dilakukan oleh PT. United Tractors Tbk di Jakarta. Penelitian ini mengidentifikasi tantangan dan ketidaksesuaian yang muncul akibat penggunaan kontrak Lump Sum, terutama ketika dokumentasi yang lengkap tidak tersedia selama proses pelelangan. Metode deskriptif kuantitatif digunakan untuk menganalisis data lapangan, wawancara, dan survei dengan para pemangku kepentingan yang relevan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kontrak Lump Sum menyebabkan klaim pekerjaan tambahan yang signifikan sebesar 16% dari nilai kontrak awal akibat ketidaklengkapan dokumentasi awal dan perubahan desain selama pelaksanaan. Studi ini juga membandingkan kontrak Lump Sum dengan skenario kontrak Unit Price hipotetis, yang mengungkapkan potensi deviasi biaya sebesar 22,19%. Evaluasi menunjukkan bahwa kontrak Lump Sum kurang sesuai untuk proyek ini, dan merekomendasikan kontrak Unit Price sebagai alternatif yang lebih fleksibel untuk mengakomodasi perubahan dan ketidakpastian dalam proyek konstruksi
ANALISA KERUSAKKAN JALAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE BINA MARGA – IRIMETER 2 PADA RUAS JALAN HAMADI – ENTROP KELAPA DUA KOTA JAYAPURA
Get PDFThe International Roughness Index (IRI) is a parameter used to determine the level of unevenness of a road surface in units of m/km. This parameter measures the level of unevenness of the road surface presented in a scale of values that can be the level of damage to the road surface layer felt by the driver. In this study, it is known that the percentage of unevenness conditions that need to be addressed along the Hamadi - Entrop Kelapa Dua Road section (STA.034 + 300 - STA.039 + 300) is 82% good condition with routine maintenance handling suggestions, 18% moderate condition with periodic maintenance handling suggestions. This research identifies and provides suggestions regarding appropriate handling based on the IRI value scale.International Roughness Index (IRI) adalah parameter yang digunakan untuk menentukan tingkat ketidakrataan permukaan jalan dalam satuan m/km. Parameter ini mengukur tingkat ketidakrataan permukaan jalan yang dipresentasikan dalam suatu skala nilai yang dapat tingkat kerusakan lapis permukaan jalan yang dirasakan pengendara. Pada penelitian ini diketahui persentase kondisi ketidakrataan yang perlu ditangani sepanjang ruas Jalan Hamadi – Entrop Kelapa Dua (STA.034+300 – STA.039+300) sebesar 82% kondisi baik dengan Saran penanganan pemeliharaan rutin, sebesar 18% kondisi sedang dengan Saran penanganan pemeliharaan berkala. Penelitian ini mengidentifikasi dan memberikan saran terkait penanganan yang tepat berdasarkan skala nilai IRI
ANALISA DESAIN BETON PRATEGANG TIPE I-GIRDER PADA JEMBATAN SAMOTA
Get PDFSamota Bridge is a bridge crossing the Brang Biji River in Sumbawa Regency, West Nusa Tenggara. Samota Bridge will be redesigned using prestressed concrete with a type of PC I Girder with a span of 80 m and a width of 11 m. The bridge analysis standards used are loading standards for bridges (SNI 1725: 2016) and bridge planning standards against earthquake loads (SNI 2833: 2016). The loading analyzed is the analysis of own load, dead load, additional dead load, temperature influence, shrinkage and creep influence, brake force, earthquake load, wind load, prestress loss analysis, deflection and moment. Then, the reinforcement calculation is carried out on the PC I-Girder to the bridge elastomer planning. The results of the redesigned of the Samota Bridge with a span of 80 m (40+40) obtained the optimum height of the PC I-Girder needed is 2.10 m consisting of 4 tendons 2 on the left and 2 on the right with 12 strands in each tendon. The strands diameter is 15.24 mm and the duct diameter is 85 mm. The dead load (MS) received by PC- I Girder is 636,777.60 kg.m, the additional dead load (MA) received is 59,153.04 kg.m, 406,980 kg.m for "D" lane load, 8,183.25 kg.m for brake force, 3,003.25 kg.m for wind load and 179,378.73 kg.m for earthquake load. The total prestress loss due to anchor friction, friction in the cable, due to creep and shrinkage, relaxation and elastic shortening of concrete was 2,965.79 kN with a prestress loss percentage of 29.63%.Jembatan Samota adalah jembatan yang melintasi Sungai Brang Biji, Kabupaten Sumbawa, Nusa Tenggara Barat. Jembatan Samota akan direncanakan ulang menggunakan beton prategang dengan jenis PC I Girder dengan bentang 80 m dan lebar 11 m. Standar analisis jembatan yang digunakan adalah standar pembebanan untuk jembatan (SNI 1725:2016) dan standar perencanaan jembatan terhadap beban gempa (SNI 2833:2016). Pembebanan yang dianalisa yaitu analisa beban sendiri, beban mati, beban mati tambahan, pengaruh temperatur, pengaruh susut dan rangkak, gaya rem, beban gempa, beban angin, analisa kehilangan prategang, lendutan serta momen. Kemudian, dilakukan perhitungan penulangan pada PC I-Girder sampai kepada perencanaan elastomer jembatan. Hasil dari perencanaan ulang Jembatan Samota dengan bentang 80 m (40+40) didapatkan tinggi optimum PC I-Girder yang dibutuhkan adalah 2.10 m yang terdiri dari 4 tendon 2 di kiri dan 2 di kanan dengan 12 strands pada setiap tendon. Diameter strands 15.24 mm dan diameter duct 85 mm. Beban mati (MS) yang diterima PC- I Girder adalah 636,777.60 kg.m, beban mati tambahan (MA) yang diterima adalah 59,153.04 kg.m, 406,980 kg.m untuk beban lajur “D”, 8,183.25 kg.m untuk gaya rem, 3,003.25 kg.m untuk beban angin dan 179,378.73 kg.m untuk beban gempa. Total kehilangan prategang akibat gesekan angkur, gesekan pada kabel, akibat rangkak dan susut, relaksasi dan perpendekan elastis beton adalah 2,965.79 kN dengan presentase kehilangan prategang 29.63%
PEMETAAN RUTE WISATA RELIGI KABUPATEN SUMENEP
Get PDFReligious tourism especially in the mainland Sumenep district consists of Jami‘ Mosque, Asta Tinggi, Asta Jokotole, Asta Katandur, Asta Gumo’, Asta Yusuf, Asta K. Faqih and Asta Buju' Panaongan. Mapping of religious tourism has not been mapped in detail especially the route, distance and travel time from the city centre to the location of religious tourism in the Sumenep district. The purpose of this study is to determine the route, calculate the distance and travel time of religious tourism from the city centre to religious tourism and between religious tourism in the Sumenep district.
The nearest religious tourism from the city centre is Jami‘ Mosque by 650 meters and the farthest religious tourism distance from the city centre is Asta Buju’ Panaongan by 31,100 meters, while the fastest travel time from the city centre is Jami‘ Mosque by 3 minutes and the longest travel time from the city centre is Asta Buju’ Panaongan by 44 minutes. The closest path between religious tourism Jami‘ Mosque to Asta high with a distance of 2,700 metres and the furthest religious tourism path between religious tourism Asta Yusuf to Asta Buju’ Panaongan with a distance of 43,825 metres. The fastest travel time from Jami‘ Mosque to Asta tinggi is 8 minutes and the longest travel time from Asta Yusuf to Asta Buju’ Panaongan with a travel time of 77 minutes.Wisata religi khusunya yang ada di wilayah daratan kabupaten Sumenep terdiri dari Masjid Jami’, Asta Tinggi, Asta Jokotole, Asta Katandur, Asta Gumo’, Asta Yusuf, Asta K. Faqih dan Asta Buju’ Panaongan. Pemetaan wisata religi belum di petakan secara detail khusunya rute, jarak dan waktu tempuh dari pusat kota ke lokasi wisata religi yang ada di kabupaten Sumenep. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui rute, menghitung jarak dan waktu tempuh wisata religi dari pusat kota ke wisata religi dan antar wisata religi yang ada di kabupaten Sumenep.
Wisata religi terdekat dari pusat kota yaitu Masjid Jami’ sebesar 650 meter dan jarak wisata religi terjauh dari pusat kota yaitu Asta Buju’ Panaongan sebesar 31,100 meter, sedangkan waktu tempuh paling cepat dari pusat kota yaitu Masjid Jami’ sebesar 3 menit dan waktu tempuh terlama dari pusat kota yaitu Asta Buju’ Panaongan sebesar 44 menit. Jalur terdekat antara wisata religi Masjid Jami’ menuju Asta tinggi dengan jarak 2,700 meter dan jalur wisata religi terjauh antara wisata religi Asta Yusuf menuju Asta Buju’ Panaongan dengan jarak 43,825 meter. Waktu tempuh tercepat dari Masjid Jami’ menuju Asta tinggi sebesar 8 menit dan waktu tempuh terlama dari Asta Yusuf menuju Asta Buju’ Panaongan dengan waktu tempuh sebesar 77 menit
PENGARUH LITERASI KEUANGAN, FINANCIAL TECHNOLOGY DAN PERILAKU EKUANGAN TERHADAP KINERJA KEUANGAN UMKM DI KECAMATAN KOTA SUMENEP
Get PDFKinerja keuangan UMKM merupakan cerminan keberhasilan suatu usaha yang diperoleh dari berbagai aktivitas yang dilakukan, dan dengan demikian memberikan gambaran mengenai kelangsungan hidup dan profitabilitas usaha yang bersangkutan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh literasi keuangan, teknologi keuangan, dan perilaku keuangan terhadap kinerja keuangan UMKM di Kecamatan Kota Sumenep, baik secara parsial maupun simultan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kuantitatif dengan pendekatan asosiatif kausal. Populasi penelitian terdiri dari pelaku UMKM yang telah terdaftar di Dinas Koperasi dan UMKM Kabupaten Sumenep yang berjumlah total 70 UMKM. Sampel sebanyak 45 UMKM dipilih dengan menggunakan metode purposive sampling. Penelitian ini menggunakan kombinasi teknik observasi, wawancara, dan penyebaran kuesioner untuk mengumpulkan data. Analisis data dilakukan dengan menggunakan uji regresi linier berganda, uji hipotesis, dan koefisien determinasi. Data diolah dengan menggunakan paket perangkat lunak statistik SPSS. Temuan penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa literasi keuangan, teknologi keuangan, dan perilaku keuangan secara bersama-sama memberikan pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap kinerja keuangan UMKM di Kecamatan Kota Sumenep. Pada tingkat tertentu, literasi keuangan, teknologi keuangan, dan perilaku keuangan memberikan pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap kinerja keuangan UMKM di Kecamatan Kota Sumenep
PERLINDUNGAN KONSUMEN DALAM TRANSAKSI E-COMMERCE PERDAGANGAN INTERNASIONAL TINJAUAN DARI PERSPEKTIF HUKUM PERDATA INTERNASIONAL
Get PDFConsumer protection is a term used to describe the legal protection given to consumers in their efforts to meet their needs from things that could harm the consumers themselves.This research explains how consumers act in dealing with problems and also explains how legal protection is for consumers themselves. This research uses normative methods.Using a statutory approach, this research method focuses on analysis of legal norms, regulations, legal documents and legal principles related to consumer protection in international trade transactions. Parties such as consumers and sellers need to pay attention to the legal system of each country where the contract is made, which is adjusted to the rules of international law
ANALISIS PERATURAN PEMERINTAH NOMOR 26 TAHUN 2023 SEBAGAI BENTUK PERLINDUNGAN DAN PELESTARIAN EKOSISTEM LAUT
Get PDFIn order to optimize the government's policy as written in Law No. 32/2014 on Maritime Affairs, the Indonesian government established Government Regulation No. 26 of 2023 concerning Management of Marine Sedimentation Results. According to the Coordinating Ministry for Maritime Affairs and Investment, this regulation was established with the aim of solving the problem of sedimentation results in the sea and optimizing its use for the benefit of economic welfare and preservation of the marine environment. The author aims to analyze government policies in supporting the maintenance of the carrying capacity of coastal and marine ecosystems in order to achieve the protection and preservation of Indonesia's nature in context of Law Number 27 of 2007 concerning Management of Coastal Areas and Small Islands. There are several problems that cause this policy to be finally established, namely the urgency in handling the life of marine ecosystems related to coral reefs that are covered by sedimentation and deposition results that interfere with the shipping sector. The author will discuss how government regulation No. 26 of 2023 concerning Management of Marine Sedimentation Results can fulfill the urgency that is a concern caused by sedimentation results in the sea. In making this paper, the author uses normative legal research methods. Where in the normative legal research method focuses more on examining the rules, norms and rules in positive law that have a correlation with the problems to be studied. The establishment of a new policy cannot avoid controversy from dissatisfied parties. However, it needs to be realized that this policy is a form of government attention in improving the welfare of the community and preserving marine ecosystems in improving community welfare and preserving marine ecosystems in meeting the needs of the environment and coastal communities
ANALISIS PERJANJIAN PINJAM NAMA PADA JUAL BELI TANAH DITINJAU DARI UNDANG-UNDANG NOMOR 5 TAHUN 1960 Jo. PERATURAN PEMERINTAH NOMOR 24 TAHUN 1997
Get PDFNominee agreement in practice, to have ownership rights to land in Indonesia, legal subjects who do not have the authority to own land with ownership rights, choose to use a nominee agreement. The nominee agreement is used by borrowing someone else's name just only to be recorded on the land certificate, not the owners. This legal research has 2 (two) objectives. First, to analyze and understand the validity and legal consequences of the nominee agreement of buying and selling lands in Indonesia. Second, to analyze dan to understand legal protection to land buyers wich buy lands with a nominee agreement. This research was conducted using normative legal research methods. This type of research is descriptive. Based on the results of research and analysis conducted, the authors obtained 2 (two) results of the discussion. First, UUPA Jo PP 24 of 97 does not recognize and does not accommodate the validity of the nominee agreement on the sale and purchase of land based on Article 19 Paragraph (1) UUPA Jo. Article 32 Paragraph (1) PP 24 of 97 which states that a certificate is a proof of right that applies as a strong means of proof. Article 5 of the UUPA also states that the agrarian law that applies to earth, water and space is customary law. Second, legal protection for land buyers is divided into two, preventive legal protection and repressive legal protection
Kualitas Tidur Berhubungan dengan Kejadian Anemia pada Siswa MTs Pondok Pesantren Terpadu Al-Fauzan Lumajang
No full textThe need for rest and sleep may only be fulfilled somewhat, as experienced by students in Islamic boarding schools. The tight study hours in Islamic boarding schools cause students to pay less attention to rest and sleep. Lack of fulfillment of rest and sleep needs is thought to have an impact on the emergence of physiological and psychological disorders, one of which is anemia. This study aims to explain the relationship between sleep quality and the incidence of anemia in MTs students at the Al-Fauzan Lumajang integrated Islamic boarding school. This research uses an analytical observational design with a cross-sectional approach. The sample in this study consisted of 121 respondents, whom the researchers selected using simple random sampling techniques. Data collection uses the Pittsburgh Quality Sleep Index (PSQI) to measure sleep quality and the Hb meter to measure the incidence of anemia. Data analysis used the Pearson chi-square test. The results of measuring the sleep quality of MTs students at the Al-Fauzan Lumajang Islamic boarding school showed that 92 students, or 76% of the total respondents, had poor sleep quality, and 29 students, or 24% of the total respondents, had good quality. The results of measuring the incidence of anemia showed that 99 students, or 81.8% of the total respondents, had anemia, and 22 people, or 18.2% of the total respondents, did not experience anemia. The results of data analysis show a significant relationship between sleep quality and the incidence of anemia in MTs students at the Al-Fauzan Lumajang integrated Islamic boarding school with ρ-value=0.000<0.05. The results of this study show the importance of paying attention to students' sleep quality in preventing and treating anemia. Sleep improvement measures can be implemented in Islamic boarding schools to improve students' sleep quality and reduce the incidence of anemia
Family Centered Care Berhubungan dengan Kecemasan Anak Usia Prasekolah yang Menjalani Hospitalisasi di UPTD RSUD Jend. Ahmad Yani Metro
No full textBeing sick and being hospitalized is a major crisis for children, while children still have limited coping mechanisms to deal with problems so that children easily experience anxiety about undergoing hospitalization, this condition can affect the immune response and impact the length of the healing process. Efforts that can be made by health workers, especially nurses, to reduce the level of anxiety in children is through family centered care. The aim of this research is to determine the relationship between family centered care and anxiety in preschool aged children undergoing hospitalization. Research design is a correlation study, cross-sectional design. The population in this study were preschool children undergoing hospitalization. The sample used was 58 people. Data analysis in this study was carried out using the Somer's d test.The research results showed that the distribution of family centered care was mostly in the good category (55.2%), and the majority of preschool aged children undergoing hospitalization experienced mild anxiety (62.1%). The results of the analysis show that there is a relationship between family centered care and anxiety in preschool aged children undergoing hospitalization (p-value = 0.001). The correlation coefficient obtained was r 0.413, the direction of the correlation was positive with the strength of the relationship being in the medium category, meaning that the better the family centered care, the anxiety symptoms of pre-school aged children undergoing hospitalization would decrease. It is hoped that family centered care can be implemented optimally to help overcome anxiety problems in children undergoing hospitalization