JeDEM - eJournal of eDemocracy and Open Government
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An electoral exception? Quantum computing-readiness and internet voting
No full textDevelopments in quantum computing may jeopardize the security of internet voting. Such developments could compromise important electoral requirements, including integrity, eligibility, or the secrecy of the vote. Even the contents of a vote cast online today, when quantum computers are not yet known to be available, could be revealed tomorrow. Countries are already working on a post-quantum setting, but elections seem to remain an exception. In this paper, we explore the existing strategies to mitigate the quantum threat or their lack thereof, as well as the views of different stakeholders on these matters. To do so, we have conducted a mix of desk research as well as interviews with 24 experts in different fields, from electoral administrations to cybersecurity agencies, vendors, and academia. We assess their perceptions about quantum computing, its impact on internet voting, and on transitioning towards quantum-resistant cryptography, as well as on interagency cooperation and trust issues. Whereas we initially assumed that elections were an exception in regards to the transition towards post-quantum cryptography, this research shows that the electoral field is neither alone nor the most adequate one to start the implementation of this kind of cryptography
Dynamic capabilities in the public sector: Research agenda in the context of digital transformation
No full textDynamic capabilities, which were initially developed for the private sector but have increasingly been applied to public sector organizations, can be used to frame the analysis of digital transformation. This article considers the research agenda on the capabilities enabling public sector organizations to implement digital transformation, manage multi-stakeholder collaborations, and improve service delivery in a changing environment. There are five emerging areas of dynamic capabilities in the public sector: conceptual discussion, management and performance, measurement frameworks, innovation and public value creation, and digital transformation. Future research agendas should focus on understanding multiple actors involved in the digital transition, and longitudinal and comparative studies
The influence of local government responsiveness and information quality on citizen acceptance of e-participation: An experimental study
No full textDigital citizen participation is becoming increasingly important for improving government-citizen relationship, building active citizenship, and optimizing the efficiency of governments. Despite the potential, there are often far-reaching problems concerning the number and composition of participants, which often fall short of the expectations of local governments. Therefore, for e-participation to be successful, citizens must accept and use it. While numerous empirical studies have analyzed influencing factors such as the socio-demographic characteristics of citizens, the influence of the interaction between local governments and citizens within the procedures has been neglected. This article attempts to investigate the extent to which employee responsiveness and information quality influence citizens' acceptance of e-participation. Using an experimental design, the study confirms the influence of both factors
Factors influencing the adoption of electronic identity in Nigeria
No full text Despite its benefits, adopting electronic identification in Nigeria has been slow. This study aims to identify the factors influencing electronic identification adoption in Nigeria using the Technology Acceptance Model and self-determination theory as bases. The model was expanded to include digital literacy, access to information and communications technology, perceived credibility, and trust. A total of 692 responses were collected using a questionnaire distributed using convenience sampling. The data was analysed using partial least squares structural equation modelling. The findings indicate that the strongest factor affecting the adoption of electronic identification is perceived credibility, followed by perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use. Furthermore, electronic identification adoption is also predicted significantly by digital literacy, trust, and perceived autonomy. However, access to information and communications technology was found to have no significant impact on electronic identification adoption, while perceived cultural influence had a negative effect. These findings provide insights into the factors influencing electronic identification adoption in Nigeria and suggest strategies to increase adoption rates
Multilevel perspective for the diffusion of e-democracy implementation: A systematic literature review
No full textInformation and communication technology has been identified as a viable means of addressing the societal issue of disconnection among e-democracy participants. Apart from the ongoing normative debate concerning the potential of information and communication technology to facilitate e-democratic processes, much research has been dedicated to examining the broad spectrum of specific e-democracy tools that have been multi-disciplinary and fragmented in recent years. Remarkably, however, the potential of technology diffusion and its impact on implementing e-democracy in cyberspace has not yet received adequate attention. The key issue for the sustainability of e-democracy is technology accessibility, which is also a central factor in technology diffusion. This systematic literature review seeks to structure and systematise the literature on the different phases of e-democracy implementation technology diffusion (adoption, implementation, and institutionalisation) and levels of analysis (macro, meso, and micro) with the aims of, firstly, mapping the current field of e-democracy technology diffusion research and, secondly, providing a unique study for use in future research. The analysis indicated that researchers have primarily focused on the adoption and implementation stages, as well as the external information and communication technology environment at the macro level and the organisational level at the meso level within public administrations. In general, this review highlights major gaps in the current literature and proposes viable avenues for further research
E-petitions and mobilisation dynamics: The importance of local anchoring: An environmental case study in France and Belgium
No full textE-petitioning is a useful object of study for observing the potential emergence of a new relationship to politics and new forms of political participation. Access to a database, such as that found on the website lapetition.be, allows us to focus on the reality of the signatories’ behaviour rather than on their declarations. We explore the crucial role of local anchoring in the effectiveness of e-petitions as a tool for mobilization within the context of environmental issues. Our research presents a comprehensive case study conducted in France and Belgium, analyzing the dynamics and outcomes of e-petitions focused on environmental concerns. We examine the impact of local engagement, considering geographical, social, and cultural factors that influence the success and effectiveness of online mobilization efforts.
Our results highlight the benefits of localized engagement in mobilizing citizens and fostering collective action by examining specific case studies in France and Belgium. We also delve into the mechanisms and processes through which e-petitions can trigger mobilization, ranging from social network effects to emotional resonance and issue salience. Last, we analyze how e-petitions can effectively serve as a catalyst for change in environmental policy and promote sustainable practices
Investigating transparency dimensions for internet voting
No full textWhile internet voting is argued to have the potential to improve election processes, concerns about security risks remain one of its main adoption barriers. These concerns are furthermore aggravated by the lack of transparency of internet voting systems that are often perceived as a “black box”. Moreover, there is a research gap in conceptualising transparency and studying voters’ attitudes towards transparency in internet voting. In this work, we aim to address this gap by (1) Conducting a systematic literature review, from which we identified five dimensions of transparency; (2) Developing a questionnaire (Transparency Dimensions of internet voting, TDIV) to assess voters’ attitudes regarding the correlation of these dimensions with transparency; and (3) Conducting an online study (N=500) to investigate voters’ attitudes towards transparency in internet voting. We conclude that providing information about the security of the internet voting system, testing it by independent experts for security vulnerabilities prior to the election, monitoring the election process and verifying its integrity, and providing a remedy for security breaches while holding the responsible parties accountable, are perceived by voters as necessary, and enhance transparency in internet voting systems
Open government through public complaint management: Success stories from the Jakarta Provincial government
No full textThe relationship between open government and public complaints is closely related to transparency, accountability, and public participation in government. The following are some relationships between the two: Transparency in open government aims to increase transparency in providing public information, including information related to public complaints. It allows the public to access information related to public services and the complaints process. Public participation in open government encourages active public participation in the decision-making process. With an open and transparent public complaints mechanism, the public can participate by providing input, submitting complaints, or providing suggestions for improving public services. Accountability in open government emphasizes government accountability to the public. By integrating the public complaint system within the open government framework, the government can more easily be held accountable for handling and following up on complaints. In terms of service innovation and improvement, the government can identify possible problems in public services and take steps to improve the efficiency, quality, and responsiveness of these services by collecting data and information from public complaints. Thus, open government and public complaints support each other to create an environment that is more transparent, participatory, accountable, and responsive to public needs