JeDEM - eJournal of eDemocracy and Open Government
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Leveraging virtual organizations for e-government effectiveness: A case study of Indonesia’s SP4N-LAPOR! program
No full textZusammenfassung:Virtuelle Organisationen sind entscheidend für die Steigerung der Effektivität von E-Government-Systemen, indem sie Prozesse optimieren, die Koordination verbessern und Transparenz fördern. Diese Studie untersucht, wie virtuelle Organisationen innerhalb von SP4N-LAPOR!, dem indonesischen Beschwerdemanagementsystem für öffentliche Dienstleistungen, optimiert werden können. Mithilfe eines qualitativen Ansatzes und der Analyse sekundärer Daten werden zentrale Herausforderungen identifiziert, darunter Koordinationsineffizienzen, technologische Lücken, Widerstand gegen Veränderungen und Risiken in der Cybersicherheit. Die Ergebnisse betonen die Bedeutung der Stärkung der IKT-Infrastruktur, der Verbesserung der Systeminteroperabilität, der Qualifizierung von Mitarbeitern mit digitalen Kompetenzen und der Umsetzung robuster Cybersicherheitsmaßnahmen. Darüber hinaus kann die Integration fortschrittlicher Technologien wie KI und Blockchain die betriebliche Effizienz und Transparenz weiter steigern. Die Studie kommt zu dem Schluss, dass die Bewältigung dieser Herausforderungen in Kombination mit der Förderung der Bürgerbeteiligung das volle Potenzial virtueller Organisationen ausschöpfen kann, um die Effektivität von E-Government zu steigern und das Vertrauen in öffentliche Dienstleistungen zu stärken.
Schlagwörter: digitale Governance, E-Government, Optimierung öffentlicher Dienstleistungen, SP4N-LAPOR!, virtuelle OrganisationenVirtual organizations are crucial in improving e-government effectiveness by streamlining processes, enhancing coordination, and promoting transparency. This study explores how virtual organizations can be optimized within SP4N-LAPOR!, Indonesia’s public service complaint management system. Using a qualitative approach and secondary data analysis, it identifies key challenges, including coordination inefficiencies, technological gaps, resistance to change, and cybersecurity risks. Key findings show that SP4N-LAPOR! has significantly improved interagency collaboration, accelerated complaint resolution, and increased transparency in public service delivery. The study emphasizes the importance of strengthening ICT infrastructure, improving system interoperability, equipping employees with digital skills, and implementing robust cybersecurity measures. It also highlights that adopting technologies such as AI and blockchain can enhance scalability and accountability. The practical implications include the need for adaptive governance frameworks, targeted capacity-building initiatives, and inclusive citizen engagement strategies to sustain digital transformation. Overall, the study provides actionable insights for policymakers seeking to improve e-government systems through virtual organizational models
Sentiment analysis using unsupervised learning for local government elections in South Africa
No full textThis study examines public sentiment during the 2021 South African local government election campaign by analysing Twitter posts. The research uses advanced techniques such as fine-tuned RoBERTa model, VADER, and TextBlob to assess the sentiments of tweets about four political parties, addressing the difficulties of understanding political sentiment on social media. The research also distinguishes tweets from real human users and those from chatbots, employing the K-Means method to detect suspicious activity. To gain deeper insights into the analysis, OpenAI GPT is employed for dataset labelling and managing class imbalance. The results show that sentiment varied significantly over time, with the fine-tuned RoBERTa model providing the most accurate analysis. The results further indicated that most tweets came from real human users, with a small number from bots, which tended to be negative. The findings offer useful insights for shaping political campaigns based on public sentiment trends
Implementing e-participation platforms to enhance citizen engagement and participation within South African municipalities
No full textThe success of e-participation initiatives across South African municipalities hinges upon a nuanced comprehension and roles of the complex interplay between political, social, and technological factors. With the aid of an in-depth literature review, this study explores e-participation initiatives and their progress in strengthening the governance of South African municipalities. Using the content analysis technique, this study reveals that there is a serious lack of digital infrastructure and that digital gaps and lack of proper research addressing these problems between urban and rural municipalities contribute to inadequate Information and Communication Technology (ICT) strategies to improve citizen engagement and participation in governance processes. From this perspective, this study recommends an urgent need to undertake deliberate awareness campaigns to promote the use of e-participation platforms; and identify the citizens’ needs and concerns to formulate locally preferred content and design inclusive policies to strengthen the order of local governance
Unifying the fragmented landscape of electronic public procurement research: A systematic review and future directions
No full textDespite the considerable body of research in the arena of electronic public procurement (e-PP), most of the literature is in fragmented form due to the non-availability of a recent structured review of these studies. Therefore, the purpose of this paper was to organize, evaluate, and synthesize electronic public procurement research during the last 24 years. This paper also aims to provide some insight into the future direction of this research domain. In order to achieve this, a systematic review was conducted. A total of 37 articles were systematically identified and analyzed following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. The findings revealed four main areas of investigation of e-PP research: adoption and acceptance of e-PP; implementation challenges and success factors; impacts of e-PP implementation; and evaluation of e-PP technology. Moreover, a notable variation in the usage of theories, models, and frameworks was identified across the four areas. Additionally, a conceptual framework was developed, integrating the fragmented findings presented across the four key research areas. As far as the authors are aware, this is the first systematic review with a specific focus on electronic procurement in the public sector, particularly on the state-of-the-art usage of theories in this research arena. In terms of implications for future researchers, this review highlights unexplored areas within each subdomain, along with potential theoretical advancements
Strengthening democracy: The capacity of AI-powered insights for enhancing policy deliberation and transparency
No full textThe global decline in democratic governance suggests that more innovative approaches are required if civic engagement in the process of policy development is to be enhanced or maintained. This research explores the role of generative artificial intelligence and natural language processing in this context through a case study of three Canadian parliamentary Bills: Bill C-12 (Canada Net-Zero Emissions Accountability Act), Bill S-211 (Fighting Against Forced Child Labour in Supply Chains Act), and Bill C-18 (Online News Act). Using Python-based tools and OpenAI’s 4o-mini, this study analyses transcripts of parliamentary debates to extract key argumentative themes and to generate policy recommendations. AI-generated recommendations are then compared with the actual content of the Bills, identifying areas of alignment, complementarity, and divergence. The findings demonstrate AI's potential to provide an analytical lens on legislative processes, surfacing underemphasised arguments and revealing alternative policy dimensions; aspects often absent in final legislation. Ultimately, this study underscores AI's capacity to augment, rather than replace, traditional governance methods, offering a pathway to strengthen the quality and transparency of democratic deliberation
Development of effective methods and tools for the auditing AI algorithms by Supreme Audit Institutions
No full textThis article proposes an AI Audit Framework for Supreme Audit Institutions, focusing on public sector usage. It addresses the need for transparency, fairness, accountability, and alignment with ethical and legal requirements. The authors discuss the rise of AI, particularly generative AI and large language models, underscore the evolving regulatory environment, and identify a gap in existing AI audit processes. The article draws on international standards and best practices to offer a methodology for auditing AI algorithms across their entire lifecycle, including risk categorization, data governance, and bias assessment. It also details how generative AI poses new challenges that require specialized guidelines. Recommendations highlight interdisciplinary collaboration and continuous skill development to ensure responsible AI governance
The impact of e-government on public services: Access, efficiency, and quality in Kathmandu metropolitan city
No full textDiese Studie untersucht die Auswirkungen von E-Government-Diensten auf die Bereitstellung öffentlicher Dienste in der Kathmandu Metropolitan City, mit einem Schwerpunkt auf dem Electronic Building Permit System (e-BPS). Die Forschung nutzt sowohl quantitative als auch qualitative Methoden, um die Wahrnehmung der Bürger hinsichtlich des Zugangs zu Diensten, ihrer Qualität und Effizienz zu analysieren. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass E-Government-Initiativen die Bereitstellung von Diensten erheblich verbessert haben, obwohl es weiterhin Herausforderungen hinsichtlich der Benutzerbeteiligung und der Systemzugänglichkeit gibt. Diese Erkenntnisse tragen zum Verständnis der Rolle von E-Government in der Stadtverwaltung bei und bieten Erkenntnisse für politische Entscheidungsträger und Stadtplaner.This study examines the impact of e-government services on public service delivery in Kathmandu Metropolitan City, with a focus on the Electronic Building Permit System (e-BPS). The research utilises both quantitative and qualitative methods to analyse citizens' perceptions of service access, quality, and efficiency. Results indicate that e-government initiatives have significantly enhanced service delivery, though challenges remain in user participation and system accessibility. These findings contribute to understanding e-government's role in urban governance, providing insights for policymakers and urban planners
Editorial - Volume 17, Issue 1
No full textThe editorial comprises information on the published articles as well as new information regarding the activities around JeDEM
Exploring the interconnected dynamics of the digital divide, cybersecurity, and trust in enhancing e-democracy effectiveness
No full textE-democracy is born of the undeniable transformation that has occurred in governance as a result of digital technologies, constituting part and parcel now, even more than ever before. It proposes to improve citizen participation, transparency, and inclusiveness in decision-making practices. However, its implementation faces various challenges, including the digital divide, cybersecurity and privacy concerns, institutional resistance, and socio-cultural barriers. In this paper, we critically scrutinize these barriers and their strategic resolutions that are well discerned in the ecosystem of sustainable digital governance (SDG) by considering the technology development of democratic values. Grounded in multiple theoretical frameworks and illustrated by recent case examples, the paper argues for a more holistic set of considerations, including inclusivity, transparency, security, adaptability, and collaboration. The study concludes that addressing these challenges is essential for ensuring that e-democracy contributes to more equitable and resilient governance systems. The paper closes by proposing directions for future empirical research to validate and refine strategies for sustainable digital governance across varied socio-political contexts
Offering services and self-service in intelligent public administration
No full textSelf-service and offering services in public administration is a new concept that should be the basis of its service in the future. Here, we present a concept that should enable not only more efficient service but also the satisfaction of service users. Especially because it would provide them with the option to choose. To implement this concept effectively, it is necessary to implement intelligent public administration that can provide it. For this, we need knowledge bases and intelligent software agents. We will list some of the tools for implementing knowledge bases, and in one tool, we will create an appropriate database. We will use it to present the process of offering services. Here, we will mention the process of forwarding the "Birth Certificate" - a birth certificate that is part of self-service. We will mention offering a "Criminal Record Certificate" and "Title deed" as an example of offering services. These are a unique public administration data warehouse and a necessary means for user identification. There are also necessary legal prerequisites for implementing and using self-service and offering services in intelligent public administration