Online Journal Universitas Bangka Belitung
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ANALISA BENDING STRESS PADA FILAMEN ABS TERHADAP ARAH CETAKAN 3D PRINTING TIPE FDM
Get PDFTeknologi Rapid Prototyping (RP) terus berkembang pesat dan memiliki peran penting di berbagai sektor. Salah satu metode yang digunakan dalam teknologi ini adalah Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM), yang melibatkan proses melelehkan bahan termoplastik dengan menggunakan mekanisme ekstruder. Mesin pencetak 3D tipe FDM mengendalikan pergerakan nozzle secara komputerisasi, yang menghasilkan berbagai arah gerakan, termasuk sejajar dengan sumbu x (0°), y (90°), dan juga diagonal (45°). Perbedaan dalam arah ini memiliki dampak pada karakteristik mekanis dari kekuatan lentur pada cetakan yang dihasilkan. Penelitian ini melibatkan pengujian tekan (Bending test) sesuai dengan standar ASTM D790 dengan menggunakan mesin pengujian Beste KJ-1065. Spesimen pengujian dibuat dalam tiga jenis yang berbeda, dengan pengaturan arah nozzle yang memiliki perbedaan sudut external infill angle offset dan internal infill angle offset, yaitu pada sudut 0° (sejajar sumbu X), 45° (sejajar diagonal), dan 90° (sejajar sumbu Y). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa arah nozzle pada mesin pencetak 3D tipe FDM juga mempengaruhi kekuatan tekan/lentur produk yang dihasilkan. Kekuatan tekan/lentur maksimum terbesar ditemukan pada produk dengan arah nozzle 0°, mencapai 65.21 MPa, sementara yang terendah terjadi pada produk dengan arah nozzle 90° dalam kondisi horizontal, mencapai 45.18 MPa.
Kata kunci : Rapid prototyping, 3D Printing, Fused Deposition ModellingRapid Prototyping (RP) technology is rapidly advancing and plays a crucial role in various sectors. One of the methods used in this technology is Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM), which involves the process of melting thermoplastic material using an extrusion mechanism. FDM-type 3D printers control nozzle movements through computerization, resulting in various directions of movement, including parallel to the x-axis (0°), y-axis (90°), and diagonal (45°). Differences in these directions impact the mechanical characteristics of flexural strength in the produced prints. This research involves a bending test according to ASTM D790 standards, using the Beste KJ-1065 testing machine. Test specimens were created in three different types, with nozzle direction settings that differ in external infill angle offset and internal infill angle offset, specifically at 0° (parallel to the X-axis), 45° (parallel to the diagonal), and 90° (parallel to the Y-axis). The research results show that the nozzle direction in FDM-type 3D printers also influences the flexural strength of the produced products. The highest flexural strength was found in products with a 0° nozzle direction, reaching 65.21 MPa, while the lowest occurred in products with a 90° nozzle direction in the horizontal condition, reaching 45.18 MPa.
Key words : Rapid prototyping, 3D Printing, Fused Deposition Modellin
KARAKTERISASI MORFOLOGIS BETTA EDITHAE YANG TERDAPAT DI KABUPATEN BANGKA TENGAH DAN KABUPATEN BANGKA SELATAN
Get PDFBetta edithae is one of the native freshwater fish species found on Bangka Island. This species has the potential to be developed as an ornamental fish because it has a unique and attractive body shape. However, its presence in nature is currently threatened by environmental degradation, habitat loss or change, introduction of foreign fish and overexploitation. The existence of Betta edithae species in Bangka Island, especially in Central Bangka and South Bangka districts, has never been reported scientifically. Therefore, the description of Betta edithae species in Central Bangka Regency and South Bangka Regency needs to be analyzed based on morphological aspects. This study aims to determine the morphological characteristics of Betta edithae species found in Central Bangka and South Bangka. The research method was carried out qualitatively with an exploratory descriptive approach. The results of the study show that the morphological characterization of Betta edithae found in Central Bangka and South Bangka districts shows that both fish have the same morphology. Morphometric character measurements of Betta edithae fish found in Central Bangka and South Bangka show that Betta edithae fish found in Central Bangka have a total length of 4.36 cm, which is greater than Betta edithae found in South Bangka. The meristic characters of Betta edithae fish found in the Central Bangka district are D.I.8, A.23, P.8, V.I.4, C.12. The meristic characters of Betta edithae fish found in South Bangka district are D.I.7, A.23, P.6, V.1.4, C.12
PENINGKATAN POPULASI PAKAN ALAMI Daphnia sp DENGAN MEDIA AMPAS TAHU DAN EKSTRAK JAHE PADA KOMPOSISI YANG BERBEDA
Get PDFDaphnia sp is a small aquatic organism that is rich in nutrients and is generally used as a potential natural food because of its high nutritional content. Challenges in fish farming arise because the availability of Daphnia sp is not always stable. As an alternative solution, tofu dregs and ginger extract are used as a source of protein and nutrition for Daphnia sp. Tofu dregs contain protein from soybean starch, while ginger extract contains immunostimulants. This study aims to evaluate the population density and growth rate of Daphnia sp by using media with tofu dregs and ginger extract with certain variations in composition. This research was carried out in Gopaan Sembunganyar Dukun-Gresik Hamlet in April-May 2024. The research method used was an experimental approach with a Completely Randomized Design (RAL), consisting of 3 treatments which were repeated 3 times, so that a total of 9 experimental units were obtained. Each treatment used a water volume of 8 liters with a Daphnia density of 20 individuals per liter. The parameters observed were temperature, pH, amonia, protein, fat and carbohydrate concentrations. The research results showed that the activity of providing Tofu Dregs and Ginger Extract had a significant influence on population density and growth of Daphnia sp. Treatment P2 showed the highest results with a density reaching 2653 ind.Lˉ¹, growth rate of 33.17%, protein content of 33.17%, fat content of 8.99%, and carbohydrate content of 53.36%.
Keywords: Tofu dregs, Daphnia sp, ginger extract, growth, natural foo
KAJIAN PEMASARAN KARET RAKYAT KECAMATAN BATIN XXIV KABUPATEN BATANGHARI
Get PDFPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran pelaksanaan pemasaran karet Kecamatan Batin XXIV Kabupaten Batanghari. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Kecamatan Batin XXIV Kabupaten Batanghari pada bulan Desember 2022 – Januari 2023 dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 50 orang petani. Penarikan sampel petani menggunakan metode acak sederhana (Simple Random Sampling) sedangkan penentuan sampel lembaga pemasaran menggunakan metode snowball sampling. Alat analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bokar yang diperjual belikan petani berbentuk slab. Penentuan kadar karet kering (KKK) dilakukan dengan penaksiran secara visual. Pemasaran bokar secara garis besar terbagi menjadi dua yaitu melalui perantara UPPB dan melalui pedagang pengumpul. Terdapat 4 saluran pemasaran bokar di Kecamatan Batin XXIV. Fungsi pemasaran yang dilakukan oleh lembaga pemasaran di daerah penelitian meliputi fungsi pertukaran, fungsi fisik dan fungsi fasilitas.This research is aimed to determine the description of the implementation of rubber marketing in Batin XXIV District, Batanghari Regency. This research was carried out in Batin XXIV District, Batanghari Regency in December 2022 - January 2023 with a sample size of 50 farmers. The research was done in survay, sample farmers were chosen in simple random sampling method (Simple Random Sampling) while the sample of marketing institutions using the snowball sampling method. The data was analized in descriptive method. The research results showed that the bokar traded by farmers was slab-shaped. Determination of dry rubber content (KKK) is done by visual assessment. Marketing of bokar is broadly divided into two, namely through UPPB intermediaries and through intermediary traders. There are 4 marketing channels for bokar in Batin XXIV District. The marketing functions carried out by marketing institutions in the research area include exchange functions, physical functions and facility functions
Pemanfaatan Acces Right Oleh Pihak Asing Di Zona Ekonomi Eksklusif Indonesia
Get PDFPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk meninjau tentang ketentuan access right yang dapat dimanfaatkan oleh kapal perikanan asing di wilayah Zona Ekonomi Eksklusif Indonesia. Mengingat dalam ketentuan UNCLOS 1982 memberikan kesempatan bagi negara lain khususnya bagi landlock state dan geographically disadvantage state untuk memanfaatkan Zona Ekonomi Eksklusif milik coastal state. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam menulis artikel ini yakni yuridis normatif. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, pemanfaatan access right oleh kapal perikanan asing ini dapat dilaksanakan berdasarkan UNCLOS 1982 serta wajib tunduk dengan regulasi nasional Pemerintah Indonesia yakni melalui Undang-Undang Nomor 45 Tahun 2009. Access right hanya bisa dipergunakan oleh pihak asing apabila negara pantai telah memenuhi ketentuan yang ditetapkan dalam konvensi dan memperhatikan kepentingan nasionalnya terhadap kebutuhan pangan di bidang perikanan. Sehingga kewajiban negara pantai dalam membuka access right yang tertuang dalam konvensi tidak serta merta dapat terlaksana jika pemerintah negara Indonesia belum maksimal dalam melaksanakan regulasi internasional dan nasional.This study aims to review the access right provisions that can be utilized by oreign fishing vessels in the territory of Indonesia's Exclusive Economic Zone. Given that the provisions of UNCLOS 1982 provide an opportunity for other countries, especially for landlocked states and geographically disadvantaged states to take advantage of the Exclusive Economic Zone belonging to the coastal state. The research method used in writing this article is normative juridical. Based on the results of the study, the use of access right by foreign fishing vessels can be carried out based on konvention and must comply with national regulations of the Government of Indonesia, namely through Fisheries Act. Access rights can only be used by foreign parties if the coastal state has complied with the provisions stipulated in the convention and takes into account its national interest in food needs in the field of fisheries. So that the obligation of the coastal state in opening the access right as stated in the convention cannot necessarily be carried out if the Indonesian state government has not been optimal in implementing international and national regulations
Analisis Komparasi Kandungan Vitamin Anggur Laut (Caulerpa lentillifera) Antara Hasil Budidaya Terkontrol Dengan Hasil Dari Alam
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Seaweed has various genera, one of which is the Caulerpa genus or known as sea grapes. This research aims to determine the highest content of vitamins A, C, and E in Caulerpa lentillifera between cultivation and nature. The HPLC content test results detected in cultivated C. lentillifera were only vitamin E with a content value of 0.97 mg/100 gr, while vitamin A and vitamin C could not be detected. The HPLC test results for vitamin content in C. lentillifera from nature detected vitamin A with a value of 57.07 mg/100 gr and vitamin E 0.86 mg/100 gr, while vitamin C content could not be detected. Air quality parameters in cultivation ponds range from 27-31℃, pH 7.9-9.7, salinity 29-33 ppt, nitrate 0.1-2.5 mg/l and phosphate 0.1-2.0 mg/l. Parameters in the water of the Serangan area range from temperature 28-31℃, pH 9.0-10.3, salinity 30-32 ppt, nitrate 0.1-0.2 mg/l, and phosphate 0.1-0.5 mg/l.Rumput laut memiliki berbagai genus salah satunya dari genus Caulerpa atau dikenal dengan anggur laut. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui kandungan tertinggi pada vitamin A, C, dan E Caulerpaentillifera antara budidaya serta dari alam. Hasil Uji HPLC kandungan yang terdeteksi pada C. lentillifera yang di budidaya hanya vitamin E dengan nilai kandungan 0,97 mg/100 gr, untuk vitamin A dan vitamin C tidak dapat terdeteksi. Hasil uji HPLC kandungan vitamin pada C. lentillifera dari alam kandungan vitamin yang terdeteksi yaitu vitamin A dengan nilai 57,07 mg/100 gr dan vitamin E 0,86 mg/100 gr, sedangkan untuk kandungan vitamin C tidak dapat terdeteksi. Parameter kualitas air pada kolam budidaya suhu berkisar suhu 27-31℃, pH 7,9-9,7, salinitas 29-33 ppt, Nitrat 0,1-2,5 mg/l serta fosfat 0,1-2,0 mg/l. Parameter pada perairan daerah Serangan berkisar suhu 28-31℃, pH 9,0-10,3, salinitas 30-32 ppt, Nitrat 0,1-0,2 mg/l, dan fosfat 0,1-0,5 mg/l
Pemetaan Stakeholder Dalam Peningkatan Kesejahteraan Masyarakat Nelayan Di Pulau Pasaran Kelurahan Kota Karang, Kota Bandar Lampung
Get PDFStakeholder yang terlibat dalam peningkatan kesejahteraan rumah tangga masyarakat nelayan memiliki peran sangat penting dan saling bersinergi dalam pelaksanan kebijakan. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk memetakan stakeholder yang terlibat dalam upaya peningkatan kesejahteraan masyarakat nelayan di Pulau Pasaran Kelurahan Kota Karang Kota Bandar Lampung. Pengumpulan data dilakukan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif melalui wawancara mendalam dan studi dokumentasi. Metode analisis data dilakukan secara deskriptif untuk memetakan stakeholder yang terlibat berdasarkan kepentingan dan pengaruhnya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa yang berperan sebagai players adalah Pemerintah Provinsi Lampung, Pemerintah Kota Bandar Lampung, Dinas Perikanan Kota Bandar Lampung, karena stakeholders tersebut memiliki kepentingan sekaligus pengaruh yang sangat kuat. Stakeholder yang berperan sebagai context setter yaitu Kementrian Kelautan Perikanan Anggota Legislatif, tokoh masyarakat, LSM, Penyedia barang dan Jasa, Kepolisian dan TNI, Perguruan Tinggi, karena stakeholders tersebut memiliki pengaruh yang besar tetapi kepentingan yang rendah. Peran stakeholder dengan kategori subject adalah nelayan kecil yaitu nelayan buruh dan buruh pengolah ikan, nelayan besar dan tengkulak. Nelayan merupakan stakeholder yang memiliki kepentingan yang tinggi, tetapi tidak memiliki pengaruh yang kuat. Stakeholder yang berkategori crowd adalah Camat Teluk Betung Timur, Lurah Kota Karang, perangkat Lingkungan dan RT di kelurahan Kota Karang, karena stakeholder, agar harapan dari pemerintah terhadap pemberian program tersebut dapat terealisasi dan kesejahteraan masyarakat nelayan semakin meningkat. Selain itu, pemberdayaan masyarakat juga dapat dilakukan melalui pengembangan kapasitan nelayan kecil dan informasi pendukung dalam penggunaan alat tangkap yang lebih berkembang dengan melakukan pelatihan entrepreneur, pengembangan keterampilan dan keahlian untuk para nelayan di Pulau Pasaran Kelurahan Kota Karang Kota Bandar Lampung.The purpose of this study was to map the stakeholders involved in efforts to improve the welfare of fishing communities on Pasaran Island, Kota Karang Village, Bandar Lampung City. The data analysis method was carried out descriptively to map the stakeholders involved based on their interests and influence. The results showed that the players were the Lampung Provincial Government, Bandar Lampung City Government, Bandar Lampung City Fisheries Service, because these stakeholders have a very strong interest and influence. Stakeholders who act as context setters are the Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries, Legislative Members, community leaders, NGOs, Goods and Services Providers, Police and TNI, Universities, because these stakeholders have great influence but low importance. The role of stakeholders with the subject category is small fishermen, namely labor fishermen and fish processing laborers, large fishermen and middlemen. Fishermen are stakeholders who have a high interest, but do not have a strong influence. Stakeholders in the crowd category are the Head of East Teluk Betung Sub-District, Head of Kota Karang Village, Neighborhood and RT officials in Kota Karang Village, because stakeholders, so that the expectations of the government for the provision of the program can be realized and the welfare of the fishing community will increase. In addition, community empowerment can also be carried out through developing the capacities of small fishermen and supporting information in the use of more developed fishing gear by conducting entrepreneurial training, developing skills and expertise for fishermen on Pasaran Island
Evaluasi Reklamasi Laut PT Timah Tbk Program Artificial Reef Di Perairan Rebo Kabupaten Bangka
Get PDFPerairan laut Rebo masih dalam kawasan studi AMDAL PT TIMAH Tbk yang merupakan area terdampak kegiatan penambangan timah di laut. Program reklamasi laut dengan penenggelaman modul artificial reef merupakan upaya untuk merehabilitasi habitat ikan dan organisme lainnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan melakukan evaluasi program reklamasi laut PT TIMAH Tbk program artificial reef. Penelitian dilakukan bulan Maret-Juli 2024 pada lokasi penenggelaman modul artificial reef Tahun Kewajiban 2019, 2021, dan 2023. Metode pengambilan data ikan menggunakan modifikasi dari Belt Transect. Metode perhitungan biomassa dimodifikasi dengan menambahkan beberapa suku ikan yang merupakan ikan target yang bernilai ekonomi. Lokasi modul artificial reef Tahun Kewajiban 2021 dengan jumlah jenis ikan terbanyak (40 jenis), H’ tertinggi (3,20), dan biomassa terberat (2.908,80kg/ha). Rentang nilai keanekaragaman di semua lokasi berkisar antara 1,80-3,20 masuk dalam kriteria “sedang” dan “tinggi”. Rentang nilai indeks dominasi berkisar 0,06-0,36 masuk dalam kriteria “sedang”. Rentang nilai keseragaman berkisar 0,34-0,53 masuk dalam kriteria “sedang” dan “rendah”. Rentang nilai biomassa ikan berkisar 129,66-2.908,80 kg/ha. Semakin lama modul artificial reef ditenggelamkan jenis ikan yang bergerombol semakin meningkat serta jenis ikan target berkurang karena kegiatan penangkapan. Kriteria nilai hasil analisis mengacu pada kriteria perhitungan untuk habitat alami (terumbu karang). Peneliti menyarankan Kriteria nilai spesifik untuk habitat buatan pada kondisi lingkungan yang terganggu (kegiatan penambangan laut).This study aims to evaluate the PT TIMAH Tbk sea reclamation program, specifically the artificial reef program. The research was conducted from March to July 2024 at the artificial reef module sinking locations for the Obligatory Years of 2019, 2021, and 2023. The fish data collection method used a modification of the Belt Transect. The biomass calculation method was modified by adding several fish families that are economically valuable target fish. The location of the 2021 Obligatory Year artificial reef modules had the highest number of fish species (40 species), the highest H' value (3.20), and the heaviest biomass (2,908.80 kg/ha). The range of diversity values at all locations was between 1.80-3.20, falling under the criteria of "moderate" and "high." The range of dominance index values was between 0.06-0.36, falling under the "moderate" criteria. The range of evenness values was between 0.34-0.53, falling under the "moderate" and "low" criteria. The range of fish biomass values was between 129.66-2,908.80 kg/ha. The longer the artificial reef modules were submerged, the more schooling fish species increased, while target fish species decreased due to fishing activities. The criteria for the value analysis results refer to the criteria used for natural habitat calculations (coral reefs). Researchers recommend specific value criteria for artificial habitats in disturbed environmental conditions (offshore mining activities)
The Synthesis of Zinc Oxide (ZnO) Nanoparticles Using Extract Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) As Capping Agent and Its Antioxidant Activity
No full textZinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles are one of the most widely studied nanoparticles for various applications and other alternatives because of their unique properties. The uniqueness of these properties depends on the technique used to synthesize ZnO nanoparticles. This study aims to synthesize ZnO nanoparticles using tomato crude extract as a capping agent and to analyze the antioxidant activity of ZnO nanoparticles using DPPH and ascorbic acid as standard solutions. The synthesized powder of ZnO nanoparticles was characterized using XRD and SEM. The results obtained for the crystal size of the capping agent and without the capping agent were 20.597 nm and 24.717 nm according to JCPDS No. 00-036-1451. The particle size of ZnO using tomato extract as a capping agent is 43.325 nm which indicates that the particles are in the nanosize range and are spherical in shape. The IC50 yield of ZnO nanoparticles using a capping agent was 133.9623 ppm which indicated that ZnO nanoparticles had moderate antioxidant activity.Nanopartikel seng oksida (ZnO) merupakan salah satu nanopartikel yang paling banyak dipelajari untuk berbagai aplikasi dan alternatif lain karena sifatnya yang unik. Keunikan sifat tersebut bergantung pada teknik yang digunakan untuk mensintesis nanopartikel ZnO. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mensintesis nanopartikel ZnO menggunakan ekstrak kasar tomat sebagai capping agent dan menganalisis aktivitas antioksidan nanopartikel ZnO menggunakan DPPH dan asam askorbat sebagai larutan standar. Serbuk nanopartikel ZnO hasil sintesis dikarakterisasi menggunakan XRD dan SEM. Hasil yang diperoleh untuk ukuran kristal dengan zat capping dan tanpa zat capping adalah 20,597 nm dan 24,717 nm menurut JCPDS No.00-036-1451. Ukuran partikel ZnO menggunakan ekstrak tomat sebagai capping agent adalah 43,325 nm yang menunjukkan bahwa partikel berada pada rentang nanosize dan berbentuk bulat. Yield IC50 nanopartikel ZnO menggunakan capping agent sebesar 133,9623 ppm yang menunjukkan bahwa nanopartikel ZnO mempunyai aktivitas antioksidan sedang.
 
Modelling of Flavanoid Derivatives from Leucaena leucocephala as Anti-UV
Get PDFWhile UV light has benefits for life, excessive exposure to UV light also has negative effects on humans. Examples of the negative effects of UV exposure include cancer. Therefore, the exploration for materials that can be used as anti-UV continues to grow. One of them is extract from Leucaena leucocephala leaves. To study the potential of a compound as anti-UV, one method can use a molecular modeling approach using the semi-empirical method. Based on this, 8 flavone-derived compounds contained in L. leucocephala leaf extract were modeled with a semi-empirical approach using the PM3 method, and electronic-transition was calculated using ZINDO/S. The geometry optimization results showed that the bond length between carbon atoms in flavonoid tururnans did not change significantly with the difference in functional groups. However, there is a significant difference in the dihedral angle of the compound due to the repulsion of functional groups. The results of the electronic transition calculation showed that all flavonoid derivatives 1-8 are active in the UV A, UV B, and UV C regions. So it can be said that flavones 1-8 have potential as anti-UV. In addition, the energy level of HOMO-LUMO compounds was also calculated. Flavonoid 1 has the smallest Eg while flavonoid 8 has the largest E