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Ethnobotanical Study of Natural Coloring Plants in Raut Muara Village, Sanggau Regency
Get PDFPenggunaan pewarna sintetis dapat memicu masalah kesehatan dan lingkungan. Pewarna alami menjadi salah satu inovasi untuk mengganti pemanfaatan pewarna sintetis karena bersifat tidak beracun dan ramah lingkungan. Masyarakat Desa Raut Muara Kabupaten Sanggau memanfaatkan beberapa tumbuhan sebagai pewarna alami seperti tipu (Etlingera linguiformis (Roxb.) R.M.Sm) yang dimanfaatkan sebagai pewarna makanan, kecombrang (Etlingera elatior (Jack)) sebagai pewarna minuman, bajakah merah (Spatholobus ferrugineus Zoll.&Moritzi)Benth.) sebagai kosmetik, dan akar kuning (Arcangelisia flava (L.) Merr) sebagai pewarna kain. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menambah pengetahuan masyarakat tentang jenis, bagian-bagian tumbuhan yang digunakan dan cara pengolahan yang dilakukan masyarakat Desa Raut Muara. Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian adalah metode deskriptif dan teknik pengumpulan data dengan cara triangulasi yang merupakan gabungan dari wawancara, observasi dan dokumentasi. Penentuan informan menggunakan teknik purposive sampling dengan 53 informan. Hasil penelitian diperoleh 26 jenis tumbuhan dari 22 famili yang dimanfaatkan bagian daun, buah, biji, dan akar.
Kata Kunci: Etnobotani, Pewarna alami, Desa Raut MuaraPenggunaan pewarna sintetis dapat memicu masalah kesehatan dan lingkungan. Pewarna alami menjadi salah satu inovasi untuk mengganti pemanfaatan pewarna sintetis karena bersifat tidak beracun dan ramah lingkungan. Masyarakat Desa Raut Muara Kabupaten Sanggau memanfaatkan beberapa tumbuhan sebagai pewarna alami seperti tipu (Etlingera linguiformis (Roxb.) R.M.Sm) yang dimanfaatkan sebagai pewarna makanan, kecombrang (Etlingera elatior (Jack)) sebagai pewarna minuman, bajakah merah (Spatholobus ferrugineus Zoll.&Moritzi)Benth.) sebagai kosmetik, dan akar kuning (Arcangelisia flava (L.) Merr) sebagai pewarna kain. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menambah pengetahuan masyarakat tentang jenis, bagian-bagian tumbuhan yang digunakan dan cara pengolahan yang dilakukan masyarakat Desa Raut Muara. Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian adalah metode deskriptif dan teknik pengumpulan data dengan cara triangulasi yang merupakan gabungan dari wawancara, observasi dan dokumentasi. Penentuan informan menggunakan teknik purposive sampling dengan 53 informan. Hasil penelitian diperoleh 26 jenis tumbuhan dari 22 famili yang dimanfaatkan bagian daun, buah, biji, dan akar.Kata Kunci: Etnobotani, Pewarna alami, Desa Raut MuaraABSTRACT
The use of synthetic dyes can trigger health and environmental problems. Natural dyes are one of the innovations to replace the use of synthetic dyes because they are non-toxic and environmentally friendly. The people of Raut Muara Village, Sanggau Regency utilize several plants as natural dyes such as tipu' (Etlingera linguiformis (Roxb.) R.M.Sm) which is used as a food dye, kecombrang (Etlingera elatior (Jack)) as a beverage dye, red bajakah (Spatholobus ferrugineus Zoll.&Moritzi)Benth.) as a cosmetic, and yellow root (Arcangelisia flava (L.) Merr) as a fabric dye. This study aims to increase public knowledge about the types, parts of plants used and processing methods carried out by the people of Raut Muara Village. The method used in the research is descriptive method and data collection techniques by triangulation which is a combination of interviews, observation and documentation. Determination of informants using purposive sampling technique with 53 informants. The results of the study obtained 26 plant species from 22 families that are utilized by the leaves, fruit, seeds, and roots.
Keywords: Ethnobotany, Natural coloring, Raut Muara VillageABSTRACT The use of synthetic dyes can trigger health and environmental problems. Natural dyes are one of the innovations to replace the use of synthetic dyes because they are non-toxic and environmentally friendly. The people of Raut Muara Village, Sanggau Regency utilize several plants as natural dyes such as tipu' (Etlingera linguiformis (Roxb.) R.M.Sm) which is used as a food dye, kecombrang (Etlingera elatior (Jack)) as a beverage dye, red bajakah (Spatholobus ferrugineus Zoll.&Moritzi)Benth.) as a cosmetic, and yellow root (Arcangelisia flava (L.) Merr) as a fabric dye. This study aims to increase public knowledge about the types, parts of plants used and processing methods carried out by the people of Raut Muara Village. The method used in the research is descriptive method and data collection techniques by triangulation which is a combination of interviews, observation and documentation. Determination of informants using purposive sampling technique with 53 informants. The results of the study obtained 26 plant species from 22 families that are utilized by the leaves, fruit, seeds, and roots.Keywords: Ethnobotany, Natural coloring, Raut Muara Villag
GROWTH PERFORMANCES OF LOBSTER JUVENILE (Cherax quadricarinatus) FED WITH SILKWORM AND RICE FLOUR
Get PDFFreshwater lobster (Cherax quadricarinatus) is one of the freshwater commodities that has the potential to be cultivated and has economic value. However, the problem still faced by farmers is the quality of feed which can affect low growth and survival. This research aims to analyze the growth performance of juvenile lobsters fed silk worms and rice flour. This research used 30 juvenile lobster samples measuring 1-3 cm (+ 1 inch) that were around 30 days old per aquarium. The parameters observed were body length, body weight, and survival rate (SR) of juvenile lobsters and the water parameters measured were pH, temperature, and total dissolved solids (TDS). The results of the research show that juvenile freshwater lobsters are able to consume silk worms and rice flour so that juvenile lobsters can be classified as omnivores. Feeding treatment in the form of a combination of silk worms and rice flour showed the best results for growth in length, weight and SR of juvenile freshwater lobsters. Juvenile growth during 32 days of rearing fed a combination of silkworm and rice flour resulted 4.30 cm + 0.02 cm in a length, 1.43 g + 0.01 g in weight, and SR 80%
PENGAPLIKASIAN AIR PADA PASCA PANEN SAYURAN SAWI DAN PENGARUHNYA TERHADAP LAMA MASA SIMPAN DAN SUSUT BOBOT PADA TANAMAN SAWI
Get PDFThis research aimed to evaluate the effect of water application to various parts of mustard greens on postharvest weight loss, moisture content, and chlorophyll levels. The study used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with four treatments: water applied to leaves, roots, the whole plant, and a control group. Results showed that water application did not significantly impact weight loss, moisture content, or chlorophyll levels. However, watering the roots provided the best results in maintaining plant weight and moisture content. Watering the leaves increased moisture but posed a risk of accelerated decay, while the control group showed the highest weight loss. In conclusion, root watering is the most effective method to maintain postharvest mustard greens quality.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi pengaruh pemberian air pada berbagai bagian tanaman terhadap susut bobot, kadar air, dan kandungan klorofil pada sawi pascapanen. Penelitian dilakukan dengan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) yang melibatkan empat perlakuan: pemberian air pada daun, akar, seluruh bagian tanaman, dan kontrol. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa pemberian air tidak berdampak signifikan terhadap susut bobot, kadar air, maupun kandungan klorofil. Namun, pemberian air pada akar memberikan hasil terbaik dalam mempertahankan massa dan kadar air tanaman. Penyiraman daun cenderung meningkatkan kadar air tetapi berisiko mempercepat pembusukan, sedangkan kontrol menghasilkan susut bobot tertinggi. Kesimpulannya, pemberian air pada akar adalah metode paling efektif dalam menjaga kualitas sawi selama penyimpanan.
 
Kajian Kesesuaian Wisata Pantai Kategori Rekreasi di Pantai Rambak Kabupaten Bangka Provinsi Kepulauan Bangka Belitung
Get PDFRambak Beach is one of the beaches in Jelitik Village, Sungailiat District, Bangka Regency. It is approximately 10 kmfrom Sungailiat Cite Center 30 km from Pangkalpinang. This research was conducted in Juni 2022 at Rambak Beach,Bangka Regency. Measurement of suitability parameters for beach tourism was carried out at three stations using thepurposive sampling method. The parameter meausurements carried out obtained the research results of the suitabilityIndex Value for the Tourism Category for beach recreation,namely getting a result of 99% and the Tourism Category forbeach recreation, namelly getting a result of 92 %,. Included in the S1 (category appropriate). The results show that thecarrying capacity of tourist activity areas on land for beach recreation is around 2,467 people a day, while for swimmingactivities it is 412 people a day and has not exceeded the area’s carrying capacity limit for carrying out tourist activities.Pantai Rambak merupakan salah satu pantai yang berada Kelurahan Jelitik, Kecamatan Sungailiat, Kabupaten Bangka. Berjarak kurang lebih 10 km dari Pusat Kota Sungailiat atau 30 km dari Pangkalpinang.. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis Kesesuaian wisata pantai dan daya dukung kawasan wisata. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada bulan Juni 2022 di Pantai Rambak Kabupaten Bangka. Pengukuran Parameter kesesuaian wisata pantai dilakukan pada tiga stasiun dengan menggunakan metode purposive sampling. Pengukuran parameter yang dilakukan memperoleh hasil penelitian nilai Indeks Kesesuaian Kategori Wisata untuk berenang yaitu mendapatkan hasil 99% dan Kategori Wisata untuk daratan yaitu mendapatkan hasil 92% yang termasuk dalam kategori S1 (sangat sesuai). Hasil daya dukung kawasan aktivitas wisata di daratan untuk bersantai berkisar 2.467 orang/hari sedangkan untuk aktivitas berenang yaitu 412 orang/hari dan belum melampui batas daya dukung kawasan dalam melakukan aktivitas wisata
Perlindungan Hukum Internasional Terhadap Anak Luar Kawin Pekerja Migran Indonesia (Analisis Kritis Penerapan Prinsip Non-Diskriminasi)
Get PDFExtramarital children of Indonesian migrant workers face complex issues of identity and citizenship rights. In Indonesia, extramarital children often do not have birth certificates, which makes it difficult for them to access public services such as schools. The principle of non-discrimination is the most important in legal protection for extramarital children. The rights of children are recognized internationally in the Convention on the Rights of the Child, where the protection of the rights of extramarital children includes the protection of the juridical rights of extramarital children to demand recognition and validation, as well as the management of the citizenship status of the Republic of Indonesia for the child. The following results show that First, the application of the principle of non-discrimination is specifically recognized in the Convention on the Rights of the Child, which underlines the rights of children in the absence of discrimination based on the marital status of their parents and requires States Parties not to discriminate against them. Second, the implementation of children's rights, especially the rights of extramarital children of Indonesian migrant workers in various regulations in Indonesia, needs to be maintained consistently, involving aspects of substance, structure, and cultural values, so that they can provide tangible benefits and are based on a deep sense of justice.
Keywords: protection of international law; extramarital child; non-discriminationAnak luar kawin pekerja migran Indonesia menghadapi masalah hak identitas dan kewarganegaraan yang kompleks. Di Indonesia, anak luar kawin seringkali tidak memiliki akta kelahiran, yang menyulitkan akses mereka ke layanan publik seperti sekolah. Prinsip non-diskriminasi merupakan prinsip terpenting dalam perlindungan hukum bagi anak luar kawin. Hak anak diakui secara internasional dalam Konvensi Hak Anak, dimana perlindungan hak anak luar kawin mencakup perlindungan hak yuridis anak luar kawin untuk menuntut pengakuan dan pengesahan, serta pengurusan status kewarganegaraan Republik Indonesia bagi anak tersebut. Hasil penelitian berikut menunjukkan bahwa Pertama, penerapan prinsip non-diskriminasi secara khusus diakui dalam Konvensi Hak Anak, yang menggarisbawahi hak-hak anak tanpa adanya diskriminasi berdasarkan status pernikahan orang tua mereka serta mensyaratkan bagi negara Pihak untuk tidak memberikan perlakuan diskriminasi kepada mereka. Kedua, Implementasi hak-hak anak khususnya hak anak luar kawin dari pekerja migran Indonesia dalam berbagai peraturan di Indonesia perlu dijaga konsistensinya, melibatkan aspek substansi, struktur, dan nilai-nilai budaya, sehingga dapat memberikan manfaat yang nyata dan dilandasi oleh rasa keadilan yang mendalam.
Kata Kunci: perlindungan hukum internasional; anak luar kawin; non-diskriminasi
 
ANALISIS DAN PERANCANGAN CAMPURAN BETON MENGGUNAKAN AGREGAT DARI QUARRY NOEMUTI KABUPATEN TTU
Get PDFPemilihan material lokal dalam pembuatan beton selalu diupayakan untuk dimanfaatkan demi kemudahan proses pembuatan dan ketersediaan material. Material lokal yang dipilih tentunya harus memenuhi syarat dan ketentuan yang memenuhi tercapainya mutu beton yang diharapkan. Dalam penelitian ini digunakan material dari Quarry Noemuti Kabupaten TTU yaitu agregat halus dan agregat kasar sebagai material penyusun beton serta menggunakan PPC tipe I. Benda uji silinder berdiameter 15 cm dan tinggi 30 cm dibuat dan diberikan perawatan untuk pengujian kuat tekan beton. Hasil pemeriksaan karakterisik material menunjukkan bahwa agregat halus maupun agregat kasar memenuhi syarat dan ketentuan sebagai material penyusun beton. Dari hasil pengujian berat isi menunjukkan bahwa beton yang dihasilkan dikategorikan beton normal karena berat isi yang diperoleh berkisar antara 2200 – 2500 kg/m³. Hasil pengujian kuat tekan beton pada umur 7 hari diperoleh kuat tekan sebesar 22.65 MPa, pada umur 21 hari diperoleh kuat tekan beton sebesar 25.42 MPa dan pada umur 28 hari mencapai 26.67 MPa. Dengan demikian agregat dari Quarry Noemuti Kabupaten TTU layak digunakan untuk membuat beton normal dengan kuat tekan beton sebesar 25 MPa.The selection of local materials in the manufacture of concrete always sought to be used for the convenience of the manufacturing process and the availability of materials. The local material must refer to the terms and conditions that meet the achievement of the expected concrete quality. In this study, materials originating from the Noemuti Quarry, TTU Regency, namely fine aggregate and coarse aggregate, were used as concrete constituent materials with a planned compressive strength target of 25 MPa. Cylindrical specimens with a diameter of 15 cm and a height of 30 cm were made and treated for testing to the compressive strength of concrete. The results of the material characteristics test showed that the fine and coarse aggregates fulfilled the terms and conditions of concrete constituents. The results of the unit weight test show that the concrete is included in the normal concrete category because the unit weight obtained ranges from 2200 – 2500 kg/m³. The result for the compressive strength test of the concrete, aged 7 days, obtained a compressive strength of 22.65 MPa. For ages 21 days, the compressive strength of concrete is 25.42 MPa, and for ages 28 days, it reaches 26.67 MPa. Thus, the aggregate from the Noemuti Quarry, TTU Regency, both fine and coarse aggregate, is suitable for making normal concrete with a compressive strength of 25 MPa
Effectiveness of the Combination of Alum (Al₂(SO₄)₃) and Calcium Hydroxide (Ca(OH)₂) Coagulants in the Removal of Manganese (Mn) Using the Coagulation-Flocculation Process
Get PDFA technique for reducing the contamination of heavy metals in wastewater is the coagulationflocculation method. The approach has various advantages, including a simple process, readilyavailable chemicals, inexpensive equipment costs, and an excellent capacity to remove pollutants. The goal of this research is to see how well Mn-containing wastewater can be reduced using alum and calcium hydroxide as coagulants. The adsorption capacity of the coagulant combination in the floc generation phase of the coagulation-flocculation process can also be calculated. The technique used is coagulation-flocculation, with modifications made to the coagulant content and stirring duration. The data was then evaluated using an Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS) to assess the decrease Mn concentration in wastewater. According to the experiments, the combination of alum and calcium hydroxide coagulants with a mass composition ratio of alum:calcium hydroxide (150 mg:50 mg) and a stirring time of 15 minutes has the highest efficiency of 89.35% and is directly proportional to the adsorption capacity value of 446.75mg/gram. 
Meniran Leaf Extract (Phyllanthus niruri L.): How does it affect the number of platelets in the blood?
Get PDFThrombocytopenia is a condition in which the platelet count is below normal (<150,000-450,000 cells/mm3). Until now, the treatment of thrombocytopenia has not yet found a specific drug and there are side effects from chemical treatment, so alternative solutions are needed, one of which is the use of meniran leaves (Phyllanthus niruri L.). The meniran plant is a wild plant that is often found in the wild, on the streets, as well as vacant land so that people can easily get these plants. The aim of this research was to determine the effect of meniran leaf extract (Phyllanthus niruri L.) on the number of platelets in mice induced by sodium phenytoin. The method used in this research was True Experimental with Pretest and Posttest with Control Group Design consisting of 5 groups which aimed to determine the effect of meniran leaf extract on platelet counts. The data collection technique used in this study used primary data, which was obtained from the results of examining platelet counts on day 0, day 3 after induction and day 7 after treatment with meniran leaf extract (Phyllanthus niruri L.). Then the data obtained was tested using SPSS with the non-parametric Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests. From 25 experimental animals, the results showed that there was a relatively significant increase in the number of platelets after being given therapy with meniran leaf extract (Phyllanthus niruri L.) but there was no difference between each dose. Based on the research results, it can be concluded that meniran leaf extract (Phyllanthus niruri L.) has an effect on increasing the number of platelets
Komposisi dan Status Konservasi Jenis Ikan Air Tawar yang Diperdagangkan oleh Pedagang Kaki Lima Kota Pangkalpinang
Get PDFThis study aims to determine the composition, conservation status and sources of freshwater ornamental fishing traded by roadside sellers in Pangkalpinang City. Data collection will be carried out in July 2023 in Pangkalpinang City. This study used survey and observation methods with qualitative descriptive data analysis. The results showed that the composition of freshwater ornamental fish species traded by roadside sellers in Pangkalpinang City was found as many as 10 families with 21 species and the dominating families were Channidae and Osphronemidae with Channa striata species (66.72%), Channa micropeltes (18.17%) and Trichopodus trichopterus (12.19%). The conservation status of freshwater ornamental fish species traded by roadside sellers in Pangkalpinang City based on IUCN has 4 criteria, namely 18 species classified as Least Concern (LC), one species classified as Data Deficient (DD), one species classified Near Threatened (NT) and one other species classified as Vulnerable (VU). Based on CITES, all species of fish with status are not evaluated, while based on Kepmen-KP No. 1 of 2021, as many as one species has full protection status, namely Javan Belida Fish (Notopterus notopterus). The source of fishing grounds for freshwater ornamental fish species traded by roadside sellers in Pangkalpinang City comes from the Bangka Belitung area and areas outside Bangka Belitung including the West Mendo River, Kurau River, Penyak River, Kemuja River, Mangkol River, Teru River, East and Central Kalimantan Rivers, Java Island and Sumatra Island.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui komposisi, status konservasi dan sumber penangkapan ikan air tawar yang diperdagangkan oleh penjual kaki lima Kota Pangkalpinang. Pengambilan data dilakukan pada bulan Juli 2023 di Kota Pangkalpinang. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode survei dan observasi dengan analisis data secara deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan komposisi jenis ikan air tawar yang diperdagangkan oleh penjual tepi jalan Kota Pangkalpinang adalah ditemukan sebanyak 10 famili dengan 21 spesies dan famili yang mendominasi ialah Channidae dan Osphronemidae dengan spesies Channa striata (66,72%), Channa micropeltes (18,17%) dan Trichopodus trichopterus (12,19%). Status konservasi jenis ikan hias air tawar yang diperdagangkan oleh penjual tepi jalan Kota Pangkalpinang berdasarkan IUCN terdapat 4 kriteria yaitu 18 spesies tergolong Least Concern (LC), satu spesies tergolong Data Deficient (DD), satu spesies tergolong Near Threatened (NT) dan satu spesies lainnya tergolong Vulnerable (VU). Berdasarkan CITES, semua jenis ikan berstatus tidak dievaluasi, sedangkan berdasarkan Kepmen-KP No 1 Tahun 2021 sebanyak satu spesies yang berstatus perlindungan penuh yaitu Ikan Belida Jawa (Notopterus notopterus). Sumber daerah penangkapan jenis ikan hias air tawar yang diperdagangkan oleh penjual tepi jalan Kota Pangkalpinang berasal dari daerah Bangka Belitung dan daerah luar Bangka Belitung antara lain Sungai Mendo Barat, Sungai Kurau, Sungai Penyak, Sungai Kemuja, Sungai Mangkol, Sungai Teru, Sungai Kalimantan Timur dan Tengah, Pulau Jawa serta Pulau Sumatera.
 
Sintesis dan karakteristik nanopartikel CaO dari cangkang kerang darah (Anadara granosa) menggunakan metode kopresipitasi
Get PDFThe lithium ion battery is a type of secondary battery. A good component to be used as the anode of a lithium ion battery is Li4Ti5O12 (LTO). LTO has a low conductivity value so doping is necessary. Doping particle size greatly affects the conductivity of LTO. The purpose of this doping was carried out to find out how the effect of CaO nanoparticle doping on the conductivity value of the LTO battery anode using the coprecipitation method by varying the molarity of NaOH, namely 1M, 3M and 7M. Based on the results of research on the influence of NaOH molarity, it produces different sizes of nanoparticles. The smallest nanoparticle size was obtained in the 3M sample variation, which was 175.0 nm. With a purity of CaO nanoparticles of 96.35%. While the conductivity value of the lithium ion battery doped with CaO nanoparticles with three variations of NaOH molarity, the optimum value was obtained in the 1M sample, which was 1.06 × 10-6 S/cm. This is because the 1M variation produces very low impurities compared to the 3M and 7M variations which have more impurities, this can affect the conductivity value.