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The impact of using the digital currency in monetary policy
No full textمن المعروف ان العملة الرقمية غير مدعومة من اي جهة رسمية و تستخدم عن طريق الانترنت فقط في نطاق المؤسسات والشركات والافراد التي تفضل التعامل بها ، كما يمكن مبادلتها بالعملات الورقية كالدولار واليورو و غيرها .
يهدف هذا البحث الى بيان اثر العملات الرقمية في السياسة النقدية ، بدءا بمفهوم العملة الرقمية ونشأتها وانواعها من جهة ، ثم شرح السياسة النقدية والياتها واهدافها التي تستخدم لتحقيق التوازن الاقتصادي في اي بلد من جهة اخرى ، اعتمد البحث المنهج الوصفي التحليلي لتحديد اثر العملة الرقمية في السياسة النقدية ، و توصل البحث الى مجموعة من الاستنتاجات اهمها ان العملة الرقمية تؤثر على ادوات واهداف السياسة النقدية تأثيرا سلبيا و ان العملة الرقمية تؤثر على وظيفة البنك المركزي في مراقبة وتوجيه الائتمان لأن العملات الرقمية يصعب السيطرة عليها أو توجيهها .
It is known that the digital currency is not supported by any official entity and is used by the Internet only within the scope of institutions, companies and individuals that prefer to deal with them, and can be exchanged in paper currencies such as dollars, euros and others .The purpose of this research is to explain the impact of digital currencies in monetary policy, beginning with the concept of digital currency and its origin and types, on the one hand, and then explain the monetary policy and its goals and objectives used to achieve economic balance in any country on the other hand , The research adopted a descriptive analytical method to determine the effect of the digital currency in monetary policy. The research reached a number of conclusions, the most important of which is that the digital currency affects the tools and objectives of monetary policy negatively and that the digital currency affects the function of the central bank in controlling and directing credit because digital currencies are difficult to control Or direct them .
 
Companies Commitment to Transparency and Disclosure in the Stock Exchanges: An Analytical Comparative Study
No full textان الالتزام بالشفافية والافصاح يعد من المقومات الاساسية لاسواق الاوراق المالية، لذلك يفرضه القانون على الشركات لضمان تدفق المعلومات والبيانات التي تتطلبها التعاملات اليومية في هذه الاسواق. يتناول هذا البحث الاطار العام لهذا الالتزام، وموقف القانون العراقي والمقارن من تنظيمه، لبيان مواطن القوة وتشخيص اوجه القصور في التنظيم القانوني لهذا الالتزام في القانون العراقي، وطرح المعالجات القانونية السليمة، التي تتمحورحول ضرورة اعادة صياغة بعض النصوص القانونية ذات الصلة، وتبني مجموعة من النصوص الاخرى لاصلاح النظام القانوني العراقي المنظم لهذا الالتزام، والتي تساهم دون شك في تفعيل أسواق الاوراق المالية في العراق، وتضمن استقرارها وسلامة التعاملات التي تجري فيها. The commitment to transparency and disclosure is considered as one of the main components of the stock markets. Therefore, the law imposes it on the companies to ensure the flow of information and data which are needed for the daily transactions in such markets. This research deals with the general framework of this obligation and the position of the Iraqi and comparative laws in the aim of explaining the strengths and determining the weaknesses in the legal regulation of this commitment in the Iraqi law and recommending sound legal solutions. These solutions require necessary reformulation of some of the relevant legal provisions and adopting a set of new legal rules to reform the Iraqi legal system in this regards. This reform doubtlessly participates in the activation of the Iraqi stock exchanges and secure sustainable and safe transactions in these markets
The Socio-Political Effects on Using Puns in Iraqi Arabic Jokes
No full textJokes can be effective and can achieve various purposes depending on how they are said or written. It is a fact that jokes refer to statements with humorous effect used as a means of entertainment to make people laugh and feel happy. However, jokes can have other socio-political meanings depending on the expressions found in them. This can be achieved through the employment of expressions denoting pun. Additionally, meanings of pun can be expressed in different ways depending on the socio-cultural characteristics of the community. Therefore, this study aimed at defining the socio-political impact of employing pun expressions in Iraqi jokes based on the socio-cultural specificity of the Iraqi community. To conducted such a study, this required using a qualitative method with a critical analysis. The data of this study were represented by (15) jokes written in Iraqi Arabic dialect (Iraqi colloquial language) and translated into English to be understood by those who do not speak Arabic language. Pun expressions were italicized in both source and target texts to be distinguished from other expressions in the joke. The results of this study revealed the influence of socio-political situations on creating jokes in Iraqi society. Moreover, the most notable type of pun used in Iraqi jokes was homonymous. This is due to that Iraqis intentionally tend to conceal the real intended meaning by using words that have the same spelling and pronunciation but carry different connotations
Teachers’ Perspectives towards the Implementation of Constructivism in Teaching EFL at Salahaddin University
No full textThe aim of this study is to elicit Kurdish EFL teachers’ perspectives on constructivism and its implementation at university level. To obtain the needed data, a questionnaire is administered to 49 EFL teachers at Salahaddin University. According to the most significant results of the research, the Kurdish EFL teachers in general have positive perspectives toward constructivism as a teaching and learning approach. However, their agreement with the implementation of the different principles of constructivism varied and the agreement percentage for the items ranged from 89.39% to 73.47%. It is worth mentioning that the current study is an extract from a PhD dissertation that investigates the effectiveness of implementing the principles of constructivism in the Kurdish context
Major Writing Challenges Experienced by EFL Learners in Soran University
No full textThe current research aims to investigate the challenges that EFL learners face in essay writing skills and the common errors they make in their English writing. One of the major aspects of language development and academic achievement among students at all levels of the education system is the capacity to achieve communicative competence in writing skills. Though, one of the essential problem learner faces at university is, learning to master essay writing skills. A descriptive survey research design was adopted in this study. The sample of the study are 32 randomly chosen third year students of English Department at the Soran University. To achieve the aims of the research, a mixed methodology was selected, through which data was collected through the students' questionnaire, and a collection analysis of thirty-two randomly chosen essays. A research results obtained from students' questionnaires indicated that major difficulties that student' encounter are in grammar, organizing ideas, punctuations, and vocabulary. The challenges that students face in writing essay include: incorrect use of grammar, first language interference, limited vocabulary, punctuation marks, and word order. Based on these results, it is important for teachers to take into account students' writing challenges, and the explanation of more writing sessions are among the pedagogical implications
Exploring Lexical Lacunae in the Scientific Translation of Theoretical Physics Books: An English-Kurdish Case-Study
No full textthis research paper explores lexical lacunae at the word level at the context of English-Kurdish scientific translation. First, the paper briefly describes the development of scientific translation through space and time, and then it demonstrates the status of English and Kurdish as the language of natural sciences. Despite its significance, scientific translation has received little attention in the realm of Translation Studies, and none of the mainstream theories of translation is associated with scientific translation. Thus, this paper assumes that different translation procedures were opted for in overcoming the lexical lacunae in the context of English-Kurdish scientific translation. This paper scrutinises the English-Kurdish translation in the field of theoretical physics, an area which has hitherto left untouched. It explores a set of five theoretical physics books and their translated Kurdish versions, which altogether constitutes a corpus of circa 520,000 words. The study discloses that triplets, borrowing, expansion and omission procedures are employed to deal with lexical lacuna in the context of English-Kurdish scientific translation. It further reveals that LSP specialists were moderately prosperous in transmitting the full lexical contents of the ST.
 
Legal effect of premarital medical examination: An analytical study
No full textتنصب هذه الدراسة على بيان الأثر القانوني الذي يترتب على القيام بالفحص الطبي قبل إبرام عقد الزواج في المحكمة، فوفقاً لما نصَت عليه الفقرة الثانية من المادة العاشرة من قانون الأحوال الشخصية العراقي المعدل يلزم العاقدين عند تسجيلهما لعقد الزواج بتقديم تقرير طبي يؤيد سلامتهما من الأمراض والموانع الصحية دون النص على ما إذا قد ظهر من نتيجة الفحص إصابة أحد الطرفين بالمرض أو مدى سلطة القاضي في إبرام عقد الزواج من دونه في هذه الحالة، فعلى الرغم من مساهمة هذه الفحوصات في حماية صحة الأفراد وبناء الأسرة على أسس صحية سليمة إلا أنه قد يترتب عليه حل العلاقة الزوجية سواء في مرحلة الخطوبة أو بعد إبرام العقد وهذا ما نحاول تسليط الضوء عليه في دراستنا هذه. This study focuses on the legal impact of conducting a medical examination prior to the conclusion of a marriage contract in court. As provided for in Article 10, paragraph 2, of the amended Iraqi Personal Status Law, Without stating whether the result of the examination showed that one of the parties became ill or the authority of the judge to conclude the marriage contract without him, in this case, although these tests contribute to the protection of the health of individuals and build a family on sound health grounds, it may result Relationship Whether in the marital engagement stage or after the conclusion of the contract and this is what we are trying to highlight it in this study
Efficient Biometric Iris Recognition Based on Iris Localization Approach
Get PDFBiometric recognition is an emerging technology that has attracted more attention in recent years. This issue uses physiological and behavioral characteristics to identify an individual. The iris recognition approaches are among the most accurate biometric technologies with immense potential for use in global security applications. The purpose of this research is to implement an efficient approach to treat the diseased eye images in order to verify the second iris examination for the same person by inserting an improvement step to the iris recognition system. This step makes a correction of boundary around pupil and removes fraction regions. This approach demonstrates its ability to detect the inner limit of the iris. The obtained results shows that 90% success in the detection diseased eye images, which makes the iris recognition system more accurate and safe
Blended Learning Mobility Approach and English Language Learning
Get PDFAlthough the benefits of blended learning have been well documented in educational research, relatively few studies have examined blended mobilities in education in Kurdistan region government and in Iraq. This study discusses a blended mobility approach for a teacher training program designed for in-service English language teachers (ELT) and investigates its effectiveness by comparing the latest participation of the University of Human Development for computer science and proposing the same program for training English for lecturers and students. The research involved proposes new mobility program for teaching and learning English language and using their language skills in an ongoing business project using several software for communication and management of their projects. Results will show the framework for new blended learning and blended mobilities of many different English language teaching (ELT) aspects
Effect of Cationic Surfactants on Properties of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Synthesized through Sol-gel Technique
Get PDFZinc oxide (ZnO) is an important metal oxide which participates in lots of applications, including gas sensors, catalysis, and optoelectronic devices. For nanostructured materials, agglomeration is problematic in the chemical production processes. In surfactant-free chemical reactions, aggregation occurs immediately as particles are generated. Therefore, the synthesis of controllable size nanoparticles is of great fundamental and technological interest. In the present study, the effect of cationic surfactants such as cetyltrimethylammonium bromide and benzalkonium chloride concentrations, on the optical properties, size, and morphology of ZnO nanoparticles synthesized through sol-gel method were studied. The characterizing tools were X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis-near-infrared) spectrophotometer. X-ray diffractogram confirmed the hexagonal (wurtzite structure) of ZnO. FTIR analyzed the presence of functional groups. The shape and size of the ZnO nanostructures were revealed by SEM and TEM. The band gap energy of the prepared ZnO samples was determined by UV-Vis spectrophotometer