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Vanderbilt Hustler; Vol. 125 Iss. 48 January 8, 2014
No full textThe official student newspaper at Vanderbilt University
The Temporal Features of Emotional Capture of Attention: Determining the Time Course of the Emotional Attentional Blink
No full textWithin a variety of stimuli, we selectively attend to the most emotionally relevant, often at a cost to the processing of the other stimuli. The emotional attentional blink (EAB) is an effect in which emotional distractor images capture attention for several hundred milliseconds so that individuals cannot detect subsequent target images. In this study, we hoped to pinpoint the time course of the emotional capture of attention by creating a multi-target design based on Most and colleagues’ (2005) original EAB study. In Experiment 1, letters were presented on images following the distractor, and participants were asked to report which letter they first recalled seeing. We found that emotional distractor images, including erotic and gory conditions, induced greater deficits than non-emotional distractor images. In Experiment 2, participants reported not only the first letter they saw, but also the last number (presented before the distractor image) they saw. The task in Experiment 2 suggests an EAB that lasts between 200-400 ms. However, the use of two processing streams (the letters and images) suggests that modality serves an important role in the mechanisms of the EAB.Vanderbilt UniversityPsychologyCollege of Arts and ScienceThesis completed in partial fulfillment of the requirements of the Honors Program in Psychological Sciences. Under the Direction of Dr. David Zal
Capstone Portfolio Teaching English to Speakers of Other Languages
No full textTeaching and Learning Department capstone projectThis English as a Foreign Language (EFL) Teaching Portfolio consists of three sections. The first section is my philosophy of teaching statement, in which I reflected on how sociocultural theory influenced my understanding of teaching and leaning, and how it would guide me in my future EFL teaching practice. The second section of this portfolio introduced how I understand the EFL teaching standards under the eight TESOL domains. Finally, the third section of my portfolio will present a reflection and how I would continue developing my professionalism throughout my EFL teaching career.Department of Teaching and LearningPeabody College of Education and Human Developmen
Understanding the Stress and Emotional Triggers of Disordered Eating Behaviors in College Students
No full textLongitudinal study measuring the relationship between increased stress, emotions and change in disordered eating.Research has shown a relationship between stress and emotion in those with, or who are at-risk for, eating disorders. However, more research needs to be done on how levels of stress and emotion affect eating behaviors that could potentially lead to an eating disorder. This study is an effort to understand how stress and emotion affect disordered eating behavior. The study of 24 college students had participants report their levels of anxiety, stress, emotion, and eating behaviors over a five-week period. Results from this study showed that anxiety and negative affect were correlated with disordered eating behavior, but stress relationships were not significant. To further research, more understanding of the emotions associated with disordered eating is needed. Ultimately, this information could be used in a predictive, and defensive manner to prevent the onset of disordered eating behavior into a full-blown eating disorder.Vanderbilt UniversityPsychologyCollege of Arts and ScienceThesis completed in partial fulfillment of the requirements of the Honors Program in Psychological Sciences, under the direction of Dr. Leslie D. Kirb
Emotion regulation of fear and disgust: Implications for anxiety disorders
No full textAlthough the emotion of fear has been central to traditional conceptualizations of the development and treatment of anxiety disorders, recent research suggests that the emotion of disgust may also play an important role in anxiety disorders. Since fear and disgust differ with regards to cognitive appraisals, physiology, and time course, the experience of the two emotions may also differ with regards to the influence of emotion-regulation strategies. There is a growing consensus that poor emotion regulation may confer risk for the development of anxiety disorders; thus, a better understanding of how different emotion-regulation strategies influence fear and disgust may then have important treatment implications. In the present study, healthy undergraduate participants (n=95) were randomized to view either a fear-relevant or a disgust-relevant video, and they were instructed to employ either reappraisal or suppression to decrease their emotional experience while viewing the video. Participants in the Reappraise/Disgust group reported significantly lesser increases in distress during the video than all other groups. Subsequent analysis examining the significant interaction revealed that participants that viewed the disgust video experienced a greater increase in fear when they were engaging in suppression versus reappraisal. These findings suggest that reappraisal may be especially effective when in the context of disgust. The implications of these findings for the development and treatment of anxiety disorders that are characterized by excessive disgust reactions will be discussed.Vanderbilt UniversityPsychologyCollege of Arts and ScienceThesis completed in partial fulfillment of the requirements of the Honors Program in Psychological Sciences under the direction of Dr. Bunmi Olatunj
Classroom Design: Making a Case for the Importance and the Impact of Setting on Learning and Instruction
No full textTeaching and Learning Department Capstone ProjectThe purpose of this capstone essay is to explain the significance of classroom design and the impact design plays on the learner, the curriculum, the instruction and on assessment.Department of Teaching and LearningPeabody College of Education and Human Developmen
An address delivered at the laying of the corner stone of the University of Nashville, on the 7th of April, 1853
No full textRear cover missing
Cartels by Another Name: Should Licensed Occupations Face Antitrust Scrutiny?
No full textarticle published in law reviewIt has been over a hundred years since George Bernard Shaw wrote that “[a]ll professions are a conspiracy against the laity.” Since then, the number of occupations and the percentage of workers subject to occupational licensing have exploded; nearly one-third of the U.S. workforce is now licensed, up from five percent in the 1950s. Through occupational licensing boards, states endow cosmetologists, veterinary doctors, medical doctors, and florists with the authority to decide who may practice their art. It cannot surprise when licensing boards comprised of competitors regulate in ways designed to raise their profits. The result for consumers is higher prices and less choice, as licensing raises wages by eighteen percent and bars competition from unlicensed workers. For African-style hair braiders, the result is either an illicit business or thousands of hours of irrelevant training imposed by a cosmetology board. For lawyers, the result is less competition from tax accountants, paralegals, and out-of-state lawyers. The Sherman Act’s great accomplishment has been to make cartels per se illegal and relatively scarce—unless the cartel is managed by a professional licensing board. Most jurisdictions consider such boards, as state creations, exempt from antitrust scrutiny by the state action doctrine, leaving would-be competitors and consumers no recourse against their cartel-like activity. We contend that the state action doctrine should not prevent antitrust suits against state licensing boards that are comprised of private competitors deputized to
regulate and to outright exclude their own competition, often with the threat of criminal sanction. At most, state action should immunize licensing boards from the per se rule and require plaintiffs to prove their cases under the rule of reason. We argue that the Fourth Circuit’s recent decision, soon to be reviewed by the Supreme Court, to uphold a Federal Trade Commission (FTC) antitrust suit against a licensing board—denying state action immunity to a licensing board and thereby creating a circuit split—was a step in the right direction but did not go far enough. The Supreme Court should take the split as an opportunity to clarify that when competitors hold the reins to their own competition, they must answer to Senator Sherman
Contracting Around "Citizens United"
No full textarticle published in law reviewThe Supreme Court’s decision in Citizens United v. FEC is widely considered a major roadblock for campaign finance reform, and particularly for limiting third party spending in federal elections. In response to the decision, commentators, scholars, and activists have outlined a wide range of legislative and regulatory proposals to limit the influence of third party spending, including constitutional amendments, public financing programs, and expanded disclosure rules. To date, however, they have not considered the possibility that third party spending can be restrained by a self-enforcing private contract between the opposing campaigns. This Essay argues that private ordering, rather than public action, is an additional approach for limiting third party campaign spending. It explains the design of a contract between opposing campaigns that is self-enforcing and restricts third party spending; identifies the conditions under which such a contract is likely to be offered and accepted; shows how political dynamics push third parties and campaigns to adhere to the contract’s spending restrictions; and discusses possible loopholes and challenges. While private ordering through a self-enforcing contract might seem like wishful thinking, precisely this kind of contract, “The People’s Pledge,” succeeded in keeping out third party spending on television, radio, and internet advertising in the most expensive Senate race in history, the 2012 Brown-Warren race in Massachusetts. Since then, this kind of contract has been adopted in two other federal congressional races and debated and offered in a wide range of other races. In the context of political gridlock in Congress, the emergence of a private ordering option to achieve campaign finance reform goals is significant. This Essay analyzes the conditions under which private ordering, rather than public law reform, can limit third party spending in elections. It draws on examples, particularly that of the original “People’s Pledge,” to illustrate the general parameters of these contracts, and it considers the implications of these contracts for election law and policy
