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Positive and Negative Affect in Children of Depressed vs. Nondepressed Mothers
No full textThis study was designed to examine the positive and negative affect patterns in children of depressed mothers in comparison to children of nondepressed mothers and factors associated with affect levels.PSY-PC-2990-01,Honors Research under Dr. Megan Saylor,Advisor: Dr. Judy GarberChildren of depressed mothers are at a higher risk of developing depression in their lifetime compared to children of nondepressed mothers. Based on the tripartite model of depression and anxiety, low positive affect is the core symptom of depression. The current study examined the affect pattern of children of depressed and nondepressed mothers in general and in response to stimuli. Participants were 92 children (ages 8 to 10, mean=9.39, SD=.83; 55.4% female) and their mothers. Thirty-seven children were offspring of mothers with a history of depression during the child’s lifetime (high risk), and 55 were offspring of mothers without a depression history (low risk). The Positive Affect and Negative Affect Schedule was used to measure trait and state positive and negative affect; the Smiley Face Mood Rating was used to measure children’s affect after exposure to audio and visual stimuli that were neutral, negative, and positive. Results indicated that maternal depression history predicts low positive affect trait, and high positive parenting predicts high positive affect. Sex difference was found in the reactivity to mood induction stimuli, in a way that girls respond more positive to positive stimulus and more negative to negative stimulus than boys.Vanderbilt UniversityPsychology and Human DevelopmentPeabody CollegeThesis completed in partial fulfillment of the requirements of the Honors Program in Psychological Science
Executive Function, Coping, and Psychological Adjustment in Pediatric Brain Tumor Survivors
No full textThis study investigates the association between cognitive function and how children cope with the stress of treatment of a brain tumor. This study used cognitive assessments and questionnaires to measure cognitive function, coping strategies, and emotional and behavioral problems in children aged 6 to 16 years near the time of diagnosis of a brain tumor and at four follow-up time-points up to 2 years post-diagnosis. The associations between domains of cognitive function, coping strategies (primary control coping, secondary control coping, disengagement coping) and emotional and behavioral problems were examined using correlational analyses.While new treatments have increased the survival rate of pediatric patients with brain
tumors, they have also left this population with many adverse cognitive, emotional, and
behavioral outcomes. Prior research provides evidence to support an association between
cognitive function and use of complex secondary control coping strategies (e.g., acceptance and cognitive reappraisal). In children with brain tumors and other populations of children with chronic illness, these coping strategies have been associated with fewer adjustment problems.The present study used cognitive assessments and questionnaires to measure cognitive function, coping strategies, and emotional and behavioral problems in children aged 6 to 16 years near the time of diagnosis of a brain tumor and at four follow-up time-points up to 2 years post-diagnosis.The associations between domains of cognitive function, coping strategies (primary control coping, secondary control coping, disengagement coping) and emotional and behavioral
problems were examined using correlational analyses. Significant correlations were found
between working memory and secondary control coping across all time-points. Correlations between secondary control coping and adjustment (including attention problems and symptoms of anxiety and depression) were also significant. There was no significant association between working memory and adjustment. Future directions and implications are discussed.Vanderbilt UniversityPsychology and Human DevelopmentPeabody Colleg
Born & Raised: Reaching into a Disjointed Past
No full textFinal project for ENGL 277 Asian American Literature; Spring 2015 --Stranger in a Home Land: Asian American Literature and the Mechanisms of Alienation
go Greek?
No full textFinal project for ENGL 277 Asian American Literature; Spring 2015 --Stranger in a Home Land: Asian American Literature and the Mechanisms of Alienation.Paper accompanied by video
“From Gold Rush to Bust: Misplaced Confidence and the Rise and Fall of Page, Bacon & Co. of California, 1850-1855”
No full textHistory Department Honors Thesis, 2015, awarded Highest Honors.Department of HistoryCollege of Arts and Scienc
Insider Trading in Derivatives Markets
No full textarticle published in law journalThe prohibition against insider trading is becoming increasingly anachronistic in markets where derivatives like credit default swaps (CDS) operate. Lenders use these instruments to trade the credit risk of the loans they extend. By design, CDS appear to subvert insider trading laws, insofar as lenders rely on what looks like insider information to transfer or externalize the risk of a loan to another institution. At the same time, the harm caused by using insider information in CDS markets can depart radically from the harms envisioned under existing case law. In the traditional account of insider trading, shareholders systematically lose against informed insiders. However, with CDS trading, shareholders of the debtor company can emerge as winners where this company enjoys access to cheaper credit and lower funding costs. A thorough re-thinking of traditional theory is thus required, as well as a more robust, theoretical account of the efficiency and welfare implications of insider trading in a world animated by complex derivatives markets. This Article shows that trading on insider information in CDS can improve at least the informational, if not also the allocative efficiency of financial markets in ways traditional accounts have scarcely anticipated. However, in doing so, CDS markets reveal that this informational gain can render markets "too" efficient where they impound new information selectively and with such force that market stability itself can suffer. Collectively, these observations suggest a need to revisit the insider trading prohibition itself – and to explore whether consistency can (and should) be brought to supervisory approaches in U.S. equity and derivatives markets
Well-Oiled Machines: Collaborative Work in Robotics
No full textTeaching and Learning Department capstone projectThis paper explores the benefits and drawbacks of collaboration in robotics education. Robotics programs are growing across the country, but little guidance has been offered so far by research as to how these programs should be structured. The importance of getting it right quickly is paramount in a fast-moving field such as robotics. Most programs involve collaboration in small groups with a competition as the final goal. Some worry that a focus on competition may attract only a small segment of learners, and produce a non-diverse field. Some new programs include collaboration between small groups to achieve larger cooperative goals such as exhibitions. The benefits of collaboration will be discussed including the results of small group work, and the potential for broadening the spectrum of students who engage in robotics. This paper will divide its exploration into four sections: learner, learning context, curriculum, and assessment. Learners are viewed through a constructionist lens and they can be attracted to robotics for different reasons. The learning context of robotics is complex and flowing, and the collaborative nature of the environment produces many complex results for student outcomes. The curricula of robotics programs around the country vary widely, but can be very effective if the learning goal is kept in mind when the curriculum is designed. Assessing learning for collaborative robotics can be aided by several key strategies. Following the consideration of the four perspectives, the implications of the paper will be summarized, limitations will be presented, and areas for further research will be proposed. The author believes that this paper holds important results for the budding field of robotics education, including conclusions about optimal group size, proper teacher involvement, and methods for applying robotics to peripheral subject matter learning.Department of Teaching and LearningPeabody College of Education and Human Developmen
Hunting Indians: Globally Circulating Ideas and Frontier Practices in the Colombian Llanos
No full textIn the mid-twentieth century, renewed colonization of the Llanos region of Colombia brought escalated violence to the closely related Guahibo and Cuiva peoples. This violence was made public by two dramatic episodes that became international scandals: a December 1967 massacre of sixteen Cuivas at La Rubiera Ranch, and a 1970 military crackdown on an uprising by members of a Guahibo agricultural cooperative in Planas. The scandals exposed both particular human rights abuses and the regional tradition of literally hunting indigenous people, and provoked widespread outrage. While contemporaries treated these events as aberrations, they can best be explained as the consequence of policies that organize and manage frontiers. Both events took place in a region undergoing rapid settlement by migrants, affected by cattle and oil interests, missionaries, the Colombian military, and U.S. counterinsurgency trainers. This paper draws on archival research to trace the events involved and explains their relation to globally circulating policies, practices, and ideas of frontier making. It illustrates how Colombians eager to expand their frontier in the Llanos emulated and adapted ideas of human inequality, moral geographies that make violence acceptable in frontier areas, economic policies that dispossess native peoples, and strategies of counterinsurgency warfare from distant sources. Ironically, their quest for modernity through frontier expansion licensed new deployments of “archaic” violence. The Llanos frontier was thus enmeshed in an interchange of frontier-making techniques that crisscrosses the world, but particularly unites Latin America and the United States
The Role of the Elementary Assistant Principal: Allocating Resources Effectively?
No full textLeadership Policy and Organizations Department capstone projectVanderbilt UniversityDepartment of Leadership Policy and OrganizationsPeabody College of Education and Human Developmen
Purposivism in the Executive Branch: How Agencies Interpret Statutes
No full textarticle published in law reviewAfter decades of debate, the lines of distinction between textualism and purposivism have been carefully drawn with respect to the judicial task of statutory interpretation. Far less attention has been devoted to the question of how executive branch officials approach statutory interpretation. While scholars have contrasted agencies’ interpretive practices from those of courts, they have not yet developed a theory of agency statutory interpretation.
This Article develops a purposivist theory of agency statutory interpretation on the ground that regulatory statutes oblige agencies to implement the statutes they administer in that manner. Regulatory statutes not only grant powers but also impose a duty on agencies to carry out those powers in accordance with the principles or purposes the statutes establish. To comply with that duty, agencies must develop a conception of the purposes that the statute requires them to pursue and select a course of action that best carries forward those purposes within the means permitted by the statute; in short, agencies must take a purposivist approach. Moreover, this Article argues that agencies’ institutional capacities — a familiar constellation of expertise, indirect political accountability, and ability to vet proposals before adopting them — make them ideally suited to carry out the task of purposive interpretation.
Understanding agency interpretation as purposive by statutory design has significant implications for long-standing debates. First, it suggests that the focus of judicial review should be on the agency’s specification of the statute’s purposes and chosen means to implement those purposes, questions that are not squarely addressed by the Chevron doctrine. Second, by providing an account of the character of the agency’s statutory duties, this analysis helps to distinguish appropriate from inappropriate political and presidential influences on the agency. Finally, investigating the debate between purposivism and textualism beyond the courts exposes a renewed promise — and project — for purposivism