International Archives of Medicine (E-Journal)
Not a member yet
263 research outputs found
Sort by
Evaluation Of The Overload Of Care In Families Of Psychiatric Patients In Psychosocial Care Center
Get PDFIntroduction: The burden of care in family refers to the weight caused by the primary caregiver role to psychiatric patients and the difficulties encountered in performing this function in daily life.
Objectives: Assessing the objective and subjective overload of family members who live with the reality of psychiatric disorder in a child day-care psychosocial care center. Methods: Cross-sectional study, descriptive-exploratory, of quantitative approach, with non-probabilistic samples of accidental type with 80 families of psychiatric patients held in a Psychosocial Care Center. For overload evaluation, the subscales "B" and "D" of the Family Overload Rating Scale (FBIS-BR) were used.
Results: The study was conducted with 80 families of psychiatric patients. The average age of female caregivers was 39,6 years old, and 40,7 years old for male caregivers, with female predominance (87,5%) compared to men (12,5%), with low education for both genres. Family caregivers presented high objective burden due to excessive demand attention (p<0,001), heteroaggressiveness (p<0,001) and perplexing behavior of psychiatric patients regarding the supervision of problematic behaviors (p<0,001). The items on the impact on the family's daily routine have not helped to generate objective overload for the family members. On subjective overload, it was clear to observe familiar members with high degree of disturbance in all the dimensions assessed (p < 0,001).
Conclusion: The high degree of care overload observed in family members indicates the need to develop contacts with the family of the psychiatric patient to answer questions, offer support and assistance to the family caregiver.
Keywords: Caregivers. Patients. Mental Health Services
Assessment Of Treatment For Hypertension In Primary Care
Get PDFBackground: Because hypertension is a multifactorial clinical condition, primary care in this context consists in strategies for detecting and controlling the disease. Programs emphasizing
this level of care incentive evaluative research as fundamental to generate mechanisms for quality assessment and control, as well as to provide information on the functioning and effectiveness of the health system. The present study aimed to evaluate the quality of health
care provided for hypertensive users in primary health care.
Methods and findings: This is an evaluative research conducted by triangulation of methods
in which the quantitative and qualitative approaches were simultaneously used through
observation, application of questionnaires, interviews and focus group data including
managers, workers and users of a primary health care unit. The study showed that the health
service has fulfilled its role of welcoming users through multidisciplinary teams as a gateway
to the public system. However, the link between the health team and the community has been
gradually undermined by the implementation of spontaneous demand with risk classification,
compromising the continuity of treatment for hypertension.
Conclusions: Multidisciplinary team and empowerment of individuals are fundamental for
the qualification of care. However, the care provided for hypertensive users in primary care
has in most cases been fragmented after the implementation of the system of free access with
risk classification. This fact points to the need to adapt the care needs of hypertensive users to
the new health care model.  
Impact Of Wounds In The Assistance To Basic Human Needs In Intensive Care
Get PDFObjective: to understand the impact of soft tissue injuries in the provision of assistance to Basic Human Needs of customers by the nursing staff in the Adult Intensive Care Unit of a hospital in Pernambuco, Brazil.
Methodology: this is a descriptive study with quantitative character, performed with 104 nurses in December 2015. A questionnaire drawn from Wanda Horta's theory was used for data collection.
Results: the most judicious care provided by the multidisciplinary team (81.7%) and the establishment of bond between professionals and clients (57.7%) were found to be the main positive effects. However, negative effects were outstanding, indicated by increased hospital stay (86.5%) and feeling of anxiety (72.1%). Despite the interference of lesions, body care (86%), communication (63.3%), and religiosity/spirituality (43.3%) needs were referred to as met.
Conclusion: the presence of wounds represents a difficulty to meet needs, although they bring some positive impact on the client. However, while recognizing the importance of valuing the customer subjectivity, this aspect is not yet addressed with proper attention.
Keywords: Intensive Care Unit; Injuries; Nursing Care; Basic needs.
 
General anesthetics in children: neurotoxic or neuroprotective?
Get PDFIntroduction: general anesthetics are involved in neuroprotection in adults after ischemic events and cognitive impairment, thus, they also may be associated with learning disorders in children exposed to them before three years of age.
Objective: Describe about the neurotoxic effects of general anesthetics in experimental animals and children.
Method: This is a systematic review, performed from search in databases and on PubMed using the keywords "neurotoxicity" and "general anesthetics," and "general anesthetics," "neurotoxicity", "children", "young child "and" pediatric ".
Results: The search resulted in 185 articles. Out of these, 78 met our inclusion criteria. We found that there was a significant evidence of neurotoxicity induced by general anesthetics in experimental animals that were just born, resulting in late and permanent cognitive deficits. This effect was associated with multiple exposures, exposure length of time and combination of drugs. However, some studies found cognitive impairment after a single exposure to anesthetic.
Conclusion: There is insufficient evidence to state that general anesthetics are neurotoxic and have the potential to trigger learning and behavior disabilities in children. However, we suggest caution in indicating surgery in children under three years old, analyzing risk-benefit and inserting the family in the decision process.
Keywords: Neurotoxicity; Neuroprotection; Cognitive Impairment; Children; General Anesthesics
 
Evidences About The Skills Of Nursing Professionals Regarding The Protocol In Basic Life Support
Get PDFObjective: To analyze the available scientific evidence about the skills of nursing professionals regarding the protocols of care in Basic Life Support.
Method: An integrative review performed in the databases LILACS, PUBMED, COCHRANE LIBRARY and other sources of literature, in March and April 2016, using the controlled descriptors "Emergency Nursing", "Knowledge", "Cardiac Arrest", "Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation". There were selected 27 articles based on the inclusion criteria.
Results: The main researches identified about the main challenges and knowledge experienced by nursing in the urgency and the emergency services facing cardiorespiratory arrest. It was noticed that the years 2010, 2012 and 2013 corresponded to the period with the greatest number of scientific articles published about the subject researched, being 2012 as the major year in publications.
Conclusion: Nursing qualification programs for care are a way to approach their practical reality, standardizing care
Experiences Of Mothers Of Children With Congenital Heart Disease
Get PDFIntroduction: This article discusses the experience of mothers during the process of falling ill of their children with congenital heart disease.
Method: This is a descriptive research with qualitative approach conducted with nine mothers who had their babies admitted to a pediatric cardiology unit in a reference center for treatment of congenital heart disease in the North and Northeast regions in Brazil located in Fortaleza, Ceará. Information and reports on the experience of these mothers emerging from the diagnosis process, surgery, treatment and hospitalization were collected in semi-structured individual interviews. After interviews, the testimonies of mothers were transcribed in full-length, identifying the speeches with the codes M1, M2,...M9, thereby ensuring anonymity. We used the thematic analysis technique of Minayo (2012) for treatment of information and design of the content of this article. This article is part of the research project: Breastfeeding babies with heart disease, approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the Messejana Hospital, under Opinion No 1,285,784.
Results: The study demonstrated that infants with congenital heart disease require specific and specialized care and that mothers undertake a long and sometimes painful journey in the search for the healing of their child.
Conclusion: Based on the collected speeches, we learned that mothers also need to be assisted by professionals of the health team. They must support the mother's empowerment in the child care and strengthen the relationship of the mother-infant binomial, and help in coping and adapting to the reality in the process of falling ill and healing of their child.
Key words: Congenital heart disease. Experience of mother
Nervous Communications In The Upper Limb. A Cadaveric Study
Get PDFBackground: Anatomical variations of the terminal branches of the brachial plexus in terms of communication between nerves at the level of upper limb have been reported, these communications were median and musculocutaneous nerve, median and ulnar nerve, radial and ulnar nerve (at level humeral), but communications between the radial and ulnar nerve at level of the forearm are very rare.
Methods and Findings: 34 upper extremities of 15 male and 2 females embalmed adults cadavers in the laboratory of Morphology of the University of Pamplona. The upper limbs were studied serially during the years 2013-2016. Of the 34 upper limbs studied in the Laboratory of Morphology of the University of Pamplona, in a 75 year-old male cadaver anatomical variations were found, dissected carefully and morphological details were photographed, these variations consisted of nervous communications between median and musculocutaneous nerve in the arm, median and ulnar nerve in the forearm, radial and ulnar nerve in the forearm.
Conclusions: Knowledge of these communications is of clinical significance. Surgical, therapeutic and diagnostically invasive procedures require extreme caution to prevent lesions of the anastomotic branches
Functional capacity as a factor promoting the quality of life of the elderly
Get PDFObjective: To evaluate the functional capacity of the elderly and their association with quality of life.
Method: A transversal, descriptive and analytical study was carried out by an individual and anonymous interview to 247 elderly people. A structured questionnaire was used, composed of sociodemographic characterization, Katz Index, Lawton & Brody Scale and MOS SF-36 - Medical Outcome Study Short Form - 36.
Results: It was found that 80.6% of the elderly were independent in the ADL and 79.8% were independent in the IADL. On the whole, they show a reasonable quality of life. The study of the correlation between the results of the perception of the quality of life and the levels of independence in the ADL and the IADL revealed that the more independent elderly people tend to perceive a better quality of life.
Conclusion: These results can contribute to the nurses developing intervention measures that promote the maintenance or recovery of the functional capacity of the elderly and, consequently, improve their quality of life.
Keywords: Aged; Quality of Life; Activities of Daily Living; Nursing; Aging.
 
Education Strategies Through Simulation For Training In Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Treatment
Get PDFTheoretical and reflective study based on scientific literature and critical analysis of authors related to teaching strategies through simulation for training in cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). Current teaching methodologies CPR involve realistic simulation strategies and simulations in virtual environments, but the first method provides the best results, allowing proactivity of individuals in their teaching-learning process and bringing them the experience of a life threatening situation. It is noteworthy that health professionals need to be able to assist a victim in cardiac arrest, but even existing effective teaching methodologies to enable them in this subject, is not fully applicable in the Brazilian context of health education
Obstetric Nursing: An Integrative Review
No full textEvidence-based research, tend to encourage the development and / or use of the results found, in the clinical practice. The amount and complexity of information in health, requires the production of literature review methods, such as integrative review, which provide a support in the form of synthesis. The aim of this study was to analyze the scientific literature available on midwifery in SciELO database from 2010 to 2015. It presents general concepts and stages of development of the integrative review, as well as relevant aspects of the applicability of this method for research in nursing and health in general. The integrative review is a research method that allows a systematic search, critical assessment and the promotion of a synthesis of the available evidence on the subject investigated.The publications reviewed here, have shown how it is relevant to clinical practice, the participation of nursing in all stages of the gestational cycle, including childbirth and the postpartum period. Also provided to identify gaps that that will direct the development of future research, such as those relating to liability issues of the nursing area hardly contemplated in studies of care in obstetrics.
Keywords: Research. obstetric nursing. Health