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Did COVID-19 impact contraceptive uptake? Evidence from Senegal
No full textThis study assessed the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the number of new contraceptive acceptors in Senegal overall and by method. Monthly service data from March 2019 to December 2020 were extracted for the number of new contraceptive users of IUDs, implants, injectables, and oral contraceptive pills (OCPs). Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and interrupted time series analysis for trend analyses overall and by the contraceptive method. Following the announcement of the first COVID-19 case in Senegal in March 2020, there was an immediate significant decrease in the number of new acceptors overall, and for new users of implants and injectables. From March–December 2020, the trend in monthly new family planning acceptors increased overall, mainly driven by significant increases in new IUD and implant acceptors. Compared to the period before the onset of COVID-19, there was a statistically significant shift from shorter-acting methods (OCPs, injectables) to long-acting reversible methods (IUDs, implants). Despite the immediate adverse impact of COVID-19-related restrictions, the number of new acceptors rebounded, trends in the number of new monthly acceptors significantly increased, and there was a significant shift to longer-acting methods
What works to improve outcomes for Kenya’s adolescent girls?
Get PDFThe Adolescent Girls Initiative-Kenya is a study that evaluates the long-term impact of a multi-sectoral intervention targeted at adolescent girls aged 11 to 15 years from Kibera and rural Wajir. The intervention consisted of four different components: a community-based violence prevention program, an education conditional cash transfer (CCT), health-focused girls\u27 empowerment clubs, and wealth creation for girls via financial education and savings activities. This brief looks at the impact of the two-year program in Wajir County four years after it ended
The Social and Behavior Change Business Case Model for Family Planning: An Interactive Tool
No full textThis online interactive model was developed based on work done for Breakthrough RESEARCH\u27s Business Case for Investing in Social and Behavior Change for Family Planning.
This tool is meant to help users plan effective SBC programs by guiding them through a series of steps necessary to see how a potential set of SBC interventions might impact the modern contraceptive prevalence rate (mCPR) and the costs and cost-effectiveness of these interventions. Users can use this tool to help design potential SBC programs, to understand whether a planned investment will have the intended impact and cost-effectiveness, or to adjust potential programming to see what combination of SBC interventions and what interventions align with the user\u27s budget and intended impact
User guide—The social and behavior change business case model for family planning: Web application
Get PDFThe Social and Behavior Change Business Case Model for Family Planning is an interactive web application developed by Breakthrough RESEARCH, which leverages prior research on the costs of social and behavior change (SBC) interventions and the impact of SBC interventions on family planning (FP) use. A version of the model was used for the 2019 report, The Business Case for Investing in Social and Behavior Change for Family Planning, which demonstrated that SBC investments for FP can be highly cost-effective by applying illustrative investment scenarios in Guinea and Zambia. Since the 2019 report, the model has been updated to incorporate more research on the link between SBC investments and health outcomes and model refinement so that users can enter their own country-specific investment scenarios and review the estimated health impact and cost-effectiveness results
DREAMS Implementation Science: Data from surveys with men in Eswatini (Round 2)
No full textThe Population Council is the research partner to DREAMS—a global partnership to reduce HIV infections among adolescent girls and young women (AGYW) in over 10 sub-Saharan African countries and Haiti. DREAMS aims to reduce HIV infections among AGYW. This dataset contains data from Round 2 of a cross-sectional survey with men (aged 20–34 years) interviewed in 2018 at community hot spots or HIV service sites 19 Tinkhundla (similar to districts) in Eswatini. These data are from a Population Council-led implementation science study to assess HIV risk and service use among male partners of AGYW. Round 1 data (a separate cross-sectional sample; collected December 2016–February 2017) are available at a separate dataverse site, hosted by MEASURE Evaluation: https://dataverse.unc.edu/dataset.xhtml?persistentId=doi:10.15139/S3/QABDZL
Can community pharmacists and patent proprietary medicine vendors retain family planning knowledge over time? Findings from the IntegratE Project in Kaduna and Lagos States, Nigeria
No full textThe IntegratE project is a proof-of-concept that Community Pharmacists (CPs) and Patent and Proprietary Medicine Vendors (PPMVs) have the capacity to provide a wider range of family planning (FP) and primary health care (PHC) services than they are currently authorized by law to provide. The project seeks to improve the quality of FP and PHC services provided by CPs and PPMVs and support the creation of an enabling environment that will sustain these services. The data set includes 559 CPs and PPMVs who completed a self-administered questionnaire in two groups (rounds 1 and 2) from February 2019–January 2021 in Kaduna and Lagos states, Nigeria on the IntegratE project. The focus of the study was the assessment of CPs and PPMVs\u27 knowledge as they relate to the provision of FP counseling, injectable and implant contraceptive services at three points in time: 1) before the training; 2) immediately after the training; and 3) 9-months after the training
Barriers and facilitators of access to maternal, newborn and child health services during the first wave of COVID-19 pandemic in Nigeria: Findings from a qualitative study
No full textBackground: COVID-19 pandemic may have affected the utilization of maternal and newborn child health services in Nigeria but the extent, directions, contextual factors at all the levels of healthcare service delivery in Nigeria is yet to be fully explored. The objective of the study was to explore the barriers and facilitators of access to MNCH services during the first wave of COVID-19 pandemic in Nigeria. Methods: A qualitative study was conducted among different stakeholder groups in 18 public health facilities in Nigeria between May and July,2020. In-depth interviews were conducted among 54 study participants (service users, service providers and policymakers) selected from across the three tiers of public health service delivery system in Nigeria (primary health centers, secondary health centers and tertiary health centers). Coding of the qualitative data and identification of themes from the transcripts were carried out and thematic approach was used for data analyses. Results: Barriers to accessing MNCH services during the first wave of COVID-19-pandemic in Nigeria include fear of contracting COVID-19 infection at health facilities, transportation difficulties, stigmatization of sick persons, lack of personal protective equipment (PPE) /medical commodities, long waiting times at hospitals, shortage of manpower, lack of preparedness by health workers, and prioritization of essential services. Enablers to access include the COVID-19 non-pharmacological measures instituted at the health facilities, community sensitization on healthcare access during the pandemic, and alternative strategies for administering immunization service at the clinics. Conclusion: Access to MNCH services were negatively affected by lockdown during the first wave of COVID-19 pandemic in Nigeria particularly due to challenges resulting from restrictions in movements which affected patients/healthcare providers ability to reach the hospitals as well as patients’ ability to pay for health care services. Additionally, there was fear of contracting COVID-19 infection at health facilities and the health systems inability to provide enabling conditions for sustained utilization of MNCH services. There is need for government to institute alternative measures to halt the spread of diseases instead of lockdowns so as to ensure unhindered access to MNCH services during future pandemics. This may include immediate sensitization of the general public on modes of transmission of any emergent infectious disease as well as training of health workers on emergency preparedness and alternative service delivery models
Association of traditional marital practices with contraceptive decision-making, couple communication, and method use among couples in rural Maharashtra, India
No full textIn India, traditional social practices around marriage, such as non-involvement of prospective brides in choice of partner and timing of marriage, child/early marriage, dowry and purdah, compromise women’s agency at the time of marriage and may also affect contraceptive practices in marriage. This paper examines the associations between traditional marital practices and contraceptive behaviours, including women’s control over contraceptive decision-making, couples’ communication about contraception, and ever use of contraceptives, among married women aged 18–29 years (N = 1,200) and their husbands in rural Maharashtra, India. Multivariable logistic regression was used to examine the association between these marginalising social practices and family planning behavioural outcomes, adjusting for demographic and parity confounders. Wives who were the primary decision-makers on who to marry had higher odds of ever having communicated with their husband on pregnancy prevention (AOR 1.76, 95% CI 1.16-2.68), and ever using modern contraceptives (AOR 2.19, 95% CI 1.52-3.16). Wives who were the primary decision-makers on when to marry also had higher odds of ever having used modern contraceptives (AOR 1.86, 95% CI 1.21-2.93). Women’s involvement in marital choice may facilitate couples’ engagement related to family planning, possibly via the establishment of better communication between partners
Setting up a research agenda for financing sexual and reproductive health services toward achieving universal health coverage in South Asia
No full textMaternal education, health care system and child health: Evidence from India
No full textGlobal evidence suggests that maternal education is a crucial determinant of a child\u27s health. The health system moderates the maternal education and child health relationship. However, there is sparse evidence on which direction health system moderates this relationship, especially in developing nations because of limited data availability. In order to address this gap in the evidence, we study this question in the Indian context, where the health system is still in a transitioning phase. We use two nationally representative surveys, the fourth round of the National Family Health Survey (2015–16) and the fourth round of the District Level Health Survey data (2012–13), to estimate the effects of maternal education and the health care system on child death and child anaemia. We map district-level data on health infrastructure and human resources information with individual-level information on health outcome, insurance, and antenatal care coverage along with other socio-economic characteristics. In accordance with global evidence, we find that maternal education remains an important determinant of child health outcomes in India too. However, the association between maternal education and child health outcomes weakens in the presence of a poor health care system. Health system improvement first benefits the already privileged in the Indian context. Yet, it should not hinder the policy focus either on the improvement of women\u27s education or the medical care system