6867 research outputs found
Sort by
Promouvoir les opportunités pour les adolescentes dans la région du Sahel grâce à une programmation fondée sur des données probantes
No full textInvesting in the sexual and reproductive health of adolescents in Pakistan [in Urdu]
Get PDFMany adolescents in Pakistan are at risk of experiencing poor reproductive health, which is associated with adverse consequences such as early childbearing and parenthood, pregnancy complications, and maternal death and disability. For instance, about one in five married adolescent women aged 15–19 years in Pakistan have begun childbearing, often without the support of policies and programs that would enable them to make informed and voluntary decisions to protect their health and exercise their reproductive rights. The data in this fact sheet come from the Adding It Up project, which examines the need for, impact of and cost of fully investing in reproductive health care in low- and middle-income countries, and the 2017–2018 Pakistan Demographic and Health Survey. The fact sheet presents data on the unmet needs for reproductive health care for adolescent women aged 15–19 in Pakistan, as well as the related benefits and costs of meeting such needs
Determinants of school dropouts among adolescents: Evidence from a longitudinal study in India
No full textIntroduction: India has the largest adolescent population in the world. However, many unprivileged Indian adolescents are still unable to complete schooling. Hence, there is a need to understand the reasons for school dropout among this population. The present study is an attempt to understand the determinants of school dropout among adolescents and identify the factors and reasons that contribute to it. Material and methods: Longitudinal survey data- Understanding Adults and Young Adolescents (UDAYA) for Bihar and Uttar Pradesh has been used to identify the determinants of school dropout among adolescents aged 10–19. The first wave of the survey was conducted in 2015–2016, and the follow-up survey in 2018–2019. Descriptive statistics along with bivariate and multivariate analysis was used to observe school dropout rates and factors associated with it among adolescents. Results: Results show that the school dropout rate was highest among married girls aged 15–19 years (84%), followed by unmarried girls (46%), and boys (38%) of the same age group. The odds of school dropout among adolescents decreased with an increase in household wealth status. School dropout was significantly less likely among adolescents whose mothers were educated as compared to mothers who had no education. Younger boys [AOR: 6.67; CI: 4.83–9.23] and girls [AOR: 2.56; CI: 1.79–3.84] who engaged in paid work were 6.67 times and 2.56 times more likely to drop out of school than those who were not. The likelihood of school dropout was 3.14 times more likely among younger boys [AOR: 3.14; CI: 2.26–4.35], and it was 89% more likely among older boys [AOR: 1.89; CI: 1.55–2.30] who consumed any substances as compared to those who did not consume any substances. Both younger [AOR: 2.05; CI: 1.37–3.05] and older girls [AOR: 1.30; CI: 1.05–1.62] who acknowledged at least one form of discriminatory practice by parents were more likely to drop out of school than their counterparts. Lack of interest in studies/education not necessary (43%) was the predominant reason among younger boys for school dropout, followed by family reasons (23%) and paid work (21%). Conclusions: Dropout was prevalent among lower social and economic strata. Mother’s education, parental interaction, participation in sports and having role models reduce school dropout. Conversely, factors such as being engaged in paid work, substance abuse among boys, and gender discriminatory practices towards girls, are risk factors for dropout among adolescents. Lack of interest in studies and familial reasons also increase dropout. There is a need to improve the socio-economic status, delay the marital age of girls, and enhance the government incentives for education, give rightful work to girls after schooling, and provide awareness
Women want choices: Opinions from the Share.Learn.Shape global internet survey about multipurpose prevention technology (MPT) products in development
No full textWomen need multipurpose prevention technologies (MPTs) to simultaneously prevent sexually transmitted infections (STIs), including HIV, with or without contraception. User feedback early in product development is critical for maximizing uptake and continuation. Our global online survey (April 2017–December 2018) explored women’s opinions about MPT formulations in development (e.g., fast-dissolving vaginal inserts, vaginal films, intravaginal rings, injectables, implants), preferences for long-acting or “on-demand” methods, and interest in a contraceptive MPT versus products for HIV/STI prevention alone. Of the 630 women in our final analysis (mean 30 years old; range 18–49), 68% were monogamous, 79% completed secondary education, 58% had ≥ 1 child, 56% were from sub-Saharan Africa and 82% preferred a cMPT versus HIV/STI prevention alone. There were no clear preferences for any specific product or product type (long-acting, on-demand, daily). No single product will appeal everyone, however, adding contraception is likely to increase uptake of HIV/STI prevention methods for most women
Modeling pathways to describe how maternal health care providers’ mental health influences the provision of respectful maternity care in Malawi
No full textIntroduction: Maternal health (MH) providers may experience traumatic events, such as maternal or fetal death, that can contribute to stress and burnout. Past trauma, poor working relationships, and under-resourced environments not only affect providers’ own emotional well-being but also reduce their ability to provide respectful maternity care (RMC). Methods: Data were collected in mid-2021 as a cross-sectional survey with 302 MH providers working in 25 maternities in 3 districts in Malawi to measure burnout, depression, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). We present a pathway model describing how these factors interact and influence RMC. We used the provider-reported person-centered maternity care scale to measure RMC; the Maslach Burnout Inventory, which examines emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and professional accomplishment; and standard validated screening tools to measure the prevalence of depression and PTSD. Results: Although levels of burnout varied, 30% of MH providers reported high levels of exhaustion, feelings of cynicism manifesting as depersonalization toward their clients (17%), and low levels of professional accomplishment (42%). Moderate to severe depression (9%) and suicidal ideation within the past 2 weeks (10%) were also recorded. Many (70%) reported experiencing an event that could trigger PTSD, and 12% reported at least 4 of 5 symptoms in the PTSD scale. Path analysis suggests that depression and emotional exhaustion negatively influence RMC, and depersonalization is mediated through depression. PTSD has no direct effect on RMC, but increased PTSD scores were associated with increased burnout and depression scores. Positive relationships with facility managers were significantly associated with increased RMC and decreased emotional exhaustion and depersonalization. Conclusion: Burnout will continue to be a challenge among MH providers. However, pragmatic approaches for improving teamwork, psychosocial, and managerial support for MH providers working in challenging environments may help mitigate burnout, improve MH provider well-being, and, in turn, RMC for women seeking MH services
Leave no one behind: Integrated sexual and reproductive, mental health and psychosocial programming for not in employment, education or training (NEET) adolescents and youth in sub-Saharan Africa
No full textCoût de la programmation du changement social et comportemental pour la planification familiale
No full textThe impact of primary schooling expansion on adult educational attainment, literacy, and health: Evidence from India’s Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan
No full textIn 2001–2002, India launched a schooling infrastructure program called the Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan (SSA). We examined the long-term associations of SSA with adult education and health. We used data from a national survey and employed fixed-effects regression models to compare outcomes of adults who were originally eligible for primary school during four years before (control) and after 2001 (intervention). Intervention group adults had 0.2 higher grade attainment, 0.04 points higher literacy test score (0–2 scale), and 0.12 higher weight-for-height z-score as compared with the control group. SSA was associated with improved education and health outcomes across socioeconomic subgroups but did not appear to reduce gender gaps substantially
Evaluation of Biruh Tesfa (Bright Future) for All: A program for out-of-school girls, migrants, and domestic workers in low-income Ethiopian cities
Get PDFBiruh Tesfa (“Bright Future)” is the name of a program designed in the mid-2000s to address the disadvantage of out-of-school girls in urban Ethiopia. The program was originally designed to address social isolation by bringing girls together in safe spaces groups with adult female mentors and providing them with skills-building activities, including life skills, reproductive health, HIV education, nonformal education and referrals, and training. This evaluation examines various aspects of the Biruh Tesfa for All Program: characteristics of beneficiaries, including domestic workers; patterns of attendance, absenteeism, and dropout; indicators of mental health such as self-reported anxiety, sadness, and depression; and acquisition of literacy and numeracy skills. Where data allow, we compare the prevalence of factors at both baseline and endline, testing for significant differences between survey rounds. We use logistic regression to model the odds of experiencing selected outcomes, such as self-reported mental health measures and aspects of literacy and numeracy acquisition. Based on the results of this evaluation, we highlight the key lessons learned and recommendations for future programs for highly marginalized girls in poor urban settings