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Inequalities in Mental Health Services for Romani and Travellers - Time for Social Work to Step up?
No full textRomani and Traveller communities in the UK and Ireland are in the midst of a mental health crisis. These communities have suffered epistemic injustices over the centuries and social work has been part of this structural oppression. Historical and ongoing trauma is ever present, there are disproportionate numbers of their children in care in England and suicide rates are high, yet social workers have very little knowledge of Romani and Traveller communities and are slow to recognise professional complicity in perpetuating inequality.
The research below used mixed methods to elicit views from Romani and Travellers and associated staff about experiences of mental health services and offers social workers an example of authentic co-produced research.
Conclusions are that social work has colluded in the perpetuation of epistemic injustice that has excluded Romani and Traveller people from being able to access mental health services (hermeneutic injustice) and from being listened to or valued (testimonial injustice). Future social work education and practice must be trauma-informed and address this unhappy legacy of epistemic injustices
Development of a Context-based Formative Feedback Practice Framework: A Higher Education Action Research Project
Get PDFFormative Assessment (FA), and Formative Feedback (FF) as a central part of FA, in Higher Education (HE) is a complex and contested process with various definitions, ranging from the nebulous to the highly specific. This has made the practical task of enhancing FA and FF processes in undergraduate courses challenging. This paper reports on an Action Research (AR) project that sought to understand and develop FA and FF practices within an HE Institute of Education. Emphasis was placed on student experiences and perceptions, as well as the importance of considering learner opinions as a valid source of knowledge generation. The starting point for the project was a theoretical exploration of the broader concept of FA, which highlighted the different interpretations within the literature. It also revealed the potential challenges surrounding its practical implementation regarding FF, particularly the divergences between students and lecturers regarding purpose and goals. Following an iterative AR process, the project used this starting point to develop project goals and ethos, collect and analyse data to audit existing FA and FF practices, and design and apply a framework for evaluating and evolving these practices. The paper concludes by reviewing the benefits and limitations of the AR project and offering proposals for further actions
Recording of HIV diagnosis in mental health records: a data linkage cohort study
Get PDFBackground: Mental health professionals play a crucial role in promoting the physical well-being of people with mental illness. Awareness of HIV status can enable professionals in mental health services to provide more comprehensive care. However, it remains uncertain whether mental health professionals consistently document HIV status in mental health records.
Aims: To investigate the extent to which mental health professionals document previously established HIV diagnoses of people with mental illness in mental health records, and to identify the clinical and demographic factors associated with documentation or lack thereof.
Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted using an established data linkage between routinely collected clinical data from secondary mental health services in South London, UK, and national HIV surveillance data from the UK Health Security Agency. Individuals with an HIV diagnosis prior to their last mental health service contact were included. Documented HIV diagnosis in mental health records was assessed.
Results: Among the 4,032 individuals identified as living with HIV, 1,281 (31.8%) did not have their diagnosis recorded in their mental health records. Factors associated with the absence of an HIV diagnosis included being of Asian ethnicity, having certain primary mental health diagnoses including schizophrenia, being older, being with a mental health service for longer, having more clinical mental health appointments, and living in a less deprived area.
Conclusions: A significant number of individuals living with HIV who are receiving mental healthcare in secondary mental health services did not have their HIV diagnosis documented in their mental health records. Addressing this gap could allow mental healthcare providers to support those living with HIV and severe mental illness to manage the complexity of comorbidities and psychosocial impacts of HIV. Mental health services should explore strategies to increase dialogue around HIV in mental health settings
Managing emotions and maintaining wellbeing as an empathic social pedagogue
No full textThis chapter explores our definitions of social pedagogy as a values-led, holistic and relationship- based practice. We advocate both independence and interdependence amongst people within a rich and sustaining relational universe. We argue that relationship-based practice is key to a social pedagogical approach, and explore a range of concepts from professional love, to parent-partnership, to empathic relationships in adult education. The complexity of human encounters is correlated with the concept of Haltung and educators’ expressions of the inner values of congruence, empathy and positive regard through their actions. We offer pedagogues across all phases of education and care ideas to support their own well-being, as well as opportunity to reflect upon the emotional cost that sometimes comes as part and parcel of the teaching profession. We share practical pedagogical tools such as focusing on the ‘heart’ aspect of ‘Head, heart and hands’ and demonstrate the relevance of an approach to practitioner development that encompasses both emotional and spiritual aspects
Perinatal mood episodes in fathers with bipolar disorder
No full textHighlights
• First study examining perinatal mood episodes (PMEs) in fathers with bipolar disorder (BD)
• Over one-third of fathers with BD reported experiencing a PME.
• Differences observed in rate, timing and onset of PMEs between fathers and mothers with BD
• Fathers most commonly reported PMEs during pregnancy and after 6 weeks postpartum.
• Preponderance of high/mixed/psychotic PMEs seen in mothers not observed in fathers
Background
No published research into perinatal mood episodes (PMEs) among fathers with bipolar disorder (BD) exists despite the perinatal period being a time of high-risk for mothers with BD. This study aims to determine the frequency, polarity and timing of onset of PMEs in a large sample of fathers with BD.
Method
Data on PMEs were collected from 196 fathers with a DSM diagnosis of BD. Participants were asked via a self-report questionnaire about the occurrence, type and timing of PMEs during pregnancy up to 6 months postpartum. Findings were compared to data on PMEs collected from mothers with BD using the same method (n = 597).
Results
36.2 % of fathers with BD reported experiencing PMEs, with similar proportions reporting depression and high/mixed mood/psychosis (17 % and 18.6 % respectively). Episode onset was most common during pregnancy (41.9 %) (compared to within 1-week, 1 to 6-weeks, and 6 weeks to 6 months postpartum respectively). Rate of PME in mothers was higher (73.0 %), with high/mixed mood/psychosis more common than depression (44.5 % v 28.1 %), and most common onset within 1-week postpartum (41.3 %).
Limitations
Rates of paternal PMEs in BD in this study are likely inflated due to methodology.
Conclusions
PMEs were commonly reported among fathers with BD. Fathers do not undergo the same biological changes as mothers during the perinatal period which may partly explain the different patterns observed in the type and timings of PMEs between fathers and mothers with BD. Prospective longitudinal studies are needed to explore specific potential risk factors
Abstract: Factors associated with challenges and difficulties providing personal care to someone living with dementia: cross sectional descriptive findings from a UK wide survey of family carers
Get PDFDementia Care Research and Psychosocial Factors: Poster Presentation Abstrac
Evidence of mating-motivated altruistic behaviour in time spent on a shared online task
No full textAltruistic behaviour has been shown to be an important trait in human mate choice, and as such it is often displayed in situations where an individual believes they are in the presence of a potential partner (mating motivation). The current study looked to further explore this finding using an online charity task (www.freerice.com) where time spent is the cost that individuals can incur. Here, heterosexual participants were presented with a shared task with hypothetical partners that were either the opposite or same sex, and asked to complete as much of the task as they wished. The results found that, overall, participants did not spend more time on the shared task (in this case, answering questions on the Free Rice website to earn grains of rice for the World Food Programme) in the presence of opposite sex partners (i.e. mating motivation). It was found, however, that when opposite sex partners were played with first then participants did spend more time on the task than when same sex partners were played with first. It was also found that the decrease in time spent was less when opposite sex partners were played with last. These findings offer partial support for mating motivation leading to increased altruistic behaviour, and also by showing that the above effects were present in men and women, that mutual mate choice is driving such behavior
Case Study: Narrative fieldwork with Sikh diaspora
No full textThe second edition of Qualitative Research is a one-stop resource for all those approaching qualitative research for the first time, as well as those revisiting core concepts and issues. It presents a comprehensive overview of this rapidly developing field of inquiry, cleverly combined with practical, hands-on advice on how to conduct a successful qualitative study.
Written in an engaging and accessible style, this new edition includes updates such as further readings and case studies to help researchers to recognize developments in the field. Further updates include how to use social media in ethical and responsible ways, working with participants at a distance and the pros and cons of analyzing data online. The authors break through difficult terminology to guide readers through the choices they will face during research design, implementation, and publication. Each chapter is brought to life by relevant, real-life examples from expert researchers around the globe. Divided into seven sections, this unique text covers:
• Considering perspectives
• Acknowledging a position
• Framing the study
• Choosing a research approach
• Collecting data
• Working with data and findings
• Writing about the research
This book is enhanced with the addition of online Instructor and Student Resources including videos, diagrams, an instructor manual, PowerPoint slides and links to further resources. These can be found at: routledgelearning.com/qualitativeresearch.
This new edition is an indispensable companion and makes for ideal reading for all those involved in qualitative research worldwide
Digital assistive technologies for community-dwelling people with dementia: A systematic review of systematic reviews by the INTERDEM AI & assistive technology taskforce
Get PDFIntroduction
The use of digital assistive technologies by and for people living with dementia is promising for supporting social health and advocated as a partial solution to growing prevalence worldwide. A state-of-the-art position paper published in 2017 identified challenges regarding digital assistive technologies, around five themes: development, usability, (cost-)effectiveness, implementation and ethics. This systematic review summarizes progress on the challenges found in 2017, and persisting or emerging challenges.
Methods
A systematic review of systematic reviews was conducted, focused on studies published after 2016. The inclusion criteria required that the target group included, at least in part, people with dementia living in the community and that the technologies aimed to support social health. For the five themes, literature searches were conducted in Medline, CINAHL, PsycINFO, and Embase databases.
Results
A total of 112 reviews were included, covering various applications such as smart homes, care robots, exergaming and everyday technologies. No applications of artificial intelligence were included. The challenges included personalization of applications (development); limited use of standardized methods (usability); insufficient quantity and quality of randomized controlled trials (cost-effectiveness); overly high expectations of assistive technologies (implementation); and the need for more equitable access to technologies (ethics).
Conclusion
Much research has been conducted since the 2017 state of the art position paper. While some challenges identified at that time remain relevant, others have been addressed, and new challenges have emerged. Future research should prioritize emerging artificial intelligence applications; the development of integrated assistive technologies; evaluation using robust methods and meaningful outcomes; and the promotion of more accessible and inclusive technologies