Indonesian Journal of Medicine (IJM)
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MicroRNA-155 Tissue Expression in Patients with Breast Cancer at Dr Haji Adam Malik Hospital, Medan
Get PDFBackground: MicroRNA (miRNA) is noncoding-RNA that comprises 18-22 nucleotides. miRNA binds its gene targets in the 3'-untranslated region (3'-UTR), causing direct degradation of mRNA and repressed translation of RNA. MicroRNA regulates various biological processes, including cell proliferation, apoptosis, cell growth, cell differentiation, and metabolism. Various changes have been identified miRNA expression in different types of cancers. This study aimed to describe the expression of miR-155 in patients with breast cancer tissue in Haji Adam Malik Hospital in Medan.Subjects and Method: This was a descriptive study. A total sample was 64 paraffin tissue blocks was taken from female patients with breast cancer at the surgical oncology unit, Haji Adam Malik Hospital in 2013-2014. RNA sample were isolated and checked using a spectrophotometer followed by cDNA synthesis. Then this sample was analyzed for miR-155 expression by using Real Time qPCR. Histopathological grade data were obtained from the medical record.Results: The miR-155 expression in the breast cancer patients is higher than that in the UniSp6 RNA Spike-in (internal controls). miR-155 expression was 29.64, 28.44, 29.22, in grade-I, grade-II, grade-III breast cancer, respectively. UniSp6 RNA Spike-in was 22.30, 22.89, 23.10, respectively in the control groups. Thus, increased of miR-155 expression was the highest in grade I breast cancer patients.Conclusion: Increased miR-155 expression can be used as a biomarker for early diagnosis and prognosis of breast cancer.Keywords: miRNA, miR-155, breast cancer.Correspondence: Henny Erina Saurmauli Ompusunggu. Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, HKBP Nommensen University, Medan. Email: [email protected] Journal of Medicine (2016), 1(1): 20-25https://doi.org/10.26911/theijmed.2016.01.01.0
Path Analysis on the Effects of Bio-psychosocial Factors and Calorie Intake in Blood Glucose Control in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Get PDFBackground: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a serious chronic disease with its tendency to deteriorate. The DM cases worldwide in 2015 was 415 million people and it is estimated to increase as many as 642 million cases in 2040. Indonesia ranked 7 in the world with 10 million cases of DM in 2015, about 90% of which were Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. This study aimed to determine the effect of biopsychosocial factors and calorie intake on the blood glucose control in patients with Type 2 DM.Subjects and Method: This was an analytic and observational study with case control design. This study was carried out at Internal Medicine Polyclinic, Department of Endocrinology, Dr. Moewardi Hospital, Surakarta, Central Java, from October to November 2016. A total sample of 135 cases of Type 2 DM were selected for this study by fixed disease sampling. As many as 106 of these study subjects at HbA1c ≥6.5% and 29 cases of Type 2 DM had HbA1c <6.5%. The dependent variable was HbA1c level. The independent variables were educational level, family income, psychological stress, calorie intake, and Body Mass Index (BMI). The data were collected by a set of questionnaire. HbA1c was measured by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC), which was recorded in the medical record. Calorie intake was measured by 24 hour food recall. Psychological stress was measured by International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). The data was analyzed by path analysis on STATA 13.Results: Psychological stress (b=0.99, 95%CI=0.07 to 1.92, p=0.034), calorie intake (b= 1.84, 95%CI= -0.24 to 3.92, p=0.083), and BMI (b= 1.15, 95%CI= 0.22 to 2.08, p=0.016), had positive and statistically significant effect on HbA1c. Calorie intake increased BMI (b= 2.35, 95%CI=0.31 to 4.39, p=0.024), education decreased calorie intake (b=-2.26, 95%CI= -3.38 to -1.14, p<0.001), and family income increased calorie intake (b= 1.23, 95%CI= 0.26 to 2.21, p= 0.013).Conclusion: Calorie intake, BMI, psychologi stress, and family income are associated with increase in HbA1c level. Education decreases HbA1c level via decreased calorie intake. Type 2 DM patients need to pay attention to these biopsychosocial factors and calorie intake in order to control blood sugar.Keywords: biopsychosocial factors, calorie intake, HbA1cCorrespondence: Isfaizah. Ngudi WaluyoUniversity, Ungaran, Central Java. Email: [email protected]. Mobile: +6281228570003.Indonesian Journal of Medicine (2016), 1(2): 90-99https://doi.org/10.26911/theijmed.2016.01.02.0
Association between hsCRP Levels, Glycemic Control and Total Interatrial Conduction Time in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Get PDFBackground: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) represents one of the most important risk factors for atrial fibrillation (AF). Numerous studies have shown that T2DM and poor glycemic control reflected by glycated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels are independently associated with new onset AF. Recent experimental studies reported that the increased susceptibility to AF in the diabetic patients was presumably due to the slowing of conduction associated with increased interstitial fibrosis. Systemic inflammation cam play role in the development of atrial fibrillation. High-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) is an inflammatory biomarker that independently predicts the cardiovascular risk. This study aimed to determine the association between hsCRP level and glycemic control with total interatrial conduction time in T2DM patients.Subjects and Methods: This was an analytic study with cross-sectional design. A total of samples were 41 patients with T2DM. Peripheral venous blood samples to measure hsCRP and HbA1c were drawn in all study population. The total interatrial conduction time was measured by tissue Doppler echocardiography. Multivariate analysis was performed using multiple regression analysis. P < 0,050 was considered to indicate a statistically significant difference. Results: The high-sensitivity C-reactive protein level was higher in the T2DM patients with HbA1c≥7% than in the T2DM patients with HbA1c<7%, but not statistically significant (0,44±0,30 vs 0,32±0,22; p = 0,183). The total atrial conduction time was longer in the T2DM patients with HbA1c≥7% than in T2DM patients with HbA1c<7%, but not statistically significant (100,29±28,53 vs 94,88±16,50; p = 0,449). Multiple regression analysis showed that hsCRP levels and glycemic control had significant positive correlation with total interatrial conduction time in T2DM patients (r = 0,51; p = 0,004).Conclusions: The hsCRP levels and glycemic control were significant positively correlated with total interatrium conduction time in patients with type 2 diabetes.Keywords: hsCRP, glycemic control, HbA1c, total interatrial conduction time.Correspondence: Isyana Miranti K. Biomedic, Family Medicine Program, Sebelas Maret University, Surakarta. Indonesian Journal of Medicine (2016), 1(1): 58-70https://doi.org/10.26911/theijmed.2016.01.01.0
Factors Associated with Adherence to Blood Glucose Test among Diabetes Mellitus Patients at Prof. Dr. W. Z. Johannes Hospital, Kupang
Get PDFBackground: Blood glucose level test for the Diabetes Mellitus patients is a procedure to monitor blood glucose level control and early detect complication of the disease. This study aimed to investigate the factors associated with adherence to blood glucose test among diabetes mellitus patientsat Prof. dr. W. Z. Johannes Hospital, Kupang.Subjects and Method: This was an analytic study withcross sectional study. A total of 93 Diabetes Mellitus patientswho had attended Internal Medicine Clinic at Prof. dr. W. Z. Johannes Hospital, Kupang, for at least 10 years, were sampled for this study. This sample consisted of 45 patients who adhered and 48 patients did not adhere to blood glucose test. Association of variables under study was analyze by chi square test.Results: There is a positive but weak relationship between adherence to blood glucose test and distance to health care facility (C=0.28; p=0.005), as well as family support(C=0.21; p=0.043).Conclusion: the health care authority should consider providing health care service for diabetes mellitus patients as close as possible to their home. In addition families of the patient are suggested to support their family members with diabetes mellitus in controlling blood glucose regularly.Keywords: adherence, bloo
The Relationship Between Maternal Education, Family Income, Parenting Style, and Language Development in Children Aged 3-4 Years in Boyolali, Central Java
Get PDFBackground: Early childhood is a unique period where development proccess such as language development occurs rapidly. Speech and language disorders are two among the most common problems in children. The first years of life form critical period in children’s life. Maximum brain plasticity occurs during the initial years of life and continues to develop for a few years with slower pace. Sensorik experience, stimulation, and language exposure during this period determine the synaptogenesis, myelinisation, and synaptic relation. National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) reported that speech disorder ocurred approximately 0.9% in children under five, and 1.94% in children aged 5-14 years old. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between maternal education, family income, parenting style, and language development in children aged 3-4 years.Subjects and Method: This was an analytic observational study with cross sectional design. This study was conducted at Kindergarten Nogosari Sub-district, Boyolali, Central Java. A sample of children aged 3-4 years old were selected for this study. The dependent variable was language development. The independent variables were maternal education, family income, and parenting style. The data were analyzed by multiple logistic regression. Results: Maternal education ≥ high school (OR= 25.74; 95% CI= 1.80 to 367.62; p= 0.017), family income ≥ minimum regional wage (OR= 32.98; 95% CI= 2.93 to 370.52; p= 0.005), and democratic parenting style (OR= 20.19; 95% CI= 1.83 to 222.82; p= 0.014), had positive and statistically significant relationships with language development in children aged 3-4 years old.Conclusion: Maternal education ≥ high school, family income ≥ minimum regional wage, and democratic parenting style, have positive and statistically significant relationships with language development in children aged 3-4 years old.Keywords: maternal education, family income, parenting style, child language developmentCorrespondence: Muryanti. School of Health Polytechnics, Poltekkes Surakarta. Email: [email protected] Journal of Medicine (2016), 1(2): 100-107https://doi.org/10.26911/theijmed.2016.01.02.0
Precision and Accuracy of Thyroid Dysfunction Questionnaire (TDQ) for Hyperthyroidism Screening in Childbearing Age Women
Get PDFBackground: Community-based case finding efforts of hyperthyroidism rather not to do, but constrained because accurate markers measurements using hormones
Path Analysis of Factors which Correlated with Dysmenorrhea
Get PDFBackground: All women menstruate every month. There are some disorders suffered by women associated with menstruation, dysmenorrhea is among them. It interferes the women activities, even often requires the sufferers to take a rest and leave classes. The research was purposed to analyze the factors associated with dysmenorrhea.Subjects and Method: This research is an analytical research with cross-sectional approach. The research was conducted on February 23 to March 23, 2016 at Senior High School of Pare, Kediri district. The population study were 452 senior high school students in the Pare who had dysmenorrhea. The samples of research were 198 students by using proportional random sampling technique. The technique for collecting the data was questionnaires. The data were analyzed using path analysis of IBM SPSS AMOS 22.Results: The results showed that the fit model with CMIN = 0.77 (p= 0258); GFI= 0.99; NFI= 0.95; CFI= 0.99; RMSEA= 0.038. The five variables were associated by dysmenorrhea obtained three variables associated indirectly with dysmenorrheal, i.e. physical activity/exercise, BMI and family support and two variables associated with dysmenorrheal directly, i.e. psychological stress (b= 0:36; p <0.001) and the coping mechanisms (b= -0.39; p= 0.002). Obtained of relationships, i.e; family support with coping mechanisms (b= 0:31; p= 0.008); coping mechanisms with psychological stress (b= - 0:13; p= 0.007); BMI with psychological stress (b= -0.43; p= 0.025).Conclusion: Dysmenorrhea is directly related to coping mechanisms and psychological stress. Physical activity / exercise, BMI and family support are related indirectly. It is expected to improve the coping mechanisms and family support so that the sufferers can avoid the stress that can reduce the occurrence of dysmenorrhea. It is expected to improve the coping mechanisms and family support so the sufferers can avoid the stress that can reduce the occurrence of dysmenorrhea.Keywords: path analysis, dysmenorrhea, coping mechanisms, psychological stressCorrespondence: Dwi Ertiana. Masters Program in Public Health, Sebelas Maret University, Surakarta.Journal of Medicine (2016), 1 (2): 136-145https://doi.org/10.26911/theijmed.2016.01.02.0
Effect of Purple Sweet Potato (Ipomoea Batatas L.) Extract on Glutathione Peroxidase (GPx) Activities in Hepatic House Mice (Mus musculus) After Maximum Physical Exercise
Get PDFBackground: Physical exercise can improve antioxidant defense system of organis. But long and heavy exercise can disrupt the balance of oxidant-antioxidant. Low glutathione peroxidase is associated with free radicals. Plant purple sweet potatoes (Ipomoea batatas L.) contain anthocyanins high enough that act as antioxidants. This study aimed to determine the effect of extracts of tubers of purple sweet potato (Ipomoea Batatas L.) on the activity of glutathione peroxidase (GPx) liver of mice (Mus Musculus) treated with maximal physical exercise.Subjects and Method: This was a true experimental study. This conducted with the design of the control group post-test only in vivo on 24 white male mice (Mus musculus), DD Webster strain. Data analysis was using SPSS software 19. Statistical testing decision taken 5% significance level (p=0.05). Results: The results showed that the average enzyme activity of GPx in the P5 is the highest enzyme activity GPx (mean=19:39 ± SD=7:06, p=0.024), which means there are significant differrences in the enzyme activity of GPx values between groups.Conclusion: This study showed that the extract could increase the activity of GPx hepatic enzymees mice significantly.Keywords: physical exercise maximum, free radicals, purple sweet potato, anthocyanin, GPxCorrespondence: Ayu Elvana. School of Health Sciences (STIKes) Siti Hajar, Medan, Indonesia.Indonesian Journal of Medicine (2016), 1(2): 116-120https://doi.org/10.26911/theijmed.2016.01.02.0
Effect of Ethanol Extract of Chayote (Sechiumedule.Jacq.Swartz) on the Activity of Glutathione Peroxide (GPx) in House Mice (Musmusculus L) Strain DD Webster Hyperglycemia Induced by Streptozotocin (STZ)
Get PDFBackground: Streptozotocin can cause hyperglycemia in guinea pig through the mechanism of oxidative stress which damages pancreatic b cells. Ethanol extract of chayote can decrease oxidative stress
Comparison of Hemoglobin Concentration Before and After Trichuriasis Treatment with Albendazole among Primary School Children
Get PDFBackground: Trichuriasis is a soil transmitted helminth that causes anemia and growth disturbance in children. This study aimed to compare hemoglobin concentration before and after Trichuriasis treatment with albendazole among primary school children.Subjects and Method: This was an experimental study with before and after quasi experiment design. This study was conducted at Medan Tembung Primary School, Medan, North Sumatera, from March to June, 2015. A total of 63 children were selected for this study. Blood sample was taken for hemoglobin concentration examination before and after the administration of albendazole. The treatment consisted of 400 mg albendazole that was administered in single dose 0nce a day for 3 days, both for single and mixed infection.Results: The prevalence of Trichuriasis among the school children under study was 33.3% (126/ 378), which was consisted of 37 children with single infection and 26 children with mixed infection. Albendazole increased hemoglobin concentration with mean= 11.88 g/dl; SD=1.26 before treatment and mean=12.53 g/dl; SD= 1.37 after treatment, among children with single infection, and it was statistically significant (p= 0.002). Albendazole increased hemoglobin concentration with mean= 11.69 g/dl; SD=1.04 before treatment and mean=12.36 g/dl; SD= 1.06 after treatment, among children with mixed infection, and it was statistically significant (p= 0.001).Conclusion: Albendazole is effective in increasing hemoglobin concentration among school children with anemia that is caused by Trichuriasis infection. Keywords: helminthiasis, trichuriasis, hemoglobin, anemia, albendazole, school childrenCorrespondence: Novreka Pratiwi Sipayung. Department Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, HKBP Nommensen University, Medan. Email: [email protected]. Mobile: 085261145049.Indonesian Journal of Medicine (2016), 1(4): 201-208https://doi.org/10.26911/theijmed.2017.02.01.0