Indonesian Journal of Medicine (IJM)
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Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor-C Expression in Servical Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Patients with Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy
Get PDFBackground: Uterine cervical carcinoma is the most gynecological malignancy in women worldwide. The most common type of cervical carcinoma histology is squamous cell carcinoma and has a better prognosis than adenocarcinoma. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy is the management of early-stage cervical carcinoma before radical hysterectomy is performed. In addition to clinical-pathological factors, biomolecular markers are now being developed and used as parameters for evaluating chemotherapy responses. Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor-C is a VEGF derivative that plays a role in the process of vasculogenesis, limphangiogenesis, and the formation of new lymphatic channels which play an important role in metastasis. This study aimed to examine the effect of Paxus-Carboplatin chemotherapy in decreasing VEGF-C in squamous cell cervical carcinoma tissue.Subjects and Method: This was a quasi experiment study conducted at Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Pathology Anatomy Laboratory of Dr. Moewardi Hospital/ Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sebelas Maret. 25 tissue samples of squamous cell stage IB2-IIA2 cervical carcinoma immunohistochemistry VEGF-C expression was carried out before and after Paxus-Carboplatin chemotherapy was given. The data were analyzed by Wilcoxon test.Results: VEGF-C expression in squamous cell cervical carcinoma tissue after chemotherapy was lower (mean = 4.20) than before chemotherapy (mean = 6.16) and it was statistically significant (p<0.001).Conclusion: Neoadjuvant chemotherapy decreases VEGF-C in squamous cell cervical carcinoma tissue.Correspondence: Uswatun Khasanah Kartikasari. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sebelas Maret/ Dr. Moewardi Hospital, Surakarta. Mobile: 081391444425. Email: [email protected] Journal of Medicine (2019), 4(1): 40-45https://doi.org/10.26911/theijmed.2019.04.01.0
Effect of Oral N-Acetylcystein on Galectin-3 in Acute Myocardial Infarction Patients
Get PDFBackground: The pathogenesis of heart failure after myocardial infarction is associated with the pathogenesis of cardiac remodeling. Galectin-3 (Gal-3) has a role in the pathophysiology of cardiac remodeling after acute myocardial infarction. N-Acetylcysteine (NAC) can prevent inflammation, remodeling and left ventricular dysfunction, interstitial fibrosis, and improve survival. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of oral N-Acetylcysteine on Galectin-3 in acute myocardial infarction patients.Subjects and Methods: This was an experimental study with pre and post, single-blind, and randomization methods. The study was conducted at Dr.Moewardi General Hospital Surakarta, Central Java, from June to August 2018. A sample of 29 acute myocardial infarction patients with ST-segment elevation who received fibrinolytic therapy was selected for this study. 14 patients as a control group received standard therapy and 15 patients as intervention group received oral NAC supplementary therapy 600 mg three times daily for three days. The dependent variable was Gal-3 levels. The independent variable was NAC supplementary therapy. The data were analyzed by Mann Whitney test.Results : Gal-3 levels in intervention group (mean= 8.95; SD=1.76) were lowered than the control group (mean= 11.42; SD= 3.76) and it was statistically significant (p= 0.026). Conclusion: Supplementary therapy of NAC 600 mg orally 3 times a day for 3 days can reduce levels of Gal-3 in patients with acute myocardial infarction who receive fibrinolytic therapy.Keywords: galectin-3, n-acetylcysteine, acute myocardial infarction Correspondence: Akhmad Jalaludinsyah. Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Universitas Sebelas Maret, Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java, Indonesia. Email: [email protected]. Mobile: +6281393098987.Indonesian Journal of Medicine (2019), 4(1): 1-8https://doi.org/10.26911/theijmed.2019.04.01.0
Potential Effect of Pitaya Fruit Juice (Hylocereus Polyrhizus) As an Anti-anemic Agent for Postpartum Anemia
Get PDFBackground: Postpartum mothers are susceptible to anemia, due to loss of blood during labor. Postpartum anemia causes uterine subinvolution which results in postpartum hemorrhage, puerperium infection, decreases in breastfeeding and mammae infection. One alternative to prevent the occurrence of anemia in post partum s to consume fruit that contains iron and vitamin C is one pitaya fruit juice. Pitaya fruit (Pitaya fruit) is part of the non-heme iron sources needed to supply hemoglobin, hematocrit and erythrocytes. This study aimed to examine the effect of pitaya fruit juice consumption on the increase of hemoglobin, hematocrit, and erythrocyte levels.Subjects and Method: This was a quasy experiment conducted at Bumiaji health center. A sample of 32 postpartum mothers with anemia was selected for this study. The dependent variable was hemoglobin, hematocrit, and erythrocyte levels. The independent variable was pitaya fruit juice administration. The data were analyzed by paired t-test.Results: Hemoglobin level in the intervention group (mean= 11.27; SD= 0.85) was higher than control group (mean= 10.34; SD= 0.94) and it was statistically significant (p<0.001). Hematocrit level in the intervention group (mean= 36.78; SD= 3.17) was higher than control group (mean= 34.98; SD= 2.32) and it was statistically significant (p<0.001). Erythrocyte level in the intervention group (mean= 4.28; SD= 0.26) was higher than control group (mean= 3.97; SD= 0.36) and it was statistically significant (p<0.001).Conclusion: Hemoglobin, hematocrit, and erythrocyte levels are higher in the intervention group than control group and they are statistically significant.Keywords: pitaya fruit juice, hemoglobin, hematocrit, erythrocyte, postpartum mother, anemia Correspondence: Mufida Annisa Rahmawati. Masters of Applied Midwifery, Health Polytechnics Ministry of Health Semarang. Jl. Tirto Agung, Pedalangan, Banyumanik, Semarang 50239, Central Java. Mobile: +6281249674231.Indonesian Journal of Medicine (2019), 4(4): 293-299https://doi.org/10.26911/theijmed.2019.04.04.01
Giant Cell Tumor of the Phalanx of Finger: Case Reports
Get PDFBackground: Giant cell tumor (GCT) of bone arising from aphalanx of finger is extremely rare. Although, the occurrence of GCT in the hands is a rare, it has been reported that GCT of the small bones (small-bone GCT) carries a higher risk of local recurrence and metastasis than conventional GCT.Subjects and Method: We report two cases of GCT arising from a phalanx of a hand finger. First patient was treated with wide excision of the tumor and fusion with fibular bone graft with the help of a K-wire. Second patient was treated by excision of tumour (Curretage) with allograft bonegraft for bone defect.Results: At their most recent follow-ups (4 months, respectively), both were recurrence free and had returned to their previous occupational and recreational activities.Conclusion: The effectiveness of these methods in the treatment and prevention of recurrence is still under discussion and there is no gold standard for treating GCT.Keywords: GCT, phalanx of finger, excision, illiac crest bonegraft, allograftCorrespondence: Pamudji Utomo. Department of Orthopaedic and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta, Central Java. Email: [email protected] Journal of Medicine (2019), 4(1): 65-74https://doi.org/10.26911/theijmed.2019.04.01.1
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Guideline Update: A Systematic Review
Get PDFBackground: Every five years, the American Heart Association (AHA) releases new guidelines on CPR. Previous guidelines have focused on Airway-Breathing-Circulation (ABC) advocacy. However, in 2010 guidelines for CPR recommended changes in the sequence of BLS steps to CAB (chest compression, airway, and breathing) for adults, children and infants (excluding newborns). The purpose of this review is to explain the reasons and provide scientific evidence about the results of CAB actions compared to ABC.Subjects and Method: Systematic reviews were done by searching the database through PubMed, Google Scholar, and Science Direct. Key words for this review include: AHA Guideline AND CPR 2010, CAB in CPR, CAB, and RCT (Randomized Controlled Trial) guidelines and why does ABC turn into CAB? The inclusion criteria are systematic reviews, clinical reviews and guidelines.Results: The results are in the form of 3 review articles and 1 RCT study. The basic reasons for changing ABC to CAB are (1) The most common case of cardiac arrest in adults, and the initial element of critical BLS (basic life support) is chest compression and early defibrillation by changing sequentially to CAB, chest compression will start faster; (2) Most victims of cardiac arrest outside the hospital do not get CPR observers, this is an obstacle to opening the airway and exhaling; and (3) Chest compression provides vital blood flow to the heart and brain. One RCT study showed that the time to do the first resuscitation with the CAB technique (mean = 25; SD = 10) was faster than the ABC technique (mean = 32; SD = 12) and statistically significant (p = 0.002).Conclusion: Chest compression is the most important aspect of heart attack management because airway maneuver takes a long time. The time to complete the first resuscitation cycle on CAB action is shorter than using ABC actions.Keywords: ABC, CAB, CPR guidelines, systematic reviewCorrespondence: Joko Tri Atmojo. School of Health Sciences Mamba'ul 'Ulum, Surakarta, Jl. Ring Road Utara, Tawangsari, Mojosongo, Jebres, Surakarta, Central Java. Email: [email protected]. Mobile: +6281393319000Indonesian Journal of Medicine (2019), 4(2): 82-87https://doi.org/10.26911/theijmed.2019.04.02.0
The Effect of Simvastatin on Nitric Oxide and hs-CRP Levels in patients with Liver Cirrhosis at Dr. Moewardi Hospital, Surakarta
Get PDFBackground: The prevalence of liver cirrhosis (SH) worldwide is at seventh place as the cause of death. Increased pressure in the portal vein Portal Hypertension (HP) causes esophageal varices and the more likely the patient to bleed. Endothelial dysfunction in cirrhosis of the liver causes a decrease in nitric oxide (NO) levels resulting in an imbalance between relaxation factors and portal vein contractions and increasing hs-CRP levels. Simvastatin can increase NO levels and improve endothelial dysfunction in patients with SH and can reduce levels of hs-CRP. This study aimed to determine the effect of simvastatin administration on nitric oxide and hs-CRP level in patients with liver cirrhosis.Subjects and Method: This was a randomized controlled trial conducted at Dr. Moewardi hospital, Surakarta, Central Java. A sample of 29 patients was divided into treatment and control groups. 14 patients in the treatment group were given simvastatin dose of 20 mg. 15 patients in the control group received a placebo. The dependent variable was a nitric oxide and hs-CRP levels. The independent variable was Simvastatin administration. Nitric oxide serum level was measured by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Hs-CRP level was measured by the immunechemiluminescent method. The data were analyzed by t-test.Results: NO level after Simvastatin 20 mg administration (Mean= 7.93 µg/mL; SD= 1.78 µg/ mL) was higher than before (Mean= 5.14 µg/mL; SD= 2.25 µg/mL) and it was statistically significant (p = 0.001). Hs-CRP level after Simvastatin 20 mg administration (Mean= 2.04 mg/L; SD= 0.80 mg/L) was lowered than before (Mean= 7.82 mg/L; SD= 1.15 mg/L) and it was statistically significant (p= 0.001).Conclusion: Simvastatin administration increases NO serum levels and reduces the hs-CRP level in patients with liver cirrhosis.Keywords: nitric oxide, hs-CRP, simvastatin, liver cirrhosisCorrespondence: Budhi Hariyanto. Masters Program in Family Medicine, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jl. Ir Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Centra Java. Email: [email protected]. Mobile: 082328010442.Indonesian Journal of Medicine (2019), 4(1): 9-14https://doi.org/10.26911/theijmed.2019.04.01.0
Meta-Analysis on the Effect of Zinc on Reducing Diarrhea Episode in Toddlers
Get PDFBackground: Diarrhea is a major cause of mortality and morbidity in toddlers in the world. A number of studies have shown that zinc supplements can reduce the severity and duration of diarrhea in toddlers. This study aimed to examine the effectiveness of zinc on reducing diarrhea episode in toddlers.Subjects and Method: This was a meta-analysis conducted using PRISMA systematic guideline. Articles published between year 2000 and 2019 were selected from PubMed, Science Direct, and Springer Link databases. Six articles met the Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT) criteria. These studies were conducted in developing countries. A sample of 692 children divided into two groups of 348 zinc and 344 placebo. The data were analyzed by Review Manager (RevMan) 5.3 program. The results were assessed for Mean difference (MD) and the analysis was carried out for heterogeneity.Results: There was a high heterogeneity between experiments (I2 = 91%; p <0.001) so that Random Effects Model (REM) was used. Zinc administration reduced the duration of diarrhea 0.89 days faster than placebo, and it was statistically significant (MD= -0.89; 95% CI= -1.52 to -0.26; p= 0.006).Conclusion: Zinc supplementation is more effective than placebo in reducing the duration of diarrhea in children.Keywords: effectiveness, zinc, diarrhea, toddlers, meta analysisCorrespondence: Purwika Widayati. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java. Email: [email protected]. Mobile: 081231153131.Indonesian Journal of Medicine (2019), 4(2): 183-191https://doi.org/10.26911/theijmed.2019.04.02.1
The Effect of Chayote Extract (Sechium edule) On Blood Pressure in Pregnant Women with Hypertension
Get PDFBackground: Increased blood pressure of pregnant women during pregnancy is one of the high risks during pregnancy which can lead to preeclampsia, eclampsia to maternal and infant mortality. One of the treatments recommended by pregnant women is to consume foods containing potassium and flavonoids, namely squash. This study aimed to determine the effect of squash pumpkin on changes in blood pressure of hypertensive mothers in pregnancy in the health center in Semarang City area.Subjects and Methods: This was an experimental study. The study was conducted at community health centers in Semarang, Central Java, from March to May 2018. A sample of 20 pregnant women who experienced hypertension in pregnancy was divided into two groups, control and treatment groups. The dependent variable was blood pressure. The independent variable was the extract of chayote. The data were analyzed by multiple linear regression.Results: There were differences in systolic blood pressure before and after the administration of squash extract (p<0.001). There are differences in Diastolic blood pressure before and after the administration of squash extract (p <0.001).Conclusion: Consuming chayote can make an effort to help lower blood pressure in pregnant women with hypertension. Keywords: flavonoids, hypertension in pregnancy, potassium, squash, blood pressure. Correspondence: Nur Alfi Fauziah. Postgraduate Midwifery Program, School of Health Polytechnics. Jl. Tirto Agung, Pedalangan, Banyumanik, Semarang City, 50268, Central Java, Indonesia. Email: nuralfifauziah24@yahoo.com.Indonesian Journal of Medicine (2019), 4(3): 266-277https://doi.org/10.26911/theijmed.2019.04.03.1
The Effects of Combination of Range Motion and Deep Breathing Exercise on Pain in Post-Orthopedic Surgery Patients
Get PDFBackground: Broken bones can cause soft tissue edema, bleeding in the muscles and joints, tendon rupture, damage to nerve tissue and damage to the vasculer and surgery are ways that are carried out to restore the movement function of extremitas and the impact that occurs due to these actions is pain. Acute pain is still found in postoperative non-pathological fracture patients who have received analgesic ketorolac.Subjects and Method: This was a quasy experiment study conducted at Dr. Soetomo Hospital, Surabaya, East Java. A sample of 46 patients post orthopedic surgery was selected for study by purposive sampling. The dependent variable was pain. The independent variables were range of motion and deep breathing exercises. Pain was measured by visual analog scale (VAS). The data were analyzed by t-test.Results: After treatment, pain level in the intervention group (mean = 2.43; SD = 1.41) was lower than the control group (mean= 3.48; SD= 1.38) with p= 0.014.Discussion: Combination of range of motion and deep breathing relaxation therapy effective to reduce pain among post orthopedic surgery patients.Correspondence: Hery Sasongko. Masters Program in Nursing, Universitas Airlangga. Email: herysasongko.ners@gmail.com.Indonesian Journal of Medicine (2019), 4(1): 46-53https://doi.org/10.26911/theijmed.2019.04.01.0
Effect of Menopause on Quality of Life: Path Analysis from Ponorogo East Jawa
Get PDFBackground: Menopause is a biological process in women which is characterized by the cessation of menstruation and a decrease in hormone levels that cause symptoms that can affect quality of life. This study aims to determine the impact of menopause and other factors that influence the quality of life in women.Subjects and Method: This study was observational analytic with a case control approach. The study was conducted in six health centers in Ponorogo Regency, East Java in March to April 2019. The total sample of 225 women aged 40 to 64 years was divided between 2 grou included menopausal as case group and non-menopausal as control groups based on purposive sampling. The dependent variable was quality of life. The independent variables were menopause, hot flush, anxiety, insomnia, vaginal dryness, and family intimacy. Quality of life is measured by the SF-36 (Short Form Health Survey). Anxiety was measured by Depression Anxiety Stress Scales. Insomnia was measured by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. The collection of other variables was conducted using questionnaires and analyzed using path analysis.Results: The decrease in quality of life was directly and negatively affected by menopause (b = -0.72; 95% CI = -1.39 to -0.05; p = 0.034), hot flush (b = -0.72; 95% CI = -1.34 to -0.07; p = 0.028), insomnia (b = -0.79; 95% CI = -1.43 to -0.16; p = 0.014), anxiety (b = -1.75; 95% CI = -3.09 to -0.47; p = 0.011), and drought vagina (b = -1.01; 95% CI = -1.65 to -0.37; p = 0.002). Women with high family intimacy can improve quality of life and are positive (b = 1.32; 95% CI = 0.69 to 1.95; p <0.001).Conclusions: The decreased quality of life in women is directly affected by menopause, hot flush, insomnia, anxiety, and vaginal dryness. High family intimacy improves quality of life. Family flush, anxiety, and family intimacy have indirect effects on quality of life. Keywords: quality of life, menopause, path analysisCorrespondence: Shally Ayu Chintya, Public Health Master’s Program, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jl. Ir. Sutami 36 A, Surakarta 57126, Jawa Tengah. Email: [email protected]. Mobile: 087702640660Indonesian Journal of Medicine (2019), 4(2): 155-164https://doi.org/10.26911/theijmed.2019.04.02.09