Indonesian Journal of Medicine (IJM)
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Meta Analysis the Effectiveness of Acupuncture vs Sham Acupuncture on Low Back Pain
Get PDFBackground: Low Back Pain is pain, aches and pains that occur in the lower back area and can be local pain or radicular pain. Acupuncture is a non-pharmacological therapy that can be used as an option to treat low back pain. This study aims to examine the effectiveness of acupuncture and sham acupuncture on reducing pain in cases of low back pain.Subjects and Method: Meta-analysis was carried out with PICO as follows: The population in this study were patients with low back pain with an age range of 20-95 years. Intervention in the form of acupuncture therapy. Comparison in the form of sham acupuncture. Outcome in the form of pain scale. A meta-analysis study was applied to this study with electronic data sources Clinical Key, Google Scholar, MEDLINE/PubMed, Science Direct, Scopus, and Springer. The article used is a full-text article with a Randomized Control Trial (RCT) study design. There are 9 articles used in this study. Articles were analyzed using the Review Manager 5.3 application. The results of this study aim to determine the Standardized Mean difference (SMD) and the heterogeneity of the research sample.Results: The heterogeneity in the results of this study was I^2=79%; p < 0.001, so it was analyzed by Random Effects Model (REM). Acupuncture was more effective in reducing pain than sham/placebo acupuncture, with a statistical significance of (SMD -0.59; 95% CI = -0.88 to -0.30; p<0.001.Conclusion: Acupuncture is more effective than sham/placebo acupuncture in reducing pain scale in cases of low back pain.Keywords: Acupuncture, Sham Acupuncture, Low Back PainCorrespondence: Nurtama Aditya Nugraha. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java. Email: [email protected]. Mobile: +6282220212767.Indonesian Journal of Medicine (2021), 06(03): 336-346https://doi.org/10.26911/theijmed.2021.06.03.11
Correlation between Family Support and Self Care in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Meta-Analysis
Get PDFBackground: Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus have a high risk of serious complications. Complications resulting from diabetes can be minimized and prevented by implementing self-care behavior. The study revealed that one of the factors that affect self-care activity is family support. The correlation of family support with self-care activity has been extensively investigated in several primary studies with several contradictions in the results. This study aimed to determine the correlation between family support and self-care activity in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus using the meta-analysis method.Subjects and Method: This study was a systematic review and meta-analysis. The meta-analysis was carried out by systematically reviewing articles published from 2010 to 2020 from the Pubmed, Google Scholar, DOAJ, and Springer Link databases using search keywords, namely ("Family Support" OR "Social Support") AND ("Self Management "OR" Self Care ") AND" Diabetes Mellitus Type 2". Article searches were carried out using PICO. The study population was people with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Intervention/exposure was getting family support compared to not getting family support, and the outcome was diabetes mellitus self-care. The search for articles was carried out for one month. The articles included in this study were full-text articles with a cross-sectional design. Articles were reviewed using the PRISMA flow diagram guidelines. Articles analyzed using Revman 5.3 Software.Conclusion: People with type 2 diabetes mellitus with good family support will increase self-care activity 2.22 times compared to people with type 2 diabetes mellitus who do not get family support. (aOR = 2.22 (95% CI = 1.84-2.68; p <0.001) The study of 7 articles originated from Africa.Keywords: family support, self-care, diabetes mellitus type 2Correspondence: Dian Dini Islami. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java, Indonesia. Email: [email protected]. Mobile: 085729483960.Indonesian Journal of Medicine (2021), 06(01): 62-70https://doi.org/10.26911/theijmed.2021.06.01.07.
Meta-Analysis: Effect of Probiotics on the Frequency and Duration of Diarrhea in Children Under Five
Get PDFBackground: Digestive tract disease is still a health problem around the world, currently there are 2,544,084 cases of diarrhea in Indonesia in 2016. In the Central Java region, there are an estimated of 911,901 cases of diarrhea, while 95,635 cases of diarrhea have been handled. This study aims to estimate the magnitude of the effect of probiotics on the frequency and duration of diarrhea among toddler based on the results of a number of similar previous studies.Subjects and Method: This study was a systematic study and meta-analysis, with PICO as follows: Population= children under five. Intervention= Probiotics. Comparison= Not Probiotic. Outcome= Frequency and Duration of Diarrhea in toddlers. The articles used in this study were obtained from several databases including PubMed, Springer Link, Cochrane Database, Hindawi, Elsevier, JBBA, LWW, Google Scholar. The keywords for searching articles are as follows: "Probiotic", OR "frequency", OR "diarrhea", "kid", OR child "AND" Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT). The articles included in this study were full text articles with a randomized controlled trial study design. Articles were collected using PRISMA flow diagrams. Articles were analyzed using the Review Manager 5.3 application.Results: A total of 12 articles reviewed in this meta-analysis study originated from India, Canada, Indonesia, America, Iran. Studies showed that the effect of probiotics decreased the frequency (Standarized mean difference -0.32; 95% CI= -0.67 to 0.03 p= 0.070). The effect of probiotics reduced the duration of diarrhea in children under five (Standarized mean difference= -0.74; 95% CI= -1.60 to 0.12 p= 0.090).Conclusion: Probiotics reduced the frequency and duration of diarrhea in toddlers.Keywords: Probiotics, Frequency, Diarrhea, ToddlersCorrespondence: Wahyu Agustin Dwi Ciptaningtyas. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java. Email: [email protected] Journal of Medicine (2020), 05(04): 321-330https://doi.org/10.26911/theijmed.2020.05.04.07.
The Relationship of Amount of Pleural Fluid and Time of Pleurodesis with the Results of Pleurodesis in Malignant Pleural Effusions
Get PDFBackground: Pleural effusion can be an early sign of lung cancer in more than 25% of cases. Lung cancer is the most common cause of malignant pleural effusion (MPE). Pleurodesis is performed when the amount of pleural fluid is <150 ml/day, but it is difficult as its productive nature. This study aimed to find the right time to perform pleurodesis on patients with MPE, which is expected to achieve optimal results.Subjects and Method: This was a cross-sectional study conducted at Dr. Moewardi Hospital, Surakarta, Central Java, from June to July 2020. The study subjects were 17 patients with malignant pleural effusion (MPE) diagnosed with lung cancer who underwent water seal drainage (WSD) and indicated for pleurodesis. The dependent variable was the success of the pleurodesis procedure. The independent variables were the amount of evacuated pleural fluid and the time of pleurodesis performed. The study instruments were diagnosis of lung cancer with anatomic pathology, measurement of the amount of pleural fluid, and posteroanterior chest X-ray evaluating the success of pleurodesis. The data were analyzed using Spearman correlation, ANOVA to determine the differences in the amount of pleural fluid at the first, second, and third hours, and continued with post hoc LSD analysis using SPSS 21.Results: The pleurodesis success rate had positive correlation with the amount of pleural fluid (r= 0.24; p= 0.345) and the time of pleurodesis performed at the first hour (r= 0.10; p= 0.701), second hour (r= 0.03; p= 0.921), and third hour (r= 0.41; p= 0.106). Pleurodesis performed at the second hour had the lowest amount of pleural fluid (Mean= 84.66; SD= 38.88), followed by third hour (Mean= 110.77; SD= 65.57), and first hour (Mean= 111.22; SD= 57.83), but the differences were not statistically significant (p= 0.285).Conclusion: The pleurodesis success rate has a positive correlation with the amount of pleural fluid and the time of pleurodesis, but it was not statistically significant. There is no significant difference in the amount of pleural fluid evacuated at the three different times of pleurodesis. The least amount of pleural fluid obtains at the second hour (14.00-22.00).Keywords: malignant pleural effusion, amount of pleural fluid, pleurodesis, pleurodesis timeCorrespondence: Yusup Subagio Sutanto. Department of Pulmonology and Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Sebelas Maret, Dr. Moewardi Hospital, Surakarta. Jl. Kolonel Sutarto 132, Surakarta 57126, Central Java. Email: dr_yusupsubagio@yahoo.com. Mobile: +62811284165.Indonesian Journal of Medicine (2020), 05(04): 337-342https://doi.org/10.26911/theijmed.2020.05.04.09.
Meta-Analysis of the Effect of High-Intensity Interval Training in Increasing High-Density Lipoprotein Levels in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients
Get PDFBackground: Diabetes mellitus is one of the second biggest health problems. The International Diabetes Federation said that diabetes currently affects 382 million people worldwide, with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) being the largest prevalence of 85-95% of the diabetes population. This study aimed to estimate the effect of high-intensity interval training (hiit) on increasing levels of high-density lipoprotein in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus based on the results of several previous studies.Subjects and Method: This study was a meta-analysis and systematic study, with the following PICO Population =type 2 diabetes mellitus patients aged 35-65 years. Intervention=HIIT. Comparison = No HIIT. Outcome = increased levels of high-density lipoprotein. The articles used in this study were obtained from several databases, including PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar. The keywords for finding articles were: "HIIT" OR "High-Intensity interval Training" OR "Diabetes Mellitus" OR "High-Density Lipoprotein" AND "Randomized Controlled Trial". The articles included in this study were full-text with a randomized controlled trial. Articles were analyzed by PRISMA flow chart and RevMan 5.3.Results: A total of 9 articles reviewed in this meta-analysis study originated from New York, Canada, France, Thailand, Berlin, Denmark, Australia, and the United Kingdom. Studies showed that high intensity interval training increased the levels of high density lipoproteins (Mean Difference= 0.01; 95% CI= 0.31 to 0.30; p= 0.970).Conclusion: High-intensity interval training increases high-density lipoprotein levels.Keywords: High-intensity interval training, type 2 diabetes mellitus, high-density lipoproteinCorrespondence: Sela Putri Adelita, Masters Program In Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java. Email: Sela[email protected] Journal of Medicine (2020), 05(04): 272-281https://doi.org/10.26911/theijmed.2020.05.04.02.
The Effect of the Use of Cervical Collar on the Reduction of Neck Pain: Meta-Analysis
Get PDFBackground: Neck pain is the fourth leading cause of disability, with an annual prevalence rate exceeding 30%. Nearly 50% of individuals will continue to experience pain or it often occurs to some degree. This study aimed to analyze the magnitude of the effect of using a cervical collar on reducing the degree of pain in neck pain patients compared to manual therapy (exercises).Subjects and Method: This research is a systematic review and meta-analysis carried out by following the PRISM diagram flow. The process of searching for articles through a journal database that includes: PubMed, Google Scholar and Science Direct by selecting articles published in 2000-2020. The keywords used include: “cervical collar” OR “neck collar” OR “soft collar” OR “hard collar” AND “neck pain” AND “cervical pain” AND “cervical radiculopathy” AND “cervical syndrome” AND “randomized controlled trial”. The inclusion criteria were full paper articles with a randomized controlled trial study design, articles using English and Indonesian, and bivariate analysis with adjusted odds ratio. Articles that meet the requirements are analyzed using the Revman 5.3 application.Results: A total of 6 articles were reviewed in this study with a randomized controlled trial study design. Meta-analysis of 6 randomized controlled trial (RCT) studies showed that there was no difference in effectiveness in using cervical collars compared to manual therapy (exercises) in reducing neck pain (ES = 0.04; 95% CI -0.31 to 0.39; p = 0.083).Conclusion: This meta-analysis concluded that there was no difference in effectiveness between the use of cervical collars and manual therapy (exercises) in reducing the degree of pain in neck pain.Keywords: neck pain, cervical collar, exercises,meta-analisisCorrespondence: Hisyam Syafi’ie. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java. Email: [email protected]. Mobile: 081326002006.Indonesian Journal of Medicine (2021), 06(01): 112-118https://doi.org/10.26911/theijmed.2021.06.01.12
Consumption of Jelly Combination of Salacca Seed (Salacca zalacca) and Moringa Leaves Flour (Moringa oleifera) on Hemoglobin level in Female Adolescents with Moderate Anemia
Get PDFBackground: Adolescent girls are at risk for iron-deficiency anemia. Various food fortifications have been developed to reduce the incidence of anemia. This study aimed to investigate the effect of consumption of jelly combined with salacca pondoh seed flour and Moringa leaf flour on hemoglobin levels in adolescent girls with moderate anemia.Subjects and Method: The Randomized Control Trial study was conducted in high schools, Banyuwangi, East Java, from August to September 2020. A total of 75 high school girls with moderate anemia were randomly divided into three groups with 25 people in each group, namely: (1) Control group (C) get a combination of 100g plain jelly, and iron tablets; (2) Treatment group 1 (T1) received 100g of jelly combined with 14.9g of salacca pondoh seed flour and 5.7g of Moringa leaf flour; and (3) Treatment group 2 (T2) received 100g of jelly which had been combined with 7.5g of salacca pondoh seed flour and 3g of Moringa leaf flour. The treatment was given twice per week for 8 weeks. The dependent variable is hemoglobin level. The independent variable was administering a combination of jelly with salacca seed flour and Moringa leaf flour. Hemoglobin data was taken by laboratory examination on days 30 and 60. Data were analyzed using One Way Anova.Results: After the intervention, the average hemoglobin levels in the three groups increased during the 30th day of observation: C (Mean= 14.68; SD= 0.75), T1 (Mean= 15.50; SD= 0.90), and T2 (Mean= 14.47; SD= 0.79). There was an average increase in hemoglobin levels in the three groups during the 60th day of observation, namely: C (Mean= 14.96; SD= 0.81), T1 (Mean= 15.20; SD= 0.78), and T2 (Mean= 14.96; SD= 0.69). On the 30th and 60th day observations, the difference in mean between the three groups was not statistically significant (p= 0.412) and (p= 0.703).Conclusion: The administration of jelly combined with salacca pondoh seed flour and Moringa leaves is effective compared to plain jelly with iron tablets in increasing Hb levels.Keywords: combination jelly, salacca seeds, moringa leaves, hemoglobin, anemia, young womenCorrespondence: Poppy Wijayanti. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java. Email: [email protected]. Mobile: +6285235925411.Indonesian Journal of Medicine (2021), 06(03): 307-314https://doi.org/10.26911/theijmed.2021.06.03.08
Differences in Age Estimated by the Kvaal Method on Right and Left Mandibular Canines
Get PDFBackground: The radiographic method for determining the estimated age has the advantage of being non-invasive and the orthopantomogram images are digitally processed. Canines have a strong correlation with chronological age and have good resistance and large pulp space. This study aimed to determine the difference in age estimates using the Kvaal method on the right and left mandibular canines.Subjects and Method: There were 80 orthopantomogram samples from dental and oral clinic patients who had undergone orthopantomography at the Radiology Installation of Dr. Moewardi Hospital, from January 2019 to December 2020. The estimated age of right and left canines was calculated based on the Kvaal method and performed a T-test.Results: At the estimated age of the right and left mandibular canines determined by the Kvaal formula, the T-test was performed showing a mean of 38.3 years for the right mandibular canine (Mean= 38.3; SD= 6.7) and 38.2 year the left mandibular canine (Mean= 38.2; SD= 8.9), with p = 0.910. Data analysis showed that there was no difference in age estimation using the Kvaal method on the right and left mandibular canines.Conclusion: There was no difference in age estimates by the Kvaal method on the right and left mandibular canines.Keywords: Oratopantomogram, Metoday Qual, Kaninus MandibulaCorrespondence: Sulistyani Kusumaningrum. Department of Radiology Dr. Moewardi Hospital / Faculty of Medicine Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta. Email: [email protected] Journal of Medicine (2021), 06(02): 206-211https://doi.org/10.26911/theijmed.2021.06.02.0
Relationship between APO-A, APO-B, and C-reactive Protein with Depression in Epileptic Patients
Get PDFBackground: Epilepsy is one of the oldest neurological disease requiring long-term treatment. Long-term use of certain anti-epileptic drugs (AED) will strongly induce cytochrome-P450 (CYP) enzyme resulting increase of homocysteine associated with risk of cerebrovascular disease and depression. The purpose of this study was to determine relationship between serum level of ApoA, ApoB, and C-Reactive Protein (CRP) with depression in epileptic patients receiving AED therapy.Subjects and Method: Respondents of this cross-sectional study were epileptic outpatients in neurology clinic Dr. Moewardi Hospital, Surakarta receiving AED therapy and met inclusion and exclusion criteria. Depression condition was evaluated by Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS). Serum level of ApoA, ApoB, and CRP of each respondent were measured from vein blood. Data were analyzed by a multiple linear regression.Results: There were 51 epileptic patients with proportional ratio between men and women (1.2:1) with age range from 18 to 59 years old. The average length of AED 92.67 months (Mean= 92.67; SD= 91.58). Average of HDRS score was 8.49. Meanwhile, average of ApoA level was 86.14 mg/dL, average of ApoB level was 47.57 mg/dL, and average of CRP level was 0.18 mg/dL. Serum level of ApoA, ApoB, and CRP increased depression (HDRS score) in epileptic patients.Conclusion: There was a statistically significant relationship between serum level of ApoA, ApoB, and CRP with depressive condition of epileptic patients receiving long-term AED treatment.Keywords: ApoA, ApoB, C-Reactive Protein, depression, epilepsyCorrespondence: Diah Kurnia Mirawati. Neurology Department of Dr. Moewardi Regional General Hospital/ Medical Faculty of Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia. Email: [email protected] Journal of Medicine (2020), 05(04): 282-290https://doi.org/10.26911/theijmed.2020.05.04.03.
Effect of Vitamin D Supplementation and Calcium in Reducing the Risk of Preeclampsia: Meta-Analysis
Get PDFBackground: Preeclampsia (PE) is a major complication in pregnancy and a major cause of maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality. Analysis of risk factors and prevention of preeclampsia are needed to reduce the adverse effects of preeclampsia. Important supplements during pregnancy to prevent the increase in blood pressure of pregnant women are Vitamin D and calcium. This study aimed to analyze the effect of vitamin D and calcium supplementation on reducing the risk of preeclampsia.Subjects and Method: This study is a meta-analysis of a number of randomized controlled trials. The articles used in this study were obtained from several databases including PubMed, Google Scholar, Springerlink, and Sciencedirect. The articles used in this study were those published from 2002-2020. The article search was carried out by considering the eligibility criteria defined using the PICO model. P: Pregnant women, I: vitamin D and calcium, C: placebo, and O: preeclampsia. The keywords to find articles are as follows: "Vitamin D" OR "Calcium" OR "Vitamin D and Calcium" AND "preeclampsia" AND "Randomized Controll Trials". The articles included in this study are full text articles with Cross-sectional study design. Articles were collected using PRISMA flow diagrams. Articles were analyzed using the Review Manager 5.3.Results: A total of 9 articles were reviewed in this study. The meta-analysis showed that vitamin D supplementation reduced the risk of preeclampsia in pregnant women (RR= 0.45, 95% CI 0.32-0.63, p<0.001). The meta-analysis of 8 articles also showed that calcium supplementation reduced the risk of preeclampsia in pregnant women with calcium (RR= 0.42; 95% CI= 0.31 - 0.57; p<0.001). This meta-analysis combines primary research from Iran, India, Bangladesh, South Africa, Cameroon, and Saudi Arabia.Conclusion: Vitamin D and calcium supplementation reduces the risk of preeclampsia.Keywords: vitamin D, Calcium, preeclampsia, randomized controlled trialCorrespondence: Fanny Kartika Fajriyani. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java. Email: [email protected] Journal of Medicine (2020), 05(04): 308-320https://doi.org/10.26911/theijmed.2020.05.04.06.