Università del Salento: ESE - Salento University Publishing
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Il fischietto in terracotta di Rutigliano
Get PDFThe Rutigliano terracotta whistle is a well-known element of the Apulian cultural heritage which is investigated through the ethnographic field notes, participant observation, interviews with ceramists and archival documents. This combination leads to the identification of heritage processes implemented in the community aimed at safeguarding, valorising and transmitting the most general pottery art
La gentrification è "buona da pensare"? Note sugli studi urbani e l'antropologia della contemporaneità
Get PDFFor anthropology, studying the city has always meant problematising the boundary between the modern and the non-modern, which has long been at the heart of the discipline's definition. However, it has never been easy to take into account the forms of popular culture that exist within a capitalist society that is seen as inherently homologising and inauthentic. The problem may recur in contemporary urban studies in relation to 'critical' perspectives (which also have considerable merits in consolidating this interdisciplinary field of study). Starting from a critique of capitalist society sometimes runs the risk of reducing ethnography to anecdotal observation in the service of pre-established theses, and of encouraging researchers to consider the point of view of social actors only when it is congenial to their own. This essay discusses the problem in relation to the notion of gentrification, arguing for the usefulness of a certain methodological relativism and distrust of grand narratives. In fact, not assuming the inevitable and totally negative character of the gentrification phenomenon can help to grasp the agency of social actors, the specificity of their points of view and contexts, and the way all this changes over time
Colonialità e rappresentazioni sociali sulle Ande: Etnografia e storia del kharisiri
Get PDFThe article explores the figure of the kharisiri through a historical and ethnographic lens. The kharisiri is a character from Andean folklore notorious for extracting fat from people, which leads its victims to fall ill and die. Subject to extensive analysis by Andean ethnography, this paper argues that the kharisiri denotes an indigenous representation, encompassing both Quechua and Aymara perspectives, of subaltern dynamics with colonial origins that persist today in other forms. Using Aníbal Quijano's framework of coloniality as a theoretical backdrop and applying it to an empiric example, the article posits that the kharisiri reflects the evolution of alterity and represents, from an indigenous viewpoint, colonial and postcolonial dynamics. This highlights how changes in its representation illustrate an indigenous perspective on colonial history and relations of coloniality in contemporary Peru
ENRICO MAURO, Contro la società del sorpasso. Il pensiero antime-ritocratico di don Tonino Bello; ID., Pensieri
No full textOpen and Closed. Sicilian Society Before and During the Reign of Frederick II of Hohenstaufen
Get PDFAmy Chua's Day of Empire. How Hyperpowers Rise to Global Dominance - and Why They Fall argues that open, tolerant empires are becoming more powerful and closed; intolerant empires are losing influence. Her book can serve as a model for exploring a variety of imperial aspirations throughout history, both on a global and local scale. With this model, developments in Sicily in the 12th and 13th centuries can be cast in the form of a narrative of ascent and descent. It shows two different sociological orders: Roger II of Altavilla (1095-1154) created a fairly open society, while his grandson Frederick II of Hohenstaufen (1196-1250) turned it into a rather closed society. Especially with Frederick this contrasts with his image as a tolerant ruler. In this article I show that he is less openminded than is often thought. Frederick created a regime in southern Italy that was more authoritarian and intolerant than that of his Sicilian predecessor. The cause is his desire to restore the Roman Empire. From Ranke in the nineteenth century to Rader, born in 1961, Frederick was primarily seen as a Sicilian monarch who strove for 'Weltherrschaft'. One of the main representatives of this idea is Ernst Kantorowicz, but his thoughts are not without controversy. Theo Kölzer states that "there is no Staufen ambition for world domination". This idea is confirmed by David Abulafia who sees Frederick as an ordinary emperor. In my opinion, both Kantorowicz and Abulafia are right: the former in attributing great plans to Frederick, the latter in noting that nothing much came of it
William Charles Wells (1757-1817). Un antropologo controcorrente nel discorso razziale americano
Get PDFItLa fortuna dell'opera dell'anatomista americano William Charles Wells (1757-1817) fu pressoché nulla fino a quando Charles Darwin, nella quarta edizione (1866) dell'Origine delle specie, lo riconobbe come l'autore della prima formulazione pubblica del principio di selezione naturale. I pochi storici della scienza che si sono occupati di Wells hanno dibattuto su se e quanto abbia davvero anticipato quel principio evoluzionistico, legando a questo la sua scarsa fortuna. L'articolo intende evidenziare i limiti della lettura evoluzionistica delle idee di Wells da parte di Darwin e di quegli storici della scienza, per 'slegare' Wells dall'evoluzionismo e 'riconsegnarlo' all'antropologia fisica del suo tempo. Emerge così la reale portata delle idee di Wells nella storia naturale, che superano quelle di Blumenbach e Prichard e che costituiscono un riferimento anche per la ricerca antropologica dello stesso Darwin, nell'Origine dell'uomo (1871). Ed emerge così il reale motivo della sua scarsa fortuna: Wells era un monogenista che non faceva classificazioni razziali, un anatomista che non misurava crani, cioè un antropologo anonimo perché controcorrente nel discorso razziale americano dell'Ottocento. Qui, infatti, fin dalla prima metà del secolo dominava la poligenesi su basi soprattutto craniometriche, l''antropologia della varietà' lasciava il posto all''antropologia della dominanza', la parola d'ordine era 'disuguaglianza' e il credo era il 'razzismo scientifico'.EnThe success of the work of the American anatomist William Charles Wells (1757-1817) was almost nil until Charles Darwin, in the fourth edition (1866) of On the Origin of Species, recognized him as the author of the first public formulation of the principle of natural selection. The few historians of science who have dealt with Wells have debated whether and to what extent he really anticipated that evolutionary principle, linking his poor fortune to this. The article intends to highlight the limits of the evolutionary reading of Wells' ideas by Darwin and those historians of science, to 'untie' Wells from evolutionism and 'return' him to the physical anthropology of his time. Thus, the real significance of Wells' ideas in natural history emerges, which surpass those of Blumenbach and Prichard and which also constitute a reference for Darwin's own anthropological research in The Descent of Man (1871). And thus the real reason for his poor fortune emerges: Wells was a monogenist who did not make racial classifications, an anatomist who did not measure skulls, that is, an anonymous anthropologist because he went against the grain of nineteenth-century American racial discourse. In fact, here, since the first half of the century polygenesis on mainly craniometric bases dominated, the 'anthropology of variety' gave way to the 'anthropology of dominance', the watchword was 'inequality' and the creed was 'scientific racism'
Eine dritte Kopie der Tafel von Brigetio aus dem Jahr 311 n.Chr.
Get PDFEnThe regulations for veterans, issued by Constantine and Licinius in 311 and first known through the so-called Tablet of Brigetio, were attested by another document in 2009. A new fragment can now be added. This makes it increasingly likely that these bronze documents do not come from the headquarter of a high-ranking representative of the administration, as was once supposed, but rather from places where military camps existed, so that the veterans could inform themselves there directly about there privileges.ItLe norme per i veterani, emanate da Costantino e Licinio nel 311 e conosciute per la prima volta attraverso la cosiddetta 'Tavola di Brigetio', sono state attestate da un documento nel 2009. Ora è possibile aggiungere un nuovo frammento. Ciò rende sempre più probabile che questi documenti in bronzo non provengano dalla sede di un alto rappresentante dell'amministrazione, come si supponeva una volta, ma piuttosto da luoghi in cui esistevano campi militari, in modo tale che i veterani potessero informarsi direttamente su tali privilegi