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Le funzioni dei syllogeis tou demou ad Atene nel IV secolo a.C. attraverso la testimonianza della legge di Nicofonte
Get PDFEnIn a section of the athenian law of Nicophon, along with the sitophylakes and the epimeletai tou emporiou, the syllogeis tou demou are referred to as magistrates with the competence to receive charges against vendors who refuse to accept coins verified by the dokimastes and to decide such disputes up to a value of ten drachmae (SEG. XXVI 72 ll. 16-26). While similar functions can be confirmed from other testimonies with regard to the first two offices mentioned, the reference of the syllogeis tou demou is particularly problematic, since indications of such a capacity cannot be found in any other - moreover scarce - sources. Taking into account the ll. 13-16 of the inscription in question, which entrusts the syllogeis with punishing dokimastes not correctly exercising their duties, we can infer possible explanations of the role and functions occupied by these magistrates in Athens at the time the law was enacted.DeNeben den sitophylakes und den epimeletai tou emporiou ist in einer Passage aus dem athenischen Münzgesetz des Nikophon auch von den syllogeis tou demou als zuständige Beamte für Klagen gegen Verkäufer zu lesen, die sich weigern, von den dokimastes verifizierte Münzen anzunehmen. Von ihnen sollen Streitigkeiten bis zu einem Wert von zehn Drachmen entschieden werden (SEG. XXVI 72 ll. 16-26). Während eine derartige Funktion für die beiden erstgenannten Ämter auf diverse andere Zeugnisse gestützt werden kann, erweist sich die Nennung der syllogeis tou demou in diesem Zusammenhang als besonders problematisch, da sich in keiner weiteren der - zudem spärlichen - Quellen Anhaltspunkte für eine derartige Befugnis finden. Zieht man dazu die Zeilen 13-16 der fraglichen Inschrift in Betracht, in der die syllogeis mit der Bestrafung des seine Aufgaben nicht korrekt erfüllenden dokimastes betraut werden, so lassen sich daraus Erklärungen zur Rolle, die diese Magistrate in Athen zur Zeit der Erlassung des Gesetzes gespielt haben könnten, erschließen
La famiglia di fatto tra corsi e ricorsi storici
Get PDFEnThe author starts from the analysis of the new figure of 'de facto cohabitation', governed by the law of 2016, n. 76, emphasizing how it evokes the Roman conception of marriage unaccompanied by the 'conventio in manum' which, practiced with increasing frequency in Rome, gradually supplanted the 'cum manu' marriage; and this, even in that reality, following the change, between the end of the Republic and the Principality, of social needs. She then goes on to illustrate the evolution of marriage from the late Empire to the Justinian age. She then dwells on the birth, spread and evolution of the phenomenon of concubinage which, condemned by the Church and considered a crime even in our legal system until the 1960s, had already been seen in the late empire and in the Justinian law as a union relevant in option to marriage which, at that time, was characterized by the publicity and intervention of Catholic ministers in its celebrations. In similar terms, the union between two adults permanently united by emotional ties of couple and mutual moral and material assistance, not bound by a marriage, was regulated by our legislator, who wants to make the union concubine between people not linked by precedents ties an alternative institution to marriage, civil and of concordat.FrL'auteur commence à discuter de la nouvelle institution de la 'cohabitation de fait', réglé par la loi de 2016, n. 76, soulignant comment elle évoque la conception romaniste du mariage non accompagné de 'conventio in manum' qui, de plus en plus fréquemment pratiqué à Rome, a progressivement supplanté le mariage 'cum manu'; et ce, même dans cette réalité, à la suite des nouveaux besoins sociaux nés entre l'ancienne République et l'ascension de la Principauté. Elle illustre ensuite l'évolution du mariage de la fin de l›empire à l'âge justinien. Elle insiste donc sur la naissance, la diffusion et l›évolution du phénomène du concubinage qui, condamné par l›Église et considéré comme un crime jusqu›en 1960 par notre système juridique, avait déjà été prévu à la fin de l›Empire et dans la compilation Justinienne comme une union juridiquement pertinente alternative au mariage, qui à cette époque était caractérisée par la publicité et l'intervention des ministres catholiques lors de sa célébration. De même, l'union de deux adultes unis en permanence par des liens affectifs de couple et une assistance matérielle et morale mutuelle, non liée par ... un mariage, a été réglementée par notre législateur, qui considère cette union comme une alternative au mariage, soit civil soit concordataire
Riflessioni in tema di iniuria alla sponsa
Get PDFEnThe fragment contained in D. 47.10.15.24 (Ulp. 77 ad ed.) poses numerous problems, mainly with reference to the central theme, namely that of the active procedural legitimacy of the sponsus in the event of an iniuria to the sponsa. Other issues need to be addressed: the probable error in the inscriptio that would attribute it to the LXXVII book of Ulpian's commentary to the edict, when, given the subject matter, it seems more appropriate to refer it to the LVII, where, in effect, the jurist is concerned with iniuria; the evolution of Ulpian's thought with reference to the legitimacy to act in the case of iniuria and in the particular species of the adtemptata pudicitia; the type of conduct that falls within the special edict and the role of the boni mores in the evaluation of behavior; the subjects protected by the special edict; the existence of a previous jurisprudential debate on the subject of procedural legitimization of the sponsus; the relationship between iniuria and contumelia in the weighting of protected interests. The aim is also to understand the relevance of the engagement relationship in the context of protection against iniuria.FrLe fragment contenu en D. 47.10.15.24 (Ulp. 77 ad ed.) pose de nombreux problèmes, notamment en rapport avec son thème central, c'est-à-dire la légitimation processuelle active du sponsus en cas de iniuria à l'égard de la sponsa. Il faut également examiner d'autres questions : la probable erreur dans l'inscriptio, qui attribuerait le fragment au LXXVII livre du commentaire d'Ulpien à l'édit, alors que, compte tenu du sujet traité, il semble plus opportun de l'attribuer au LVII livre (dans lequel en fait le juriste traite de iniuria) ; l'évolution de la pensée d'Ulpien à l'égard de la qualité pour agir en cas de iniuria et dans la particulière species de l'adtemptata pudicitia ; la typologie des conduites couvertes par l'édit spécial et le rôle des boni mores dans l'évaluation du comportement ; les sujets protégés par l'édit spécial ; l'existence d'un précédent débat jurisprudentiel sur la qualité pour agir du sponsus ; le rapport entre iniuria et contumelia dans la mise en balance des intérêts protégés. L'objectif est même de comprendre l'importance des fiançailles en matière de protection contre l'iniuria
Oltre le fonti giuridiche: i manichei nell'Alexiadis di Anna Comnena
Get PDFEnAim of the contribute is to consider Anna Comnena's Alexiad from the legal history point of view, concerning the persecution of Manichaean heresy – under the form of the Paulician and Bogomil one – during the Byzantine empire: in fact, if we analyse with attention some events narrated in the work, in particular the trial of the monk Basilius and his punishment to death, it will be possible to find several interesting pieces of information, in a field, the real treatment of the heretics, which is almost unknown for the scholars.DeAbsicht des Beitrages besteht darin, die Alexiadis von Anna Comnena aus rechtsgeschichtlicher Aussuchtspunkt zu untersuchen. In Bezug auf die Verfolgung des manichäischen Häresie – in Form der paulizianischen und der bogomilischen Häresie – während des Bizantinischen Reiches erlaubt die Analyse einiger in dem Werk erzählter Ereignisse und insbesondere die Beschreibung des Prozesses gegen den Mönch Basilius und seines Todesurteils dem Gelehrten einige nützliche Elemente, um die tatsächliche Behandlung der christlichen Heterodoxie auch durch den Mechanismus der Majestätsbeleidigung zu verdeutlichen
Using Neural Network Auto-Regression to Forecast the Palestinian Unemployment Rate
Get PDFThe Palestinian labor market faces prolonged and significant challenges includinghigher rates of unemployment, which has major economic and socialimplications. This study aims to forecast the behavior of the unemploymentrate in Palestine utilizing quarterly unemployment data over the period from2001Q1 to 2023Q2. The data is divided into training (in-sample) and testing(out-of-sample) datasets. The study applies a neural network auto-regressionmodel (NNAR) to provide future predictions of the unemployment rate forthe next ten quarters (2023Q3 – 2025Q4). The forecasting performance wasassessed on both in-sample and out-of-sample datasets. The findings suggestthat the optimal model to predict the Palestinian unemployment ratewas NNAR(1,1,10)[4]. The study compared this model with auto-regressiveintegrated moving average (ARIMA) and Holt-Winter’s (HW) methods andthe results revealed that the estimated NNAR model outperformed thesemodels. The findings indicate that the unemployment rate is expected toremain high with values oscillating between 23.8 to 28.1%. Hence, this studysuggests that unemployment is a chronic economic problem with strong seasonality.The findings provide valuable insights for policy implications andstrategies to address the unemployment issue in Palestine
