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Student reactions to trauma-related course content
Get PDFHigher education courses frequently utilize trauma-related content material as part of the curriculum. To reduce the potential for secondary traumatic stress, it has been recommended that instructors be purposeful and cautious with the use of trauma-related materials in the classroom. Most recommendations for implementation of these materials are based on theory, as few empirical studies examine actual student reactions to this content. This study, guided by Hill\u27s ABC-X Model, presents mixed methods survey data from undergraduate students enrolled in a trauma course across three semesters to measure trauma exposure and subjective reactions to course materials. Qualitative results indicated a range of emotional reactions to course content, with both positive and negative effects. Results support the notion that coping resources and appraisal of the content itself may influence how course content is experienced by students. Implications for teaching, policy, and future research are discussed
Water diffusion mechanisms in bitumen studied through molecular dynamics simulations
Get PDFWater transport is one of the major factors responsible for moisture damage in asphalt pavements. To study the thermodynamics and kinetics of water transport in bitumen and to uncover microscale mechanisms of moisture-induced damage, molecular dynamics simulations were performed for up to 600 ns for water–bitumen systems with realistic water contents that varied from 0 to 1.76 wt%. Hydrogen bonding interactions and clustering of water molecules at various combinations of temperature and water content were investigated, and their effects on the self-diffusion coefficient of water and bitumen properties are computed and discussed. It is shown that the saturated water concentration in bitumen is small, especially at low temperatures, and additional water molecules tend to form large water clusters via hydrogen bonding, indicating micro-phase separation of the water and bitumen phases inside the simulation box. Hydrogen bonding and water clustering play a crucial role on the magnitude of the self-diffusion coefficient of water. Physical properties of bitumen that include viscosity and cohesive energy are affected by water. The presence of large water clusters is indicative of how degradation in cohesion is observed on the microscale
The effect of thixotropy on the yield transition in reversible, colloidal gels
No full textThixotropic yield-stress fluids (TYSFs) are a unique class of materials whose properties are affected by both shear rate and shear history. When sheared, these materials undergo a transition from an elastic solid to a viscoelastic fluid, which is accompanied by a structural transition that slowly recovers upon the cessation of shear. The strong interdependence between structure, dynamics, and rheological properties in TYSFs make it challenging to identify the fundamental physics controlling these phenomena. In this study, we vary the ionic strength of a suspension of cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) to generate model TYSFs with tunable moduli and thixotropic kinetics. We use a novel rheological protocol—serial creep divergence—to identify the physics underlying the yield transition and recovery of CNC gels. Our protocol identifies a critical transition that bifurcates the solid-like and fluid-like regimes of the gels to precisely determine the yield stress of these materials even in the presence of thixotropic effects. Additionally, the thixotropic kinetics collapse onto a single master curve, which we fit to a transient solution to a coupled diffusion-aggregation model. Our work thereby identifies the underlying physicochemical mechanisms driving yielding and thixotropic recovery in attractive colloidal gels
Stories to Empower Our Communities: Promoting Diverse LGBTQIA+ Narratives in Picture Book Collections
Get PDFDo you want to move past marking that diversity checkbox and take your LGBTQIA+ collection development to the next level? As seen through the work of Diverse BookFinder, how historically underrepresented identities are portrayed in our collections is just as important as increasing the number of books depicting these identities. This presentation moves beyond asking if there is LGBTQIA+ representation in recently published picture books and instead explores the more complex questions of who is being represented, in what ways, to what extent, and why each type of narrative is important to children and their families. Join us to gain a better understanding of the current landscape of LGBTQIA+ representation in picture books and learn about new tools designed by the presenters to help you develop and advocate for rich collections that feature an array of authentic LGBTQIA+ stories.
Learning Objectives: Upon completion, participant will be able to articulate the importance of each type of LGBTQIA+ narrative found in picture books in order to advocate for holistic representation in their collections. Upon completion, participant will be able to assess their picture book collections using advanced analysis tools in order to critically develop and promote authentic LGBTQIA+ representation in their collections. Upon completion, participant will be able to evaluate the LGBTQIA+ representation within individual picture books in order to recommend texts based on library user and/or programming needs
Ocean Carbon Dioxide Uptake in the Tailpipe of Industrialized Continents
Get PDFA simplifying assumption in many studies of ocean carbon uptake is that the atmosphere is well-mixed, such that zonal variations in its carbon dioxide (CO2) content can be neglected in the calculation of air-sea fluxes. Here, we examine this assumption at various scales to quantify the errors it introduces. For global annual averages, we find that positive and negative errors effectively cancel, so the use of atmospheric zonal-average CO2 introduces reassuringly small errors in fluxes. However, for millions of square kilometers of the North Pacific and Atlantic that are downwind of the highly industrialized northern hemisphere continents, these biases average to over 6% of the annual ocean uptake and can cause errors of up to 30% on a given day. This work highlights the need to use a high quality, spatially-resolved atmospheric CO2 product for process studies and for accurate long-term average maps of ocean carbon uptake
First records of the Pacific sleeper shark Somniosus cf. pacificus in the western tropical Pacific
Get PDFTechnological advances have enabled the expansion of ocean exploration to include the deep ocean, providing new species observations. Here, the authors present two new observations, captured by deep-sea cameras, of the sleeper shark Somniosus cf. pacificus from the Solomon Islands and Palau. This presents the first observation of S. cf. pacificus in the western Pacific tropics and extends its range about 2000 nautical miles south. The observations presented here provide much-needed information on the range of this species which can help guide future management and conservation actions
Paths to Wildness
No full textThe prevailing environmental narrative posits that undefiled nature and true wilderness is something separate from humans. Dr. Van Horn’s talk suggested an alternative by focusing on wildness (not wilderness) as a dynamic, vital force that flows through all kinds of beings and places, including the most densely populated urban areas. Further, he explored possibilities for bringing the lifeworlds of other beings into our consciousness, into our practice, and into our everyday landscapes. By shifting perceptions in relation to these everyday lifeworlds, we can weave our own stories into the tracks, traces, trails, underground burrows, and flyways of others. Our stories become intertwined and fresh possibilities for wildness emerge.
Dr. Gavin Van Horn is Executive Editor at the Center for Humans and Nature and leads the Book Series for the Center for Humans and Nature Press. His work for the Center includes developing and directing “transdisciplinary projects that seek to illuminate what it means to become human within a more than human world.” He is the co-editor, with Robin Wall Kimmerer and John Hausdoerffer, of the award-winning, five-volume series, Kinship: Belonging in a World of Relations and the author of The Way of Coyote: Shared Journeys in the Urban Wilds. Van Horn classifies himself as a creative nonfiction writer, who dabbles in fiction and myth, while “looking to animal companions to teach us what it means to be human.
Discerning the Concentration and Bi-Directional Flux of Ammonia in an Urban Estuary Using the Relaxed Eddy Accumulation Method
No full textNarragansett Bay, the largest estuary in New England, is a heavily urbanized watershed impacted by deposition and runoff. Nutrient budgets and local policy rely on deposition data from a 1990 study that did not include any direct observations of dry deposition of gaseous ammonia (NH3(g)) and particulate ammonium (p-NH4+) due to uncertainties in their flux direction and measurement difficulty. Recent work has shown that wet deposition of ammonium (NH4+) to the Bay has increased by a factor of 6 over the past three decades, leading to a 2.5-fold increase in wet nitrogen (N) deposition. This documented increase in wet deposition of NH4+ is concurrent with managed nutrient reductions in urbanized estuaries but has potentially increased the impacts of atmospheric N deposition, including the dry deposition of NH3(g) and p-NH4+. However, the lack of NH3(g) and p-NH4+ measurements hinders our interpretation of this important N source. For the first time over Narragansett Bay, and to our knowledge over open water, dry (particulate and gas phase) total ammonia (NHx = NH3(g) + p-NH4+) and the bidirectional NH3(g) flux were quantified using a relaxed eddy accumulation sampling technique. We find that dry deposition of NHx comprises 9.6% of total (wet + dry) N deposition. During the fall season, the dominant flux direction for NH3(g) is upward, which also has implications for urban air quality. We estimate that NH3(g) emitted from the Bay to the atmosphere makes up to 10% of the local NH3(g) emission budget for fall
The balance between photosynthesis and respiration explains the niche differentiation between Crocosphaera and Cyanothece
Get PDFCrocosphaera and Cyanothece are both unicellular, nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria that prefer different environments. Whereas Crocosphaera mainly lives in nutrient-deplete, open oceans, Cyanothece is more common in coastal, nutrient-rich regions. Despite their physiological similarities, the factors separating their niches remain elusive. Here we performed physiological experiments on clone cultures and expand upon a simple ecological model to show that their different niches can be sufficiently explained by the observed differences in their photosynthetic capacities and rates of carbon (C) consumption. Our experiments revealed that Cyanothece has overall higher photosynthesis and respiration rates than Crocosphaera. A simple growth model of these microorganisms suggests that C storage and consumption are previously under-appreciated factors when evaluating the occupation of niches by different marine nitrogen fixers
SWERF Necropolitics: Three Sites of Feminist Mistranslation and the Politics of Feminist Exclusion
Get PDFThe acronym SWERF, or Sex Work(er) Exclusive Radical Feminism, and its attendant ideologies brings up a number of questions and potential schisms for the enterprise of feminist thought more broadly. This inquiry examines what it means for feminism to exclude, what the excluders believe is gained by protecting certain boundaries around which identities and practices are included, and the ideological foundations and consequences of this thinking. SWERF logics are understood as mistranslations of the radical potentialities of feminism, clustered around three sites: exclusion (against bodily autonomy) , equivocation (between sex work and labor trafficking), and misrepresentation (of the sex worker as antifeminist monster). Each of these mistranslations underpins a SWERF necropolitics, an ethos (and praxis) of deathly exclusion which I argue is not only an effect of these logics, but a prerequisite for their persistence. Sex workers become the bad Other of these logic, resulting in feminist arguments for carceral control, surveillance and outing, and stigmatization, each of which creates conditions for loss of livelihood and life, as well as weakening other feminist goals premised on self-determination, harm reduction, and safety