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Tracing Colonial Violence in Women-Loving Women’s Relations: Towards a Decolonial Approach
No full textQualitative research methods and methodologies are experiential approaches that offer rich and vivid snapshots of social life amongst a group of people, as it occurs in everyday life. Employing qualitative research methods involves investigating the lived experiences of complex subject matters and subgroups that remain highly marginalized. This chapter explores how women engaging in same-sex/gender relationships self-identified and navigate(d) violence and human rights violence in the post-colonial nation of Guyana. Using in-depth interviewing and participant observation, it shows how women-loving women (WLW), and LGBTQ emerges as self-identification categories and aid in negotiating violence, geographical spaces, and communal structures. Data were collected from 33 self-identified women between the ages of 18–60 from urban Georgetown and rural Berbice about their understanding of self-identifications and perceptions of violence. The techniques of in-depth interviewing and participant observation allows us to glean how marginalization of WLW and LGBTQ subgroups navigate different discourses of violence and work towards developing specific interventions based on the needs of this vulnerable group
Inclusive Education and UDL Professional Development for Teachers in Sweden and India
Get PDFIn education, the factors involved in a successful inclusive education classroom are diverse and multidimensional, with a growing research base. Universal design for learning (UDL) can help educators address the varied needs of students through diversification of the design of instructional methods, materials, and assessments. Global interest in UDL has driven the need for more teacher training opportunities. This chapter contributes to the literature base on professional development in UDL cases by presenting two examples from two national contexts, Sweden and India. The authors ground the two cases in the literature on teacher training, inclusive education, and UDL, concluding with a discussion on the contextual impact and insights stemming from the cases
IPBES Invasive Alien Species Assessment: Chapter 2. Trends and status of alien and invasive alien species
Get PDFChapter 2: Trends and status of alien and invasive alien species of the Thematic Assessment Report on Invasive Alien Species and their Control of the Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services
A Global Comparison of Marine Chlorophyll Variability Observed in Eulerian and Lagrangian Perspectives
No full textOcean chlorophyll time series exhibit temporal variability on a range of timescales due to environmental change, ecological interactions, dispersal, and other factors. The differences in chlorophyll temporal variability observed at stationary locations (Eulerian perspective) or following water parcels (Lagrangian perspective) are poorly understood. Here we contrasted the temporal variability of ocean chlorophyll in these two observational perspectives, using global drifter trajectories and satellite chlorophyll to generate matched pairs of Eulerian-Lagrangian time series. We found that for most ocean locations, chlorophyll variances measured in Eulerian and Lagrangian perspectives are not statistically different. In high latitude areas, the two perspectives may capture similar variability due to the large spatial scale of chlorophyll patches. In localized regions of the ocean, however, chlorophyll variability measured in these two perspectives may significantly differ. For example, in some western boundary currents, temporal chlorophyll variability in the Lagrangian perspective was greater than in the Eulerian perspective. In these cases, the observing platform travels rapidly across strong environmental gradients and constrained by the shelf topography, potentially leading to greater Lagrangian variability in chlorophyll. In contrast, we found that Eulerian chlorophyll variability exceeded Lagrangian variability in some key upwelling zones and boundary current extensions. In these cases, variability in the nutrient supply may generate intermittent chlorophyll anomalies in the Eulerian perspective, while the Lagrangian perspective sees the transport of such anomalies off-shore. These findings aid with the interpretation of chlorophyll time series from different sampling methodologies, inform observational network design, and guide validation of marine ecosystem models
Considerations of Low Carbohydrate Availability (LCA) to Relative Energy Deficiency in Sport (RED-S) in Female Endurance Athletes: A Narrative Review
Get PDFThe purpose of this narrative review is to identify health and performance consequences associated with LCA in female endurance athletes. The intake of carbohydrates (CHO) before, during, and after exercise has been demonstrated to support sport performance, especially endurance activities which rely extensively on CHO as a fuel source. However, low energy availability (LEA) and low carbohydrate availability (LCA) are common in female athletes. LEA occurs when energy intake is insufficient compared to exercise energy expenditure, and LEA-related conditions (e.g., Female Athlete Triad (Triad) and Relative Energy Deficiency in Sport (RED-S)) are associated with a myriad of health and performance consequences. The RED-S model highlights 10 health consequences and 10 performance consequences related to LEA. The independent effect of LCA on health and performance has been under-researched, despite current CHO intake being commonly insufficient in athletes. It is proposed that LCA may not only contribute to LEA but also have independent health and performance consequences in athletes. Furthermore, this review highlights current recommendations for CHO intake, as well as recent data on LCA prevalence and menstrual cycle considerations. A literature review was conducted on PubMed, Science Direct, and ResearchGate using relevant search terms (i.e., “low carbohydrate/energy availability”, “female distance runners”). Twenty-one articles were identified and twelve met the inclusion criteria. The total number of articles included in this review is 12, with 7 studies illustrating that LCA was associated with direct negative health and/or performance implications for endurance-based athletes. Several studies included assessed male athletes only, and no studies included a female-only study design. Overall, the cumulative data show that female athletes remain underrepresented in sports science research and that current CHO intake recommendations and strategies may fail to consider female-specific adaptations and hormone responses, such as monthly fluctuations in estrogen and progesterone throughout the menstrual cycle. Current CHO guidelines for female athletes and exercising women need to be audited and explored further in the literature to support female athlete health and performance
Measuring the scientific impact of FishBase after three decades
No full textFishBase (www.fishbase.org) is a global, open access information system about fishes that contains published scientific data on topics such as physiology and behaviour, life-history characteristics, and species distributions. Since its creation in the late 1980s, FishBase has evolved into a highly dynamic and versatile tool for scientists and the public. The goal of this study is to quantify the impact of FishBase using citation analysis. We used three sources to count the number of times FishBase has been cited and the ways in which it has been used: Scopus for citations in peer-reviewed journals. Google Scholar for citations by a variety of items on the Internet, and Google Books for citations in books. Our findings reveal that FishBase has received more than 10,000 citations in total from 1994 to 2020 (up to 1,229 annual citations in 2020) across hundreds of peer-reviewed journals in Scopus, while Google Scholar attributed nearly 15,000 total citations to FishBase, with an average of 1200+ citations per year from 2017 to 2021. Regions that use FishBase the most are in Europe, United States of America, Brazil, and Australia. Some of the top authors citing FishBase come from fields in agricultural (i.e., aquaculture), biological and environmental sciences, and work on fisheries biology and management, as well as parasitology, among others. Most citations of FishBase use it as a source of data for information on diet composition, fish sizes and length-weight relationships, taxonomy, or fish habitat. With a cumulative number of citations in the peer-reviewed literature exceeding 10,000 in Scopus and 15,000 in Google Scholar, FishBase is in the top 1% of all cited items published in this and the previous century
Usage Statistics: Project COUNTER R5 tr_b1 Report FY2023 - Book Requests (Excluding OA_Gold) by Title
No full textProject COUNTER R5 Report TR_B1 for the University of Rhode Island for the period from July 1, 2022 - June 30, 2023. The TR_B1 report is defined as Book Requests (Excluding OA_Gold). This report presents an annual total only and only includes those platforms successfully configured for automated harvesting via SUSHI.
File for download is Excel spreadsheet generated by Alma Analytics.
Results:
Total Item Requests - 118,197
Unique Title Requests - 46,80
Chemical pollution and the ocean
No full textChemicals of anthropogenic (human-made) origin are transported throughout the atmosphere and down rivers and streams, eventually ending up in the world\u27s coastal and open oceans. This chemical pollution enters marine food webs, and humans are exposed primarily through seafood consumption. The fate of several legacy and emerging chemicals of concern (including mercury, PCBs, DDT, PFAS, and current use pesticides) are discussed. Given their divergent properties, these pollutants have different pathways of transport in the biosphere and entry into food webs. The adverse effects of these pollutants on human health are well documented and have led to regulatory actions, including fish consumption advisories. The banning of production and use of several chemicals, and the emission abatement of others [e.g., polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), DDT, and two priority per and polyfluorinated alkyl substances (PFASs)], have resulted in measurable decreases in their concentrations in the oceans. However, anthropogenic mercury appears to be increasing. Moreover, the fate of these ocean chemicals in the environment is being altered by changes in the environment associated with the climate, particularly in the Arctic region
Teaching critical race media literacy through Black historical narratives
Get PDFOn the 400th anniversary of American enslavement the New York Times (NYT) 1619 project launched an interactive digital experience including a popular podcast centering the contributions and narratives of Black Americans. This study sought to understand how HBCU students responded to learning Black music history through what we term a “pop culture podcast.” This study explored the ways in which this particular podcast could support the development of Critical Race Media Literacy (CRML) based on a media discourse at a Historically Black College/University (HBCU). This study employed survey research and focus group discussions with HBCU students in two courses. The study found that by having students recognize and challenge the dominant narratives, pop culture podcasts focused on Black narratives can be utilized to help students develop Critical Race Media Literacy. While students indicated a stronger preference for learning through podcasts, there was no difference in the amount of knowledge attained through either platform (print vs podcast). Further, Finally, the authors outline key considerations for educators interested in using podcasts to teach Black history