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The Humpty Dumpty Scale: cross-cultural adaptation and validation for Brazilian culture
No full textObjective: To adapt and validate The Humpty Dumpty Scale for Brazilian culture. Methods: Methodological study that followed the steps of translation, synthesis, back-translation, evaluation by specialists, pre-test and evaluation by the author of the original instrument for the cross-cultural adaptation. A total of 103 children/adolescents admitted to a public hospital in the countryside of the state of Sao Paulo were selected. We used a characterization form, The Humpty Dumpty Scale and the Pediatric Patient Classification Instrument, which was used to assess construct validity, with Spearman’s correlation coefficient. Interobserver reliability was assessed using the Intraclass Correlation Coefficient and the Kappa coefficient. Results: The committee of 12 experts evaluated the equivalence, clarity and relevance of the items and after three rounds, the percentage of 100% agreement was reached. The reformulations made the items more understandable and, after the author’s evaluation, the final version of the instrument was obtained. Positive and significant correlations were found between The Humpty Dumpty Scale and the Patient (r=0.5184; p\u3c0.0001) and Therapeutic Procedures (r=0.2143; p\u3c0.0332) domains of the patient classification instrument. With the Family domain (r=0.0676; p=0.5060), no significant relationships were achieved. Satisfactory evidence of reliability (Intraclass Correlation Coefficient of 0.93 and Kappa coefficient of 0.80) was observed. Conclusion: The Humpty Dumpty Scale was cross-culturally adapted and is now called (in Portuguese) the Ferramenta de Avaliação de Risco de Quedas - Escala Humpty Dumpty. It demonstrated satisfactory evidence of validity and reliability to assess the risk of falling in children and adolescents in the Brazilian context
Improved Performance of Silicon-Containing Anodes with Organic Solvent-Solubilized Lithium Nitrate
Get PDFThree different organic solvents (dimethylacetamide (DMAc), dimethylformamide (DMF), and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO)) were used to improve the solubility of LiNO3 in a standard carbonate-based electrolyte with lithium difluoro(oxalato)borate (LiDFOB) as the salt. Together, the LiDFOB and organic-solvent solubilized LiNO3 preferentially reduce on the surface of silicon-containing anodes to create an SEI rich in oxalates, nitrate decomposition species, and B-F species. The improved stability of the SEI throughout the first 100 cycles results in silicon and silicon/graphite composite anodes with better capacity retention than observed with standard electrolytes or fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC) containing electrolytes. This study demonstrates the feasibility of the use of non-traditional electrolyte solvents in the improvement and optimization of lithium ion-battery electrolytes
Describing the diet of a generalist feeder: the striped searobin (Prionotus evolans) from Narragansett Bay, Rhode Island (USA)
No full textThe warm-water species, striped searobin (Prionotus evolans), has colonized Narragansett Bay (Rhode Island, USA) in recent decades. To clarify the high variability of past investigations, the aim of this study was to characterize the diet of striped searobins. Stomach contents from searobins collected throughout Narragansett Bay in 2019 were identified and analyzed. Diet varied ontogenetically, seasonally, and regionally. The ontogenetic changes in diet reflected an expansion of searobin niche breadth: all searobins ate a diet with sand shrimp; however, smaller searobins ate primarily sand shrimp, while larger searobins also consumed crustaceans and finfish. Searobin diet varied by month, but diet composition did not exhibit a singular trend. Regional variation was illustrated by a dominance of mysid shrimp in Upper-Bay searobin samples, while the Mid- and Lower-Bay samples contained larger proportions of other crustacea and sand shrimp. Their flexible diet provides strong evidence that striped searobins are adaptable generalist feeders. Searobin stomachs included nine prey species of economic importance; such predation could become more common as continued increase of habitat use of searobins in Narragansett Bay may result in greater overlap with the occurrence of vulnerable juvenile stages of economically valuable species (e.g., winter flounder). The results of this work contribute to our understanding of the evolving role of the striped searobin in food webs, particularly those in Southern New England (USA)
Recurring bleaching events disrupt the spatial properties of coral reef benthic communities across scales
Get PDFMarine heatwaves are causing recurring coral bleaching events on tropical reefs that are driving ecosystem change. Yet, little is known about how bleaching and subsequent coral mortality impacts the spatial properties of tropical seascapes, such as patterns of organism spatial clustering and heterogeneity across scales. Changes in these spatial properties can offer insight into ecosystem recovery potential following disturbance. Here we repeatedly quantified coral reef benthic spatial properties around the circumference of an uninhabited tropical island in the central Pacific over a 9-year period that included a minor and subsequent severe marine heatwave. Benthic communities showed increased biotic homogenisation following both minor and mass bleaching, becoming more taxonomically similar with less diverse intra-island community composition. Hard coral cover, which was highly spatially clustered around the island prior to bleaching, became less spatially clustered following minor bleaching and was indiscernible from a random distribution across all scales (100–2000 m) following mass bleaching. Interestingly, the reduced degree of hard coral cover spatial clustering was already evident by the onset of mass bleaching and before any dramatic wholesale loss in island-mean coral cover occurred. Reductions in hard coral spatial clustering may therefore offer an early indication of the ecosystem becoming degraded prior to mass coral mortality. In contrast, the spatial clustering of competitive fleshy macroalgae remained unchanged through both bleaching events, while crustose coralline algae and fleshy turf algae became more spatially clustered at larger scales (200–700 m) following mass bleaching. Overall, benthic community spatial patterning became less predictable following bleaching and was no longer reflective of gradients in long-term environmental drivers that typically structure these remote reefs. Our findings provide novel insights into how climate-driven marine heatwaves can impact the spatial properties of coral reef communities over multiple scales
Usage Statistics: Project COUNTER R5 tr_j1 Report FY2022 - Journal Requests (Excluding OA_Gold) by Title
No full textProject COUNTER R5 Report TR_J1 for the University of Rhode Island for the period from July 1, 2021 - June 30, 2022. The TR_J1 report is defined as Journal Requests (Excluding OA_Gold). This report presents an annual total only and only includes those platforms successfully configured for automated harvesting via SUSHI.
File for download is Excel spreadsheet generated by Alma Analytics.
Results:
Total Item Requests - 771,947
Unique Item Requests - 578,43
Usage Statistics: Project COUNTER R5 tr_b1 Report FY2022 - Book Requests (Excluding OA_Gold) by Platform
No full textProject COUNTER R5 Report TR_B1 for the University of Rhode Island for the period from July 1, 2021 - June 30, 2022. The TR_B1 report is defined as Book Requests (Excluding OA_Gold). This report presents an annual total only and only includes those platforms successfully configured for automated harvesting via SUSHI.
File for download is Excel spreadsheet generated by Alma Analytics.
Results:
Total Item Requests - 92,619
Unique Title Requests - 43,01
Usage Statistics: Project COUNTER R5 pr_p1 Report FY2022 - Platform Usage
No full textProject COUNTER R5 Report PR_P1 for the University of Rhode Island for the period from July 1, 2021 - June 30, 2022. The PR_P1 report is defined as Platform Usage. This report presents an annual total only and only includes those platforms successfully configured for automated harvesting via SUSHI.
File for download is Excel spreadsheet generated by Alma Analytics.
Results:
Searches Platform - 390,026
Total Item Requests - 1,061,890
Unique Item Requests - 797,626
Unique Title Requests - 43,69
Marketing sustainability within the jewelry industry
Get PDFThis study investigated how brands’ sustainability-related marketing messages impact consumers’ word of mouth and brand loyalty within the jewelry industry, using a Brazilian context. It also investigated the mediating roles of sustainability awareness of consequences, ascribed responsibility of sustainability, and personal norms, in the relationships using the norm activation model. Implementing an experimental design, data were collected from 300 Brazilian consumers. The results showed that the presence of sustainability information in marketing messages significantly but indirectly impacts consumers’ behaviors. Sustainability marketing messages appealed to consumers’ underlying sustainability-oriented awareness, responsibility, and obligations to predict their behavioral responses. This study is the first to respond to the scholarly need of jewelry brands effectively market their sustainability initiatives to improve their consumers’ reactions. These findings add knowledge to the literature on sustainable luxury marketing and guide jewelry brands’ marketing communications
Comparative Effectiveness and Safety of Direct Oral Anticoagulants and Warfarin in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation and Chronic Liver Disease: A Nationwide Cohort Study
No full textBackground: The benefit-risk profile of direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) compared with warfarin, and between DOACs in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) and chronic liver disease is unclear. Methods: We conducted a new-user, retrospective cohort study of patients with AF and chronic liver disease who were enrolled in a large, US-based administrative database between January 1, 2011, and December 31, 2017. We assessed the effectiveness and safety of DOACs (as a class and individually) compared with warfarin, and between DOACs in patients with AF and chronic liver disease. The primary outcomes were hospitalization for ischemic stroke/systemic embolism and hospitalization for major bleeding. Inverse probability treatment weights were used to balance the treatment groups on measured confounders. Results: Overall, 10 209 participants were included, with 4421 (43.2%) on warfarin, 2721 (26.7%) apixaban, 2211 (21.7%) rivaroxaban, and 851 (8.3%) dabigatran. The incidence rates per 100 person-years for ischemic stroke/systemic embolism were 2.2, 1.4, 2.6, and 4.4 for DOACs as a class, apixaban, rivaroxaban, and warfarin, respectively. The incidence rates per 100 person-years for major bleeding were 7.9, 6.5, 9.1, and 15.0 for DOACs as a class, apixaban, rivaroxaban, and warfarin, respectively. After inverse probability treatment weights, the risk of hospitalization for ischemic stroke/systemic embolism was significantly lower between DOACs as a class (hazard ratio [HR], 0.64 [95% CI, 0.46-0.90]) or apixaban (HR, 0.40 [95% CI, 0.19-0.82]) compared with warfarin, but not significantly different between rivaroxaban versus warfarin (HR, 0.76 [95% CI, 0.47-1.21]) or rivaroxaban versus apixaban (HR, 1.73 [95% CI, 0.91-3.29]). Compared with warfarin, the risk of hospitalization for major bleeding was lower with DOACs as a class (HR, 0.69 [95% CI, 0.58-0.82]), apixaban (HR, 0.60 [95% CI, 0.46-0.78]), and rivaroxaban (HR, 0.79 [95% CI, 0.62-1.0]). However, the risk of hospitalization for major bleeding was higher for rivaroxaban versus apixaban (HR, 1.59 [95% CI, 1.18-2.14]). Conclusions: Among patients with AF and chronic liver disease, DOACs as a class were associated with lower risks of hospitalization for ischemic stroke/systemic embolism and major bleeding versus warfarin. However, the incidence of clinical outcomes among patients with AF and chronic liver disease varied between individual DOACs and warfarin, and in head-to-head DOAC comparisons