E-Journal UMSIDA (Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo)
Not a member yet
1909 research outputs found
Sort by
Military Spending and Economic Growth Dynamics in Iraq, 2004–2023: Dinamika Pengeluaran Militer dan Pertumbuhan Ekonomi di Irak, 2004–2023
Full text linkGeneral Background: The relationship between military spending and economic growth has long been debated, with contrasting theoretical perspectives suggesting either positive stimulus effects or harmful crowding-out impacts. Specific Background: Iraq represents a critical case, as the post-2003 political and security instability substantially reshaped its public expenditure structure, with military allocations absorbing significant resources. Knowledge Gap: While prior studies have examined this relationship in Iraq, few have applied advanced econometric approaches across the extended period of 2004–2023, leaving uncertainty regarding short- versus long-term effects. Aims: This study analyzes the impact of military spending on Iraq’s GDP using the autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) model to evaluate both short-run and long-run dynamics. Results: The findings reveal that military spending has only a short-term effect on GDP, while no significant long-term relationship exists. Moreover, excessive reliance on consumer-oriented military expenditures, coupled with weak domestic defense industries, limited Iraq’s capacity to translate security outlays into sustainable economic growth. Novelty: By applying ARDL modeling to two decades of Iraqi data, this study provides a nuanced distinction between transitory and persistent impacts of defense spending. Implications: The results suggest that fiscal policies should balance security needs with investments in productive sectors, redirecting resources toward infrastructure, education, and healthcare to foster long-term stability and growth.Highlight :
Military spending in Iraq was mostly consumer, not productive.
The ARDL model confirmed only a short-term impact on GDP.
High defense focus reduced resources for education, health, and infrastructure.
Keywords : Military Spending, GDP, Autoregressive Model, Iraq, Economic Growt
Flipbook-Based Motor Teaching Materials for Literacy in Qur’an Hadith Learning
Full text linkGeneral Background: In the digital era, integrating technology into education has become essential to foster student motivation and literacy skills. Specific Background: In the context of Islamic education, particularly in Qur’an Hadith learning, students often face monotony and low interest in literacy, requiring innovative teaching media. Knowledge Gap: While previous studies have examined flipbook media in general learning contexts, little attention has been given to its application in strengthening literacy and motor engagement within Qur’an Hadith learning. Aims: This study investigates the planning, utilization, and supporting as well as inhibiting factors in the use of flipbook-based motor teaching materials for Qur’an Hadith learning at MTs Nurul Ikhwan Concession. Results: Findings indicate that well-prepared planning and application of flipbook-based teaching materials enhanced students’ literacy, increased enthusiasm, facilitated understanding, and encouraged interactive participation, despite occasional obstacles such as unstable internet and access limitations. Novelty: Unlike prior research, this study emphasizes the dual role of flipbooks as both literacy reinforcement tools and motor-based teaching aids in religious education. Implications: The research suggests that flipbook-based teaching materials can serve as effective digital literacy strategies in Islamic education, bridging technological innovation with religious character formation.
Highlights:
Flipbook-based teaching materials increase literacy and learning enthusiasm.
Proper planning and school support enhance media utilization.
Challenges include unstable networks and limited access links.
Keywords: Flipbook Media, Digital Literacy, Qur’an Hadith Learning, Motor Teaching Materials, Student Engagemen
Training on School and Madrasa Work Plans to Improve Education Quality Standards
Full text linkGeneral Background: Education plays a pivotal role in shaping human resources and national development, requiring systematic planning and management to ensure quality improvement. Specific Background: In Ponorogo Regency, although more than 1,700 educational institutions exist, many schools and madrasahs have not fully utilized the School/Madrasah Work Plan (RKSM) as a strategic instrument, often perceiving it merely as administrative compliance. Knowledge Gap: This limited understanding and inconsistent implementation of RKSM hinder efforts to elevate educational quality standards, highlighting the need for capacity-building programs. Aims: This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of training based on the Asset-Based Community Development (ABCD) approach in enhancing educators’ competence in preparing RKSM. Results: A pre-test and post-test comparison revealed a significant improvement, with mean scores increasing from 43.33 to 74.17, supported by t-test analysis showing high statistical significance (p < 0.005). Novelty: Unlike conventional approaches, the use of the ABCD framework emphasizes local assets—teachers, facilities, and community support—transforming planning into a participatory and contextually relevant process. Implications: The findings confirm that ABCD-based training strengthens educational planning, fosters collaboration among stakeholders, and contributes to sustainable quality enhancement in schools and madrasahs across Ponorogo.
Highlights:
Training with the ABCD approach significantly improved educators’ planning skills.
Pre-test to post-test scores rose from 43.33 to 74.17 with strong significance.
Asset-based methods foster collaboration and sustainable quality enhancement.
Keywords: RKSM, Education Quality, ABCD Approach, Teacher Competenc
Culture-Based Short Story Learning for Strengthening Students’ Patriotic Character
No full textGeneral Background: Literature-based character education is essential for strengthening students’ cultural awareness and national identity. Specific Background: Despite its potential, the use of culture-based short stories in Indonesian language learning is often not optimally aligned with students’ sociocultural contexts. Knowledge Gap: Few studies have examined how locally rooted short stories function as contextual tools for cultivating patriotism within madrasah-level education. Aims: This study analyzes the use of two cultural short stories—“Yogyakarta” and “Mencintai Budaya Sendiri”—to reinforce patriotic character values among students at MTs Darul Falah Sumbergempol. Results: The findings show that “Yogyakarta” fosters religiosity, curiosity, perseverance, and appreciation for national heritage, while “Mencintai Budaya Sendiri” strengthens cultural pride, tolerance, responsibility, and identity preservation. Integrating both texts increased students’ reading interest, cultural awareness, and patriotic attitudes. Novelty: This research demonstrates that local literary works serve not only as aesthetic reading materials but also as effective instruments of cultural resistance amid globalization by embedding contextual, relatable values. Implications: Schools are encouraged to adopt local culture–based literature to enhance character education, support literacy improvement, and reinforce national identity among the younger generation.
Highlights:
Use of local culture–based short stories to strengthen students’ patriotic character
Integration of “Yogyakarta” and “Mencintai Budaya Sendiri” increases reading interest and cultural awareness.
Shows that local literature can act as an effective, contextual medium for character education in the digital/global era.
Keywords: Short Stories, Character Education, Patriotism, Indonesian Language Learning, Local Cultur
Gamification of Iqra’ to Strengthen Religious Literacy of Migrant Children
No full textGeneral Background: Education for Indonesian migrant children abroad often faces limitations in access, resources, and teacher availability, which weakens their religious literacy. Specific Background: At the Indonesian Education Center (PPWNI) Klang, Malaysia, the ability of children to read hijaiyah letters is hindered by monotonous methods and low motivation. Knowledge Gap: Previous studies have shown the effectiveness of gamification in general and formal education, but little research has examined its integration with the Iqra’ method in non-formal migrant contexts. Aims: This study investigates how gamification can be applied in Iqra’ learning for migrant children and evaluates its impact on motivation, discipline, participation, and literacy skills. Results: Using a qualitative case study with 30 students and one teacher, the findings reveal that gamification elements—such as points, scoreboards, challenges, and star rewards—improved attendance (from 70% to 90%), raised average scores (from 58 to 82), and enhanced confidence in reading aloud. Novelty: This research uniquely integrates gamification with the Iqra’ method in a non-formal migrant setting with limited resources, demonstrating effectiveness without relying on digital technology. Implications: The study contributes theoretically by offering a community-based gamification model and practically by providing an enjoyable and replicable solution for strengthening religious literacy among migrant children.
Highlights:
Gamification effectively boosts motivation, discipline, and literacy skills.
Integrating Iqra’ with gamification in migrant settings is novel.
Simple, low-tech strategies can improve learning outcomes significantly.
Keywords: Gamification, Iqra’ Method, Religious Literacy, Migrant Children, Non-Formal Education
Source Dependent Ginger Supplementation Alters Triglyceride Levels in ISA Brown Hens
Full text linkGeneral background: The poultry industry faces pressure to reduce antibiotic growth promoters and adopt natural alternatives that support productivity and animal health. Specific background: Ginger (Zingiber officinale) is widely recognized for its bioactive compounds with hypolipidemic, antioxidant, and antimicrobial properties, but its chemical composition varies with geographical origin, which may affect its biological efficacy. Knowledge gap: Limited evidence exists on how different sources and dietary inclusion levels of ginger influence serum biochemical traits in laying hens. Aims: This study examined the effects of 1% and 2% dietary inclusion levels of Indian, American, Spanish, and South African ginger powders on serum glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides, and total protein in ISA Brown laying hens. Results: While glucose, cholesterol, and total protein levels were unaffected, triglycerides showed significant variation: 2% Spanish ginger reduced levels by ~51% compared with control, whereas 1% American ginger increased levels by ~35%. Pearson’s correlations revealed a moderate negative association between glucose and triglycerides (r = −0.563) and a positive association between triglycerides and protein (r = 0.553). Novelty: This is the first comparative analysis linking ginger’s geographical origin to serum lipid modulation in layers. Implications: Spanish ginger at 2% emerges as a promising natural additive for lipid control and sustainable poultry nutrition.
Highlights:
Spanish ginger at 2% significantly reduced serum triglycerides.
Glucose, cholesterol, and protein levels were unaffected by treatments.
Ginger’s geographical origin influences its metabolic effects in poultry.
Keywords : Ginger, Egg Mass Layer, Feed Intake, Yolk Color. 
Molecular Detection of Virulence Genes in Candida albicans Isolated from Cow Milk: Deteksi Molekuler Gen Virulensi pada Candida albicans yang Diisolasi dari Susu Sapi
No full textGeneral Background: Milk and its derivatives are essential nutritional sources, but they can serve as vehicles for pathogenic microorganisms, including opportunistic yeasts like Candida albicans, which pose significant health risks. Specific Background: C. albicans is a commensal organism capable of transitioning into a pathogenic state, aided by virulence genes such as ALS1 and PLB1, which enhance adhesion and biofilm formation. Knowledge Gap: Despite its clinical relevance, limited molecular data exist on C. albicans virulence factors in raw cow milk from rural regions, where hygienic practices may be suboptimal. Aims: This study aimed to isolate C. albicans from cow milk and detect key virulence genes (ALS1 and PLB1) using PCR analysis. Results: Of 50 milk samples, 28% were positive for C. albicans; 92% of isolates formed biofilms, while ALS1 and PLB1 were detected in 85% and 100% of isolates, respectively. Novelty: This research provides the first molecular evidence of virulent C. albicans in cow milk from rural Wasit Province, emphasizing its zoonotic potential. Implications: The findings highlight the need for improved dairy hygiene, routine monitoring, and antifungal strategies targeting virulence factors to enhance milk safety and public health.Highlight :
A total of 28% of cow milk samples were found to contain Candida albicans.
The virulence genes PLB1 (100%) and ALS1 (85%) were successfully identified using PCR.
The findings indicate that C. albicans in milk can pose health risks to consumers if not handled hygienically.
Keywords : Candida Albicans, CALB1 Gene, ALS1 Gene, PLB1 Gene, PCR 
Stakeholder Pressure and Ownership Structure on Sustainability Report Disclosure : Tekanan Pemangku Kepentingan dan Struktur Kepemilikan terhadap Pengungkapan Laporan Keberlanjutan
No full textGeneral background: Global attention to sustainability has increased significantly, urging companies to integrate social and environmental accountability into business practices through sustainability reports. Specific background: In Indonesia, regulations such as POJK No. 51/POJK.03/2017 have strengthened the disclosure of Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) information, particularly in energy sector firms with high environmental impacts. Knowledge gap: However, prior studies reveal inconsistent findings regarding how stakeholder pressure and ownership structure influence the extent of sustainability report disclosure. Aims: This study examines the effects of stakeholder pressure—measured by investor orientation and external audit pressure—and foreign ownership structure on the level of sustainability report disclosure among energy companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange during 2021–2023. Results: Using panel data regression on 18 companies (54 observations), the findings show that investor and audit pressures have no significant effects, while foreign ownership positively influences disclosure at the 10% level (β = 0.177; p = 0.054). Novelty: The study highlights that foreign investors play a critical role in enhancing sustainability transparency in emerging markets. Implications: Strengthening domestic investor awareness and external audit roles is essential to improving sustainability reporting quality and aligning Indonesia’s corporate practices with international ESG standards.
Highlights:
Foreign ownership significantly enhances sustainability report transparency.
Investor and audit pressures show no significant effect in Indonesia’s energy firms.
Findings emphasize the need to strengthen domestic ESG engagement and governance.
Keywords: Stakeholder Pressure, Foreign Ownership, Sustainability Report, Esg Disclosure, Audit Qualit
Molecular Study of Lysozyme Resistant Gram- negative Bacteria
No full textGeneral Background: Lysozyme, an essential antimicrobial enzyme found in bodily fluids, serves as a vital component of the innate immune system, acting primarily by hydrolyzing bacterial cell walls. Specific Background: While lysozyme effectively targets Gram-positive bacteria, Gram-negative bacteria often display resistance due to their protective outer membrane. Recent studies have suggested that specific genes, such as icaA and OatA, may contribute to lysozyme resistance by enhancing biofilm formation and altering cell wall structure. Knowledge Gap: Limited molecular data exist regarding the prevalence of these resistance genes among Gram-negative pathogens isolated from burn patients, particularly in Iraq. Aims: This study aimed to identify the presence of icaA and OatA genes in Gram-negative bacterial isolates from burn patients and assess their potential roles in lysozyme resistance. Results: Among 36 bacterial isolates, Pseudomonas aeruginosa (72.20%) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (27.80%) were dominant. The icaA gene was detected in 30.60% and the OatA gene in 22.20% of isolates. Novelty: This research provides the first molecular evidence of icaA and OatA gene distribution among lysozyme-resistant Gram-negative bacteria in burn patients in Thi-Qar. Implications: The findings highlight the need for continuous molecular surveillance of resistance determinants to improve antimicrobial strategies and infection control in burn treatment settings.Highlight :
Lysozyme is a key natural antibacterial enzyme.
icaA and OatA genes were found in burn bacterial isolates.
Monitoring resistance genes is essential.
Keywords : Pseudomonas Aeruginosa, OatA Gene, icaA Gene, Burn Patient, Lysozyme Resistan
Kahoot-Based Learning and Students’ Critical Thinking in Islamic Education
No full textGeneral Background: The integration of digital learning media has become essential in modern education to enhance student engagement and higher-order thinking skills. Specific Background: In Islamic Religious Education (PAI), students’ critical thinking abilities often remain low due to conventional lecture-based approaches, as observed at SMP IT Nurul Ilmi Medan. Knowledge Gap: Although previous studies highlight the benefits of game-based learning platforms such as Kahoot, limited research explores how its implementation specifically shapes learning processes, teacher strategies, and students’ critical thinking skills within PAI classrooms. Aims: This study investigates the implementation of Kahoot in PAI learning and examines its role in improving students’ critical thinking abilities. Results: Findings show that Kahoot increases student participation, creates an enjoyable and interactive learning atmosphere, and enhances analytical, evaluative, and reflective thinking as evidenced by improved learning engagement and performance. Supporting factors include school Wi-Fi, teacher readiness, and student motivation, while inhibiting factors involve device limitations and unstable internet access. Novelty: This study provides an in-depth qualitative analysis of Kahoot’s pedagogical integration, moving beyond outcome evaluation to examine learning dynamics and contextual challenges. Implications: Kahoot serves as an effective digital strategy to foster critical thinking in PAI learning and supports the principles of 21st-century education and the Pancasila Student Profile.
Highlights:
Kahoot improves student engagement and strengthens critical thinking in PAI learning.
Implementation success depends on teacher readiness, supportive infrastructure, and meaningful question design.
Game-based learning offers an effective strategy aligned with 21st-century education demands.
Keywords: Kahoot, Islamic Education, Critical Thinking, Digital Learning, Gamificatio