International Journal of Computer (IJC - Global Society of Scientific Research and Researchers, GSSRR)
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Hybrid Domino XOR Gate with Dual Threshold Voltage Transistors
Get PDFAt the present time, in integrated circuit technology CMOS, low power design is an important subject in system design. In order to achieve this target, power consumption must be minimized. In this article two new domino XOR gates in 45nm technology are presented. First proposed circuits adopt hybrid transistor topology in the pull-down network with all transistors being low threshold voltages. A second proposed circuit adopts hybrid topology with dual threshold voltage transistors. By eliminating two input inverter and preventing the pulse flow to the output node during the precharge phase, power consumption in this circuit is reduced. First proposed circuit reduces active mode power consumption by 78.91% and 54.55% as compared to standard N-type domino XOR and P-type domino XOR.. Similarly, second proposed circuit reduces active mode power consumption by 81.43% and 59.98% as compared to standard N-type domino XOR and P-type domino XOR
Modelling a Policy Role Based Access Control Mechanism for Task Delegation in a Nomadic Environment
Get PDFNomadic environments are governed by standard principles and lay down rules that should be followed to enable it meet set aim and objectives. More recently, nomadic environments have virtually employed the use of Role Based Access Control (RBAC) Mechanisms to proffer access control solutions to role assignments which ordinarily would have be accomplished manually. In modelling systems for users in a nomadic environment, most RBAC mechanisms does not effectively consider the security lapses related to human to human task delegation. To avert this lapses, during system modelling and design, there is the need for software developers to consciously put into consideration the inclusion of organizational policy rules guiding role assignment and task delegation in a secured manner. Failure to do so, may create usability and security issues resulting from a delegatee abusing his privileges in performing other tasks of the delegator. This paper is therefore aimed at using mathematical and algorithmic methods to model a policy based approach in implementing the Role Based Access Control mechanism for users in a nomadic environment. With this approach, task delegation can be implemented in a usable and secured manner
Formulating DNA Chains Using Effective Calculability
Get PDFNearly all computational algorithms are modeled as ‘Effective Calculability’ i.e Finite State Model and Lambda Calculus. Effectively calculable function Comprise of three parts: the info, the yield, and the finite state function or transition function. It takes stream of data as input and translates to specific output, as defined by transition function [1]. The aftereffect of this conversion is another flood of information or the yield. Both i.e info and yield information streams comprise of arrangements of characters and are known as strings. DNA exhibits a property of being a pattern of strings. Automatic machines like automata and Lambda Calculus or simply the Effective Calculability [8] can be an efficient approach to study these patterns. By the introduction of Effective Calculability we can express the pattern of DNA in much better way. The transition function runs stepwise each character of the information string to produce the output string. The transformations achieved by the transition function are relatively simple in nature. Complex computations and operations can be affected by linking together several Effective Calculability switches so that the output string of one switch becomes the input string of another switch
An Enhanced Scheduling Algorithms Framework on Wi-Fi for Reducing Network Delay
Get PDFWi-Fi is a modern wireless network that provides several converged integration service. Due to remarkable growth there is a need to improve quality of service. This research focus on developing framework that enhanced the scheduling in Wi-Fi and improving QoS so as to allocate resources based on aggregation of frames, separation of different access categories. The problems which the Wi-Fi user’s face is delay of packets. This research focuses on Wi-Fi IEEE 802.11n that support a high bandwidth transmission rate and aggregation of Ethernet packets. A simulation was carried out to compare network QoS performance with and without the proposed framework. Simulations Shows that there is reduction of delay, the change in packet size in this Simulation control environment slightly alters the delay. There is reduction in delay when using Dynamic Aggregation Scheduler compared to without Dynamic Aggregation Scheduler. Generally as the packet size increases, Dynamic Aggregation Scheduler reduces the delay. Although, this scheduling algorithm produced better QoS results there were still some delay in the network
An alternative way to send and receive money in remittance companies of somali
Get PDFElectronic money transfer is a regulated payment service performed from an electronic device, which enables users, have access to their money anywhere and at any time without need for a bank account. Real money is converted into electronic money (e-money) and put into electronic devices so that financial transactions such as the transfer of funds from one subscriber to another can be carried-out through an electronic device. The concept of mobile money was established to ensure financial services are made available to the unbanked population. By enabling digital payments, electronic money transfer reduces dependency on cash whilst providing a platform for customers to access a much broader range of financial services. In Somalia most of remittance companies are nearing to collapse because of monopolization of telecommunication companies those made E-money services such as EVC-PLUS of HORMUD Company and E-DAHAB of SOMTEL Companies; the two companies are eliminating the remittance companies those don’t have telecommunications; For this reason, the study is about to discover an alternative way to transfer money in order to survive the existence of small remittance companies. In order to success for this study, the researcher has done to an experiment by combining different technologies such as PHP, MySQL and android app; and the experiment gained to send and receive money without need telecommunication service since it full filed Electronic money transfer
Stereo Vision-Based Road Obstacles Detection and Tracking
Get PDFThis paper presents a fast road obstacle detection system based on stereo vision. The algorithm contains three main components: road detection, obstacle detection and vehicle tracking. The road detection is achieved by using a small rectangular shape at bottom center of disparity image to extract the disparities of the road. The roadsides are located by using morphological processing and Hough transform. In the obstacle detection process, the objects can be easily located by the segmentation process. The vehicle tracking is achieved by the discrete Kalman filter. The proposed approach has been tested on different images. The provided results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method
A Survey on Obstacles Avoidance Mobile Robot in Static Unknown Environment
Get PDFAutonomous mobile robots have in recent times gained interest from many researchers. This is due to wide range of mobile robot application. Numerous robots especially in navigation, obstacle avoidance and path following are currently under development. A reliable collision avoidance methodology is needed for effective navigation. Normally robots are fitted with transducers such as ultrasonic sensors, infrared and cameras for detecting environment. Various methods have been established in the past years to resolve navigational problems associated with mobile robots. They include fuzzy logic, potential fields, genetic algorithm, neural network and vision base approaches. Fuzzy logic demonstrates to be an appropriate tool for handling uncertainty that emerge from imprecise knowledge during route finding
To Improve the Probability of Detection in Spectrum Sensing by Using Equal Gain Combining Technique
Get PDFDevelopment of smart spectrum sensing techniques is the most important task in the design of a cognitive radio system, which uses the available spectrum efficiently. The Energy Detection (ED) and covariance absolute value (CAV) methods do not require any information about the signals, channel, and noise power. So these techniques are known as blind spectrum sensing techniques. This paper mainly focusing on equal gain combining technique. This technique was applied on both Energy Detection (ED) and covariance absolute value (CAV). By using this technique at low Signal to noise ratio (SNR) this system can improve the probability of detection
The Need for Marker-Less Computer Vision Techniques for Human Gait Analysis on Video Surveillance to Detect Concealed Firearms
Get PDFCrimes involving the use of firearms have been on the increase in the past few years. One of the measures adopted to prevent these crimes is the use of CCTV operators at video surveillance centers to detect persons carrying concealed firearms on their bodies by monitoring their behavior. This paper has found that this technique has challenges associated with human weaknesses and errors. A review of the current attempts to automate video surveillance for concealed firearm detection has found that they have the limitation that the techniques can only be employed on stationary and cooperative persons. This makes them inappropriate for real-life surveillance. This paper highlights the need for automated video surveillance solutions that can detect persons carrying concealed firearms when they are not stationary and aware of the scanning process. We further explore automated behavioral analysis and specifically gait analysis as a possible technique for concealed firearm detection on video surveillance. Lastly, the paper highlights the possibility and viability of human gait analysis using marker-less computer vision techniques for detecting persons carrying firearms on their waist line
A New Reversible Design of Adder & Subtractor Using Reversible Logic Gates
Get PDFModern VLSI design circuitry is used for low power consumption which is the requirements of ICs. Reversible logic has its tremendous applications and importance because it doesn’t lose any single bit of information of no information while performing computation bit loss during computation; it reflects the result in low power dissipation. However, we have to convert the reversible circuits into fault tolerant reversible circuits; it helps to detect the occurrence of errors and faults. Parity preserving property can be used for this. A new parity preserving reversible gate is proposed in this paper, named as P2RG. The most significant aspect of this work is that it can work as a full adder as well as full subtractor by using one P2RG and Fredkin gate only. This proposed design is very good in terms of gate count, garbage outputs, constant inputs and area than the existing similitude. The concept behind the reversible logic circuits is that the inputs and outputs are same