Organization - Journal of Management, Informatics and Human Resources / Organizacija - Revija za management, informatiko in kadre (University of Maribor)
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Pomen percepcije in zavesti za učenje, podprto z informacijsko tehnologijo
No full textThe article presents the results of a research on perception during the learning process of adults in a virtual environment. The aim of the research was to determine why the process of e-learning introduction in Slovenia has been slowed down. Perception and its effects upon learning are important on the conscious as well as on the unconscious level but they have not been given as much attention as in the classical learning environment. Disturbed perception which results from the lack of expertise in preparation of the e-environment is a serious obstacle for learning. The objective of the research was to find solutions for the actual teaching practice but at the same time the research emphasizes that conclusions cannot always be made on the basis of former facts about students. We have to bear in mind that the impact of technology changes the students as well. Lack of professional arguments and of good practice leads to pedagogical conservatism which can cause the school’s progress, also in the area of adult education, to be directed in the opposite direction from the one required by business processes in the organizations in which the adult students come from or in which the students are employed after they finish their education.V članku so predstavljeni rezultati raziskave o percepciji med učenjem odraslih v virtualnem okolju, ki je bila opravljena z namenom raziskati nekatere vzroke za upočasnitev napredka pri uvajanju e-učenja pri nas. Percepcija in njeni učinki na učenje so pomembni na zavedni in nezavedni ravni, vendar jim ne posvečamo toliko pozornosti kot v bolje raziskanem klasičnem učnem okolju. A motena percepcija, ki je posledica premalo strokovne priprave e-okolja, je pomembna ovira za učenje. Raziskava je bila namenjena odkrivanju nekaterih rešitev za učno prakso. Hkrati pa raziskava potrjuje tezo, da ne moremo vedno zaključevati na podlagi nekdanjih resnic o učencih, saj se tudi ti spreminjajo pod vplivom tehnologije. Pomanjkanje strokovnih argumentov in dobre prakse sproža pedagoški konzervativizem, ta pa lahko šolski napredek, tudi v izobraževanju odraslih, vodi v nasprotno smer, kot jo zahtevajo poslovni procesi v organizacijah, iz katerih prihajajo in v katere po šolanju odhajajo odrasli učenci
Medosebna vloga ravnatelja - managerja v procesu dela in funkciji humanistično-antropocentričnega managementa človeških virov
Get PDFThe paper represents principal's interacting role and definition of key factors in the process of work and function of humanistic – antrophocentrical management. The essence is humanization of management, where principal - manager assume more roles: cooperational, research and development, coordination – integrational, advisory, organizational and active strategic role. The model of principal's interacting in the process of work and function of humanistic – antrophocentrical management in education area is represented.Prispevek se osredotoča na medosebno vlogo ravnatelja in definiranje ključnih dejavnikov v procesu dela in funkciji humanistično – antropocentričnega managementa. Pri tem je ključnega pomena humanizacija managementa, kjer ravnatelj – manager prevzema več vlog: sodelovalna, razvojno – raziskovalna, koordinacijska – povezovalna, svetovalna, organizacijska ter vloga aktivnega stratega. Predstavljen je model medsebojne vloge ravnatelja v funkciji humanistično-antropocentričnega managementa človeških virov na področju vzgoje in izobraževanja
Dejavniki, ki vplivajo na meritve hitrosti branja barvnih spletnih strani
No full textMost of web-based systems use a fashion-driven graphical user interface design which does not necessarily provide the readers with high reading performance of colour variations of text and background. Many studies addressed this problem but none of them succeeded in offering complete and conclusive results in form of reading performance table which could be used in practice. The aim of this paper is to find reasons for these incomplete results. In our research, we firstly analyzed different experiment designs described in the literature and proposals for further research. Consequently, we tried to find an improved design and carried out an experiment involving 270 students who tested 30 web-safe colour combinations. However, our experiment also did not reveal statistically significant differences in reading speed. Therefore the multidimensional scaling (MDS) method was performed to show that the speed of reading cannot be described as a one-dimensional problem.Veliko spletnih sistemov uporablja uporabniški vmesnik, ki je oblikovan na osnovi modnih smernic, ki pa ne upoštevajo vedno tudi berljivost besedila, ki je odvisna od barve le-tega in barve podlage. S tem problemom se je ukvarjalo veliko študij, ki pa niso uspele ponuditi končnih rezultatov v obliki tabele berljivosti, ki bi bila uporabna v praksi. Namen tega članka je najti vzroke za to. Najprej smo analizirali različne oblike preskusov, ki so opisane v literaturi in tudi smernice nadaljnjega raziskovanja. Na osnovi analize smo oblikovali izboljšan preskus in ga izvedli z 270 študenti. Testirali so 30 spletno varnih barvnih kombinacij. Vendar tudi naš preskus ni pripeljal do tabele berljivosti s statistično značilnimi razlikami med barvnimi kombinacijami. Zato smo s statistično metodo MDS analizirali vzroke za to. Ugotovili smo, da tabele berljivosti zaradi praktičnih omejitev pri izvedbi preskusa ni možno določiti oziroma, da berljivosti ni možno obravnavati kot enodimenzionalni problem
Vpliv konteksta organizacije na razlikovalne delovne kompetence
Get PDFThe subject of this paper is based on the definition of competence as the individual’s ability to activate, utilize and merge the knowledge acquired when faced with complex, diverse and unpredictable situations. The first part of this paper presents an outline of the fundamental hypotheses dealing with the subject of interpretative typology of competences, which does not regard the worker and the job as two separate identities, but rather as one single identity that is formed through the work experience. The goal of this research is to find an answer to the question, whether the differentiating competences that are necessary for a job in marketing depend on the work context of the specific organization within which they are put into practice. The subjects of our research were the employees of three medium-sized Slovenian enterprises, who function in three different work contexts, according to our findings. The results of the research show that the differentiating competences that separate superior job performance worker from an average one, who holds the same position as marketer, depend on the nature of the work context within which the employees perform their jobs.Prispevek izhaja iz definicije kompetence kot možnosti posameznika, da aktivira, uporabi in poveže pridobljeno znanje v kompleksnih, raznovrstnih in nepredvidljivih situacijah. Predstavljene so temeljne hipoteze interpretativne tipologije kompetenc, ki delo in delavca ne vidi kot dve ločeni identiteti, temveč kot enotno identiteto skozi doživeto izkušnjo dela. Cilj raziskave je odgovoriti na vprašanje, ali so potrebne razlikovalne kompetence za specifično delovno mesto tržnika odvisne od delovnega konteksta organizacije, v katerem so te uporabljene. V raziskavo so bili vključeni tržniki treh srednje velikih slovenskih podjetij, za katere smo ugotovili, da delujejo v treh različnih delovnih kontekstih. Rezultati raziskave so pokazali, da so razlikovalne kompetence, ki ločujejo nadpovprečno delovno uspešnega sodelavca organizacije od povprečno uspešnega na specifičnem delovnem mestu tržnika, pogojene z delovnim kontekstom, v katerem ta deluje
Pregled modelov za oceno virtualnosti organizacij
No full textA virtual organization is a network of legally independent organizations and/or individuals that produce products and/or services based on a common business understanding. This new organization structure is posited as radical departure from the traditional, hierarchic, bureaucratic and co-located mode of organizing that dominated the twentieth century. In contrast, the characteristics of the new, virtual organization forms are seen to be dynamic, networked, distributed, digital, flexible, collaborative and innovative. The challenge, however, is to determine which organization as a subject employs virtual form and which not. The answer to this question is decidedly complex as most organizations have forms that are somewhere in between; therefore, it is usually only possible to determine how virtual one organization is on certain aspects. In the other words: what is the level of its virtuality? Several models for the assessment of organization virtuality have been developed by many different authors. The purpose of this paper is to investigate and present all the published models of virtual organization that are publicly available in the world literature. The strengths and weaknesses of all models found are presented, together with their mutual relations.Virtualna organizacija je mreža neodvisnih organizacij in / ali posameznikov, ki proizvajajo izdelke in / ali storitve in temeljijo na skupnem medsebojnem poslovnem razumevanju. Ta nova organizacijska struktura je postavljena kot popolno nasprotje tradicionalnemu, hierarhičnemu, birokratskemu in enolokacijskemu načinu organiziranja, ki je prevladoval v dvajsetem stoletju. Model virtualne organizacije ima tako naslednje karakteristike: dinamičnost, omreženost, geografsko razpršenost, digitaliziranost, prožnost, sodelovanje in inovativnost. To je razumljivo, toda izziv je ugotoviti, katera organizacija kot subjekt uporablja virtualni model in katera ne. Odgovor na to vprašanje je še bolj zapleten, saj ima večina organizacij nekašen vmesni model, zato je običajno možno le oceniti, koliko in po katerih kriterijih je določena organizacija virtualna. Z drugimi besedami, kakšna je njena stopnja virtualnosti. V literaturi obstaja več modelov za oceno virtualnosti organizacije, ki so jih razvili različni avtorji. Namen tega prispevka je, da razišče in predstavi vse objavljene modele za oceno virtualnosti organizacije, ki jih je moč najti v svetovni literaturi. Predstavljene so prednosti in slabosti posameznih modelov ter njihova medsebojna povezava
Model upravljanja življenjskega cikla poslovnega sistema
Get PDFThe model for the business system organization, which is based on ISO/IEC 15288 standard specifically defines the composition of coordinated processes. This model can be used in order to create connection between a business system and other organizations by choosing the main activity groups, which should be carried out by an individual organization. These activity groups create and control the programmes of the life cycle system, establish the life cycle system, support the life cycle system and remove or recycle the system. This model does not define the sequence according to which these activities should be implemented, however, it does present the starting points for the early (in the concept phase or latest in the development phase) classification of coordinated relations between the business system and other companies and scientific institutions when using the proposed organization model in practice. This early definition of the activity groups (processes) will contribute to the cost reduction during the life cycle and increase the system efficiency during the usage, whereas the business system shall be forced into international integration and grouping and shall lower the reliance of the company on domestic market.Model organiziranosti poslovnega sistema, ki temelji na standardu ISO/IEC 15288, nam natančno določa kompozicijo usklajenih procesov. Ta model je možno uporabiti za povezovanje med poslovnim sistemom in drugimi organizacijami tako, da izberemo glavne skupine dejavnosti, ki naj bi jih vsaka organizacija izvajala. Te skupine dejavnosti so ustanovitev in kontrola programov življenjskega cikla sistema (v nadaljevanju ŽC), vzpostavitev sistema ŽC, podpora uporabi sistema ŽC in odstranitev ali reciklaža sistema. Model ne definira zaporedja, po katerem naj bi se izvajale dejavnosti, vendar prikazuje izhodišča za zgodnje (v fazi koncepta ali najkasneje v fazi razvoja) definiranje usklajenih odnosov med poslovnim sistemom ter drugimi podjetji in znanstvenimi ustanovami pri praktični uporabi predlaganega modela organiziranosti. To zgodnje definiranje skupine dejavnosti (procesov) bo prispevalo k zmanjšanju stroškov v življenjskem ciklu in povečanje učinkovitosti sistema med uporabo, poslovni sistem pa prisililo v mednarodna povezovanja in združevanja ter zmanjšalo odvisnost podjetja od domačega trga
Struktura življenskih ciljev managerjev in podjetnikov v Srbiji
No full textThe purpose of the paper herein is to define the different life objective structures of managers and specialists in public enterprises. Owners of private enterprises - entrepreneurs were analyzed as control group. Considering the data obtained by using random sampling method, one may come to conclusions concerning the characteristics of the observed population. The research concerned will prove that successful private owners-entrepreneurs, being the capital holders, have different structure of life objectives comparing to both managers and specialists in public organizations. The basic idea is that the said process can be considered as inseparable part of economic growth in any organization which is also reflects on management as well. Since the entrepreneurs invested the private capital to realize their ideas, it is logical that they want their capital to be increased. From the other side, managers and specialists in public enterprises do not have such a great sense for capital increment. They rather share the capital preferring to be sociable (clubs sponsors, great humanitarians). The reason of such acting can be found in a fact that Serbia was influenced by socialism which further resulted in poor education of managers and specialists to change their way of thinking. Managers as well as specialists should become knowledge workers who shall exchange the knowledge.Namen tega članka je raziskati strukturo življenjskih ciljev managerjev in strokovnjakov v javnih podjetjih. V naši analizi smo lastnike privatnih podjetij – podjetnike – obravnavali kot kontrolno skupino. Ker smo zbirali podatke na naključnem vzorcu, lahko posplošimo naše zaključke na celotno obravnavano populacijo. Raziskava je pokazala, da imajo lastnik iuspešnih privatnih podjetij– torej podjetniki, ki so lastniki kapitala, drugačne strukture življenjskih ciljev kot tako managerji kot tudis trokovnjaki v javnih podjetjih. Avtorji menijo, daje to neizogibna posledica gospodarske rasti v vsaki organizaciji, ki se odraža tudi na managementu. Ker so podjetniki investirali privatni kapital, da bi uresničili svoje ideje, je logično pričakovati, da želijo povečati ta kapital. Po drugi strani pa managerji in strokovnjaki v javnih podjetjih nimajo te težnje po povečanju kapitala. Raje dajejo prednost druženju (podpirajo različne klube in društva, humanitarne dejavnosti, …). Razlog je lahko v tem, daje bila Srbija dolgo časa pod vplivom socializma. Posledica tega pa je tudi pomanjkljiva izobrazba managerjev in strokovnjakov in nezmožnost, da bi spremenili način mišljenja. Avtorji predlagajo, naj se managerji in strokovnjaki usmerijo svoj osebni razvoj v znanjske delavce, ki izmenjujejo znanje
Svetovalne storitve in uspešnost poslovanja slovenskih družinskih podjetij
Get PDFWe have empirically analysed connection between the use of business advising services and the efficiency in business performances of the Slovenian small- and medium-sized firms. The empirical evidence is gathered with surveys using the written questionnaire. The obtained dataset is used in the quantitative empirical analysis. With the statistical methods, correlation and multivariate factor analysis we have shown a strong positive influence of business advising services on business efficiency in the sample of the Slovenian small and medium-sized family firms. The economic efficiency of the analyzed family firms is determined strongly by entrepreneur’s satisfaction considering consultant’s work, quality of gained advisory solutions, consideration and implementation of gained advices into professional family run businesses. The obtained results of the quantity analyses show opportunities for the greater impact of the business advising services assisting small and medium-sized family business to improve economic efficiency.Z empirično analizo smo ugotavljali povezanost med uporabo storitev poslovnega svetovanja in uspešnostjo poslovanja slovenskih malih in srednje velikih družinskih podjetij. Anketni podatki na izbranem vzorcu družinskih podjetij so bili uporabljeni v kvantitativni raziskavi. S statističnimi metodami, korelacijsko in faktorsko analizo je raziskava pokazala, da ima uporaba storitev poslovnega svetovanja statistično značilen pozitiven vpliv na uspešnost poslovanja slovenskih družinskih malih in srednje velikih podjetij. Na uspešnost poslovanja vpliva predvsem z ugotovljenim zadovoljstvom podjetnikov s svetovalčevim delom, kakovostjo svetovalčevega dela in z upoštevanjem prejetih nasvetov in njihovo implementacijo v praksi. Dobljeni rezultati analize kažejo možnosti izboljšanja vpliva poslovnega svetovanja na uspešnost poslovanja malih in srednje velikih družinskih podjetij
Obremenitev in motivacija študentov pri spletno podprtem izobraževanju
No full textThe article presents and questions the issue of student workload and learning motivation, especially in the context of recent so called Bologna curriculum renewals. Therein it focusses especially on the web-supported, i. e. blended form of learning. Through a comparison of three simultaneous blended deliveries of the course „Multimedia” at three different higher vocational schools in Slovenia, and with description of selected good-practice examples, recommendations are given for a future-oriented, active use of new ICT in education – from curriculum-development thorugh blended forms of assessment and quality assurance, to didactical methods, e. g. use of forums, wikis, online materials and resources (also multimedia), and other forms of e-learning. From the perspective of decreasing the workload for both teacher and student as well as simultaneously increasing the learning effectiveness and motivation, the article originally attempts at sketching an interactive model for decreasing workload through blended learning.Prispevek predstavlja in preizprašuje problematiko obremenitve študenta in znjo povezane učne motivacije, šeposebej v kontekstu najnovejših, t. i. Bolonjskih prenov študijskih programov. Pri tem se posebej osredotoča na spletno podprto, kombinirano izobraževanje. Skozi primerjavo treh istočasnih kombiniranih izvedb predmeta „ Multimediji” na treh različnih slovenskih višjih strokovnih šolah, ter opis izbranih dobrih praks, so podana priporočila za prihodnostno naravnano, aktivno rabo novih IKT v izobraževanju – od kurikularno-razvojnih vidikov, preko kombiniranih oblik procesov ocenjevanja in zagotavljanja kakovosti, do didaktičnih metod, npr. rabe forumov, wiki-jev, online gradiv in virov (tudi multimedijskih) ter drugih e-izobraževalnih oblik. Z vidika zmanjševanja obremenitve tako učitelja kot študentov ter hkratnega povečevanja učnega učinka oziroma zviševanja učne motivacije so tako podani prvi obrisi interaktivnega razbremenitvenega modela kombiniranega izobraževanja