Organization - Journal of Management, Informatics and Human Resources / Organizacija - Revija za management, informatiko in kadre (University of Maribor)
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Odprava znanjskih ozkih grl z uporabo mehke logike
No full textIn the formation of new processes, innovations generated by people possessing the right knowledge and talent play a crucial role. Our starting point was the fact that every new change in processes can alter the knowledge structure of a work position or work role. This means that a person can become a knowledge bottleneck in the process. If this person is found on a critical path, the process cannot produce the output in a desired form, extent or quality, unless the bottleneck is removed. For this reason, we developed a decision model founded on fuzzy logic. The result of the fuzzy model is knowledge estimation based on deviation between the required and actual knowledge. For faster decision making, we made a presentation of allocated people on desired roles using the heat map technique. Therefore, the employers make better decisions on actual knowledge allocation, acquiring missing knowledge, or defining knowledge required for the future, which makes them more competitive.Odločilen pomen pri oblikovanju novih procesov predstavljajo tudi inovacije, ki jih generirajo osebe s pravim znanjem in talentom. Izhajali smo iz dejstva, da vsaka nova sprememba v procesih lahko spremeni strukturo znanja določenega delovnega mesta ali delovne vloge. To pomeni, da oseba, ki zaseda vlogo, lahko postane t. i. znanjsko ozko grlo v procesu. Če se oseba nahaja na časovno kritični poti procesa, potem proces ne daje izhoda v želeni obliki, obsegu ali kvaliteti, kolikor bi ga lahko, če bi znanjska ozka grla razbremenili. V ta namen smo razvili odločitveni model, ki temelji na uporabi mehke logike. Rezultat modela je ocena znanja, ki temelji na odstopanjih med zahtevanim in dejanskim znanjem. Za hitrejše sprejemanje odločitev o razporejanju oseb na vloge glede na njihovo znanje smo uporabili tehniko toplotnega zemljevida. Na podlagi tega bi delodajalci sprejemali boljše odločitve o trenutni razporeditvi znanj, pridobivanju manjkajočega znanja oz. definiranju znanj v prihodnosti, kar jih bo naredilo bolj konkurenčne
Vpliv intelektualnega šarma zdravnikov na zdravstvene organizacije
No full textThe recession has greatly affected the business operations of every undertaking, including healthcare organizations. Change is required. This also concerns the relationship towards employees in terms of their influence on the successful business operations of an organization. Among employees, physicians possess a special, now already traditional status; therefore, their influence needs to be taken advantage of. In the empiric part of the study, we have identified twelve key physician competencies, based on the rankings of physicians, which, in their mind, influence successful business operations of their respective healthcare organizations during an economic recession. The comparison of the collected results to the findings on intellectual charm of managers has indicated that the collected key competencies, that are creativity, quality, education and personal development, attitude towards others, team work and cooperation, communication skills, problem management, business integrity, motivation and stimulation, multidisciplinary thinking, attitude towards culture and ethics, and acceptance of differences, form a whole which is named the intellectual charm of physicians.Recesija močno vpliva na poslovanje vseh organizacij, med njimi tudi zdravstvenih organizacij. Potrebne so spremembe in novi pogledi na zaposlene v teh organizacijah z vidika možnosti njihovega vplivanja na uspešnost poslovanja organizacije. Med zaposlenimi imajo zdravniki že tradicionalno poseben status, zato je potrebno izkoristiti njihov vpliv. V empiričnem delu smo na osnovi ocen zdravnikov izluščili 12 ključnih kompetenc zdravnika, ki po mnenju zdravnikov vplivajo na uspešnost poslovanja njegove zdravstvene organizacije v času recesije. Primerjava naših rezultatov z intelektualnim šarmom managerjev je pokazala, da dobljene ključne kompetence, ki so ustvarjalnost, kakovost, izobraževanje in osebni razvoj, odnos do drugih, timsko delo in sodelovanje, komunikacijske veščine, obvladovanje problemov, poslovna korektnost, motivacija in stimulacija, multidisciplinarnst v razmišljanju, odnos do kulture in etike ter sprejemanje drugačnosti, predstavljajo celoto imenovano intelektualni šarm zdravnika
Identifikacija gradnikov optimalnega organizacijskega modela izobraževanja za turizem v Sloveniji
No full textThe main aim of the research was to identify the elements and the development of a suitable model for tourism education. Our research was based on the need of inner circular reflexive performance of the individual in the tourism education model, institutionalised concept of education, which is viewed by outer reflexive model of tourism educational institutions performance and functional practical interaction of individuals and tourism institutions at the development of innovative potentials in the field of tourism. Tendencies to develop complex and qualitative services coming from permanent strengthening of innovative potential of tourism services are common in this field. It is necessary to develop a suitable model in the field of tourism education that places an individual in the educational process taking into account his/her conscious reflection, rational reflection and acquired motivation for solving complex projects in various levels of tourism. Suitable tourism education model, which is level-structured, is expanded in two ways. It includes the active role of an individual in rationalising practical knowledge and strengthening the innovative potential in developing his/her competences, and the role of tourism education institutions. The organisational cultural dimension can be observed as dual activity structure distinguishing between conscious reflection of the external environment on the level of educational institution and internal practical consciousness on the level of individual development of competences. Giddens structuration theory is used as a conceptual frame explaining the organisational-cultural dimensions of suitably structured educational model for tourism in Slovenia. The conclusion is based on the fact that an individual does not acknowledge the multilevel structure of study at higher education where there is an absence of conscious, practical and motivational reflection. Organisational cultural environment in the field of tourism education in Slovenia prefers practical and functional ways of acquiring competences on a higher and postgraduate (Master’s) level of study. Due to the structured changes implemented by the Bologna process, competences are not realised on the higher education level but on the postgraduate (Master’s) level, which demands a systematic review and a suitable education model change.Poglavitni cilj raziskave, ki jo predstavljamo, je bil identificiranje gradnikov in razvoj kompetentnega modela za izobraževanje na področju turizma. Izhajali smo iz potrebe po notranje krožno refleksivnem delovanju posameznika v izobraževalnem modelu za turizem, institucionalnem pojmovanju izobraževanja, ki se izraža v zunanjem refleksivnem modelu delovanja izobraževalnih institucij za turizem in v funkcionalno praktični interakciji posameznika in institucij turističnega gospodarstva pri razvoju inovativnih potencialov na področju turizma. Na tem področju so vse pogosteje prisotne težnje po razvoju kompleksnih in kakovostnih storitev, ki nastanejo zgolj ob nenehni krepitvi inovacijskega potenciala storitev za turizem. Na področju izobraževanja za turizem je nujno potrebno razviti kompetentni model, ki socialnega akterja aktivno vključuje v izobraževalni proces in pri tem upošteva njegovo zavestno refleksijo, racionalno refleksijo in ponotranjeno motivacijo za reševanje kompleksnih projektov na različnih ravneh turizma.Kompetentni model izobraževanja za turizem, ki je nivojsko strukturiran, je dvorazsežnosten. Vključuje aktivno vlogo socialnega akterja pri racionalizaciji praktičnega znanja in krepitvi inovacijskega potenciala pri razvoju lastnih kompetenc ter vlogo izobraževalnih institucij za turizem v tem procesu. Na organizacijsko kulturni razsežnosti zaznavamo dvojno strukturo delovanja, ki razlikuje med zavestno refleksijo zunanjega okolja na ravni izobraževalne institucije in zavestno refleksijo notranjega okolja na ravni razvitosti kompetenc socialnega akterja. Na osnovi Giddensove teorije strukturiranosti pojasnjujemo dimenzije organizacijsko kulturne razsežnosti kompetentnega modela izobraževanja za turizem na področju Slovenije. V sklepnem delu ugotavljamo, da socialni akter ne zaznava nivojske strukturiranosti študija na visokošolski ravni, za katero je značilna odsotnost zavestne, racionalne in motivacijske refleksije na tem nivoju izobraževanja. Organizacijsko kulturno okolje v Sloveniji na področju izobraževanja za turizem daje prednost praktičnim, funkcionalnim načinom pridobivanja kompetenc na višji in magistrski ravni študija. Zaradi nivojskih sprememb, ki jih v študij vnašajo bolonjska načela, se kompetence ne realizirajo na visokošolski ravni študija ampak na magistrski ravni, kar zahteva sistematičen pregled in spremembo kompetentnosti modela za izobraževanje
Razmerje med podjetniško radovednostjo in podjetniško samoučinkovitostjo: empirična preverba večih držav
No full textThe main purpose of this paper is to present empirical analysis of the relation between entrepreneurial curiosity and entrepreneurial self-efficacy. A detailed literature review in a broad field of entrepreneurship, narrow field of entrepreneurship psychology, and organizational sciences revealed, at one hand different connections between determinants influencing entrepreneurs, and latest scientific research trends on the other hand. Although the significance of curiosity in motivating and learning has received expressive scholarly support, like also entrepreneurial self-efficacy as one of the most studied personal attributes among entrepreneurs, no study to our knowledge existed in relation to entrepreneurial curiosity connected with entrepreneurial self-efficacy. An online multi-country survey was conducted in Slovenia and USA among entrepreneurs and results of structural equation modeling showed that entrepreneurial curiosity and entrepreneurial self-efficacy are related. Entrepreneurial curiosity has a positive impact on entrepreneurial self-efficacy of running entrepreneurial tasks. The findings of this research have both theoretical and practical implications.Poglavitni namen tega članka je predstaviti empirično analizo razmerja med podjtniško radovednostjo in podjetniško samoučinkovitostjo. Podroben pregled literature širokega področja podjetništva, ozkega področja podjetniške psihologije in organizacijskih ved razkriva po eni strani različne povezave med determinantami, ki vplivajo na podjetnike in po drugi strani najnovejše znanstveno-raziskovalne trende. Čeprav je pomen radovednosti v motiviranju in učenju dobil izjemno akademsko podporo, kakor tudi podjetniška samoučinkovitost kot eden izmed najbolj proučevanih osebnostnih atributov med podjetniki, pa vsaj po našem vedenju ne obstaja nobena študija, ki bi proučevala povezavo podjetniške radovednosti v odnosu na podjetniško samoučinkovitost. Spletna anketa večih držav je bila opravljena v Sloveniji in Združenih državah Amerike med podjetniki in rezultati modeliranja strukturnih enačb pokažejo, da sta podjetniška radovednost in podjetniška samoučinkovitost povezani. Podjetniška radovednost ima pozitiven vpliv na podjetniško samoučinkovitost pri izvajanju podjetniških nalog. Ugotovitve te raziskave imajo tako teoretične kot praktične implikacije
Analiza faktorjev povečanja zunanjega izvajanja informatike
No full textThe study explores the field of IT outsourcing. The narrow field of research is to build a model of IT outsourcing based on influential factors. The purpose of this research is to determine the influential factors on IT outsourcing expansion. A survey was conducted with 141 large-sized Slovenian companies. Data were statistically analyzed using binary logistic regression. The final model contains five factors: (1) management’s support; (2) knowledge on IT outsourcing; (3) improvement of efficiency and effectiveness; (4) quality improvement of IT services; and (5) innovation improvement of IT. Managers immediately can use the results of this research in their decision-making. Increased performance of each individual organization is to the benefit of the entire society. The examination of IT outsourcing with the methods used is the first such research in Slovenia.Študija raziskuje področje zunanjega izvajanja informatike. Kot ožje raziskovalno področje definiramo izgradnjo modela na osnovi vplivnih faktorjev. Namen raziskave je ugotoviti, kateri faktorji vplivajo na razmah zunanjega izvajanja informatike. Naredili smo anketo med 141 največjimi slovenskimi organizacijami. Podatke smo statistično obdelali z binarno logistično regresijo. Končni model vsebuje pet faktorjev: (1) podpora najvišjega managementa; (2) znanje o zunanjem izvajanju informatike; (3) povečanje uspešnosti in učinkovitosti; (4) povečanje kakovosti storitev informatike in (5) povečanje inovativnosti informatike. Izsledke raziskave bo menedžment v organizacijah lahko takoj uporabil pri svojih odločitvah. Večja uspešnost vsake posamezne organizacije pomeni pridobitev za celotno družbo. Ta raziskava zunanjega izvajanja informatike je z uporabljenimi metodami prva tovrstna študija v slovenskem prostoru
Kadrovski letni razgovori kot del avtentičnega vodenja
No full textIn the paper one of the techniques used in human resource management annual interview as an important part of authentic leadership is discussed. Authentic leadership is the most important matter at the present moment in leadership development and emphasizes the leader’s authenticity. For a leader to be authentic we believe he should have an in depth knowledge of people he is working with and that can be achieved through communication. One of the standardized forms of communication between a leader and his coworkers are annual interviews. In the research where 565 people participated we found out that annual interview is an important part of human resource management and is closely related to authentic leadership. The relation is especially relevant in the part of managing and collaborating with colleagues and subordinates.Povzetek - V prispevku so obravnavani letni razgovori, ki so ena izmed tehnik uporabljanih za upravljanje s človeškimi viri, kot pomemben dela avtentičnega vodenja. Avtentično vodenje je najbolj pomembna stvar v tem trenutku na področju razvoja voditeljstva in poudarja avtentičnost vodje. Da bi vodja bil avtentičen, verjamemo, da bi moral imeti poglobljeno poznavanje ljudi s katerimi dela, ter da je to mogoče doseči s komunikacijo. Ena izmed standardiziranih oblik komunikacije med vodjo in njegovimi sodelavci so letni razgovori. V raziskavi, v kateri je sodelovalo 565 ljudi smo ugotovili, da je letni razgovor pomemben del upravljanja s človeškimi viri in je tesno povezan z avtentičnim vodenjem. Povezanost je še posebej pomembna v okviru upravljanja in sodelovanja s sodelavci in podrejenimi
Management kompetenc v Srednji Evropi: Primerjava čeških, madžarskih in slovenskih potreb po kompetentnosti
No full textAfter a strong focus on transition processes in Central East European countries (CEE), this topic has been displaced by more dramatic merger and reorganization processes or the recent financial crisis. This obscures the fact that we know almost nothing about the management competencies in these countries, which is an important building or stumbling block for future development. Therefore, we will examine the individual competencies of almost 300 top and middle managers in the Czech Republic, Hungary and Slovenia, and we will compare the different sets of competencies and interpret them according to the given economic situation in these countries. Po prevladujoči osredotočenosti na tranzicijski proces v državah Srednje in Vzhodne Evrope je bila ta tema zapostavljena zaradi bolj dramatičnih procesov združevanja in reorganiziranja ter trenutne finančne krize. V senci je tako ostalo dejstvo, da ne vemo skoraj ničesar o managerskih kompetencah v teh državah, ki lahko pomembno prispevajo ali pa ovirajo prihodnji razvoj. Zato bomo analizirali individualne kompetence skoraj 300 višjih in srednjih manangerjev v Češki republiki, na Madžarskem in v Sloveniji, primerjali različne skupine kompetenc in jih interpretirali v skladu z danimi gospodarskimi razmerami v teh državah
Smučarski skoki - bitka talentov v učeči se organizaciji
No full textThe concepts of learning organization and organizational learning have made a significant contribution to the development of some major global companies such as Nokia, Oracle, Microsoft and others. This article explores whether the learning organization concept has proved successful in sports, specifically in ski jumping. The study was conducted among ski jumpers who compete in the World Cup. The questionnaire was distributed to 130 ski jumpers, and 54 correctly completed questionnaires were returned. The study has indicated that ski jumping is a sport of distinct individualists. Individual talent is an extremely important factor for success in this sport. We can say with absolute certainty that all surveyed ski jumpers are able to take 16th to 50th place in a World Cup race. The differences between competitors are very minor, even in the biggest races. Therefore, when it comes to success, every single detail matters. We have identified a weak correlation between the best sporting achievement and collaboration in the testing of new equipment. In the past, some of the best results were achieved on the basis of experimentation, but contemporary coaches do not dare to over-experiment with the technique. Too frequent progress measurements place a burden on competitors. There is a positive correlation between the frequency of individual analysis and the success of a competitor, while the best achievement and variables from “team work” group are negatively correlated. The relationships within a team are obviously very complex.Koncept učeče se organizacije in organizacijskega učenja so najpomembneje prispevali k razvoju nekaterih velikih svetovnih podjetij: Nokia, Oracle, Microsoft in mnogih drugih. Avtorji članka raziskujejo, ali se koncept učeče se organizacije izkaže za uspešnega tudi v športu, konkretno v smučarskih skokih. Opravljeno je bilo anketiranje med smučarskimi skakalci, ki nastopajo v svetovnem pokalu. Anketni vprašalnik je bil poslan 130 skakalcem, vrnjenih je bilo 54 pravilno rešenih vprašalnikov. Raziskava je pokazala, da so smučarski skoki šport izrazitih individualistov. Za uspeh je izjemno pomemben talent posameznika v tem športu. Z veliko gotovostjo lahko trdimo, da so vsi anketirani skakalci sposobni uvrstitve na mesta med 16 do 50 na tekmi svetovnega pokala. Razlike med tekmovalci, tudi na največjih tekmah, so zelo majhne. Zato je za uspeh pomembnaprav vsaka malenkost. Prepoznali smo šibko korelacijo med najboljšim tekmovalnim dosežkom in sodelovanjem pri testiranju nove opreme. Nekateri najboljši rezultati so bili v preteklosti doseženi na podlagi eksperimentiranja, sodobni trenerji pa ne upajo preveč eksperimentirati s tehniko. Prepogosta merjenja napredka tekmovalce obremenjujejo. V raziskavi se je zelo pokazal pomen individualnosti posameznika. Med pogostostjo individualne analize in tekmovalnim uspehom obstaja tekmovalca korelacija (r=0,256, p=0,05). Ugotovljena je bila negativna korelacija med spremenljivko »najboljši tekmovalni dosežek« in spremenljivkami iz skupine »teamsko delo«. Odnosi v ekipah so očitno zelo zapleteni
Občutljivost pretoka investicijskega kapitala: študija iranskih korporacij, ki so uvrščena na borzo
No full textThe main objective of the current study is to examine the effect of audit report on cash-flow investment sensitivity of 123 listed companies in Tehran Stock Exchange (TSE) during 2006-2010. Regression analysis and synthetic data were used for data analysis. The results showed that receiving modified report has a significant negative effect on cash flow-investment sensitivity. The findings also suggest the significant effect of receiving qualified report and unqualified report with explanatory paragraphs on cash flow-investment sensitivity.Poglavitni cilj članka je proučiti učinek revizijskega poročila na občutljivost pretoka investicijskega kapitala na vzorcu 123 družb, ko so bile v obdobju 2006-2010 uvrščene na teheransko borzo. Pri obdelavi podatkov smo uporabili regresijsko analizo in sintetične podatke. Raziskava je pokazala, da ima spremenjeno revizijsko poročilo statistično pomemben negativen učinek na občutljivost pretoka investicijskega kapitala. Ugotovitve kažejo tudi na pomemben učinek kvalificiranega poročila in nekvalificiranega z dodano razlago na občutljivost pretoka investicijskega kapitala
Ocenjevanje potreb po usposabljanju na osnovi kompetenc – pristop v indijskih podjetjih
No full textTraining is a usual formula for organisations through which employees are introduced to learning, but the challenge lies in identifying the appropriate training needs of employees. The success of a training program depends primarily on the need assessment. The paper discusses the process of competency mapping and focuses on how competency mapping can be used for conducting training need assessment. The paper is an empirical research based on both public and private manufacturing units in India. Primary and secondary data was collected using number of techniques. Gap analysis has been performed for employees and it has also been aimed to verify the changes in competency gaps on applying need based training. On providing need based training, significant difference was measured in the level of competencies of employees. The paper shares a practical insight on the implementation of competency mapping for training need analysis. The research is focused on manufacturing units only, whereas there is a huge scope for it to be implemented in service industries also. The paper is an original piece of research where a model has been designed to resolve training issues of manufacturing industries.Usposabljanje je običajni način kako organizacije uvedejo svoje zaposlene v učenje, izziv pa je ugotoviti ustrezne potrebe po usposabljanju. Uspeh programa usposabljanja temelji v prvi vrsti na oceni potreb za usposabljanjem. V članku je prikazan postopek preslikavanja kompetenc, predvsem kako preslikavanje kompetenc lahko uporabimo pri oceni potreb po usposabljanju. Članek predstavi empirično raziskavo v proizvodnih organizacijah v privatni in javni lasti v Indiji. Uporabljena je bila vrsta tehnik za zbiranje primarnih in sekundarnih podatkov. Izvedena je bila analiza razlik pri zaposlenih z namenom ugotoviti spremembe po usposabljanju in identificirati razlike v kompetentnosti pred usposabljanjem in po njem. Po usposabljanju na osnovi ugotovljenih potreb se je pokazala signifikantna razlika v nivoju kompetenc zaposlenih. Članek poda praktičen vpogled v izvedbo preslikavanja potreb za namen analize usposabljanja. Raziskava se omejuje le na proizvodne firme, čeprav bi se pristop v malo prilagojeni obliki lahko uporabil tudi pri storitvenih organizacijah. Originalni prispevek članka je predlagani model za razreševanje zadev v zvezi z usposabljanjem v proizvodnih organizacijah