Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA (Science Education Graduate Program University of Mataram)
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Simulasi Komputasional untuk Meningkatkan Efisiensi DSSC Berbasis TiO₂/Cu: Studi Ketebalan dan Suhu Fotoanoda
No full textIn order to address the growing energy demands in Indonesia, this study investigates the enhancement of TiO₂/Cu-based Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells (DSSCs) efficiency through computational simulation. The research focuses on the influence of photoanode thickness and operational temperature on the device’s performance. The simulation results revealed that an optimal photoanode thickness of 2.60 μm achieved the highest efficiency of 8.493%, balancing light absorption and electron transport. Additionally, an operational temperature of 350 K was found to yield the maximum efficiency of 9.376%, as higher temperatures reduce electrolyte viscosity, improve ion mobility, and minimize charge recombination. Validation of the simulation model was conducted by comparing it with experimental data from prior studies, ensuring its reliability in representing charge transport phenomena in DSSCs. These findings offer crucial insights for designing cost-effective, efficient, and sustainable DSSCs suitable for Indonesia’s abundant solar energy resources. Further research is recommended to explore the interaction of additional components and external factors to enable commercial scalability of this technology.Untuk mengatasi permintaan energi yang terus meningkat di Indonesia, penelitian ini menyelidiki peningkatan efisiensi Sel Surya Tersensitisasi Pewarna (DSSC) berbasis TiO₂/Cu melalui simulasi komputasional. Penelitian ini berfokus pada pengaruh ketebalan fotoanoda dan suhu operasional terhadap kinerja perangkat. Hasil simulasi mengungkapkan bahwa ketebalan fotoanoda optimal 2,60 μm mencapai efisiensi tertinggi sebesar 8,493%, yang menyeimbangkan penyerapan cahaya dan transpor elektron. Selain itu, suhu operasional 350 K ditemukan menghasilkan efisiensi maksimum sebesar 9,376%, karena suhu yang lebih tinggi mengurangi viskositas elektrolit, meningkatkan mobilitas ion, dan meminimalkan rekombinasi muatan. Validasi model simulasi dilakukan dengan membandingkannya dengan data eksperimen dari penelitian sebelumnya, untuk memastikan keandalannya dalam merepresentasikan fenomena transpor muatan dalam DSSC. Temuan ini menawarkan wawasan penting untuk merancang DSSC yang hemat biaya, efisien, dan berkelanjutan yang sesuai untuk sumber daya energi surya Indonesia yang melimpah. Penelitian lebih lanjut disarankan untuk mengeksplorasi interaksi komponen tambahan dan faktor eksternal guna memungkinkan skalabilitas komersial teknologi ini.
Kata kunci: DSSC, TiO₂/Cu, ketebalan fotoanoda, suhu operasional, energi terbarukan, simulasi komputasional
Jigsaw Type Cooperative Learning Assisted by Genially Media to Improve the Students Activity and Learning Outcomes of IPAS
No full textThis study aims to analyze the effectiveness of the implementation of the Jigsaw type cooperative learning model assisted by Genially media in improving the activity and learning outcomes of fifth grade students of Triharjo Elementary School in the subject of science. This study uses the Classroom Action Research (CAR) method with the Kemmis and McTaggart model which is carried out in two cycles at Triharjo Elementary School, Sleman, to improve the activity and learning outcomes of fifth grade students in the subject of science. Data were collected through observations of student learning activities using observation sheets and multiple-choice tests of 20 questions that have been validated by material experts. The success of this study was determined based on an increase in student activity that reached a minimum of 75% and student learning outcomes that met the achievement criteria of 80% with a minimum score of 75. This study shows that the implementation of the Jigsaw type cooperative learning model assisted by Genially media is effective in improving the activity and learning outcomes of fifth grade students of Triharjo Elementary School in the subject of science. Before the action, student participation and learning outcomes were still low, but after the implementation of this model, there was a significant increase, especially in Cycle II with an average learning outcome reaching 77.71%. This learning model has been proven to increase student motivation, engagement, and understanding, making it a more effective alternative learning method
Systematic Literature Review: Analysis of Students' Reasoning Ability and Difficulties in Newton's Law Material
No full textThis study aims to identify students' reasoning abilities and learning difficulties related to Newton's Laws through a systematic literature review using the PRISMA method. The review analyzes seven scientific articles published between 2020 and 2024 in SINTA-accredited journals, international conference proceedings, and Scopus-indexed sources. The findings indicate that students’ reasoning abilities regarding Newton's Law are still low, with an average conceptual understanding of only 33.3%. Common difficulties faced by students include interpreting Newton's First Law (inertia and constant velocity), understanding the relationship between force, mass, and acceleration in the Second Law, and the action-reaction principle in the Third Law. These difficulties are generally caused by the abstract nature of the concepts and students’ weak logical reasoning skills. The review also highlights the need for effective instructional strategies. Contextual teaching, problem-solving-based learning models, and metaphorical thinking approaches are proposed as potential solutions. These strategies are considered effective in enhancing students’ conceptual understanding and scientific reasoning abilities when implemented appropriately. The findings provide valuable insights for educators to design more targeted instructional interventions and contribute to improving learning outcomes in physics education, particularly in Newtonian mechanics
Development of Edpuzzle-Based Interactive Learning Media on Classification of Living Things Class VII
No full textLearning media used in SMP Negeri 3 Sungai Kakap in science lessons the use of learning media is still limited, the media used are whiteboards, textbooks, and the surrounding environment. This study aims to develop interactive learning media based on Edpuzzle for the classification of living things that is suitable for use, to determine students' responses to the media, and to analyse whether the media is effective in improving learning outcomes or student motivation. This research is a Research and Development (R&D) study using the ADDIE development model which consists of 5 stages, namely: Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation. Data collection techniques using observation, interviews, questionnaires. Data analysis in this study used a Likert scale. Testing the validity of learning media includes material experts, media experts, and linguists. The research subjects consisted of 35 seventh-grade students from SMP Negeri 3 Sungai Kakap, divided into two groups: 10 students for the small-scale trial and 25 students for the large-scale trial. The grouping was done randomly while considering the students' academic abilities to ensure more representative research results. The results showed the acquisition of material expert validation of 88.63% (very valid), the results of media expert validation of 98.21% (very valid), the results of linguist validation of 93.33% (very valid), on a small-scale trial 10 students gave a response of 99.37% (very strong) and on a large-scale test 25 students gave a response of 96.56% (very strong). Based on these findings, it can be concluded that Edpuzzle-based learning media is declared valid, feasible for use, and effective in improving students' learning outcomes on the classification of living things material at SMP Negeri 3 Sungai Kakap.Media pembelajaran yang digunakan di SMP Negeri 3 Sungai Kakap pada pelajaran IPA penggunaan media pembelajaran masih terbatas, media yang digunakan adalah papan tulis, buku pelajaran, dan lingkungan sekitar. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan media pembelajaran interaktif berbasis edpuzzle pada materi klasifikasi makhluk hidup yang layak digunakan dan respon siswa terhadap media tersebut. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian Research and Development (R&D) dengan menggunakan model pengembangan ADDIE yang terdiri dari 5 tahap yaitu: Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, dan Evaluation. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan observasi, wawancara, kuesioner. Analisis data pada penelitian ini menggunakan skala Likert. Pengujian validitas media pembelajaran meliputi ahli materi, ahli media, dan ahli bahasa. Uji respon siswa terhadap media pembelajaran sebanyak 35 siswa SMP Negeri 3 Sungai Kakap. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan perolehan validasi ahli materi sebesar 88,63% (sangat valid), hasil validasi ahli media sebesar 98,21% (sangat valid), hasil validasi ahli bahasa sebesar 93,33% (sangat valid), pada uji coba skala kecil 10 orang siswa memberikan respon sebesar 99,37% (sangat kuat) dan pada uji coba skala besar 25 orang siswa memberikan respon sebesar 96,56% (sangat kuat). Disimpulkan bahwa media pembelajaran berbasis Edpuzzle dinyatakan valid untuk digunakan pada materi klasifikasi makhluk hidup
Development of Metacognition-Based LKPD to Improve Conceptual Understanding in Reaction Rate Material
No full textThe importance of constructivism-based chemistry learning is to develop students' conceptual understanding and metacognitive skills through active engagement, with the teacher as a facilitator, to create critical, independent, and globally competitive graduates. This study aims to develop Student Worksheets (LKPD) focused on metacognitive skills in learning reaction rate material, with the expectation of improving students' conceptual understanding and learning outcomes. Based on validation results, the LKPD has proven to be feasible for use, particularly in terms of language and metacognitive skills. In the first validation stage, the LKPD achieved an average percentage of 54.35%, which falls into the "feasible" category, while in the second stage, there was a significant improvement with an average percentage of 73.05%. Practicality assessments from teachers and students showed very good results, with teacher and student questionnaire scores ranging from 3.76 to 3.82 and 76.53% to 77.63%, respectively. Effectiveness evaluation through limited and wide trials indicated a significant improvement in conceptual understanding, with average posttest scores reaching the mastery category after using the metacognition-based LKPD. The improvement in conceptual understanding, calculated using the n-gain, showed a "moderate" category, with an average n-gain value of 0.60 for the limited trial and 0.63 for the wide trial. These results prove that the metacognition-based LKPD is effective in improving students' understanding and learning achievements in reaction rate material and can be used as an alternative in chemistry learning to develop students' higher-order thinking skills.Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan Lembar Kerja Peserta Didik (LKPD) yang berfokus pada keterampilan metakognisi dalam pembelajaran materi laju reaksi, dengan harapan dapat meningkatkan pemahaman konsep dan hasil belajar siswa. Berdasarkan hasil validasi, LKPD ini terbukti layak digunakan, terutama dalam aspek bahasa dan keterampilan metakognisi. Pada tahap pertama validasi, LKPD memperoleh persentase rata-rata 54,35%, yang masuk dalam kategori "layak", sementara pada tahap kedua, terjadi peningkatan signifikan dengan persentase rata-rata 73,05%. Penilaian kepraktisan dari guru dan siswa menunjukkan hasil yang sangat baik, dengan skor angket guru dan siswa masing-masing berkisar antara 3,76 hingga 3,82 dan 76,53% hingga 77,63%. Evaluasi efektivitas melalui uji coba terbatas dan luas menunjukkan adanya peningkatan signifikan dalam pemahaman konsep, dengan nilai posttest rata-rata mencapai kategori tuntas setelah penggunaan LKPD berbasis metakognisi. Peningkatan pemahaman konsep, yang dihitung menggunakan n-gain, menunjukkan kategori "sedang", dengan nilai rata-rata n-gain sebesar 0,60 untuk uji coba terbatas dan 0,63 untuk uji coba luas. Hasil ini membuktikan bahwa LKPD berbasis metakognisi efektif untuk meningkatkan pemahaman dan prestasi belajar siswa dalam materi laju reaksi serta dapat digunakan sebagai alternatif dalam pembelajaran kimia untuk mengembangkan keterampilan berpikir tingkat tinggi siswa.
Kata Kunci: LKPD, metakognisi, laju reaksi, pembelajaran kimi
Development of Eco-Friendly Big Book Media to Increase Interest and Science Literacy of 1st Grade Students
No full textInterest in learning and science literacy needs to be developed early on through learning media that is interesting, interactive, contextual, and environmentally friendly to form student awareness in protecting the environment. This study is a research and development (R&D) of Eco-Friendly Big Book Media for grade 1 elementary school students, which aims to increase students' interest and science literacy. This media is prepared with an interactive and varied approach, in order to increase the involvement of students in the learning process. This research uses the ADDIE development model, which includes the stages of analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. However, this research was only carried out up to the validation stage for product feasibility testing, which involved qualitative and quantitative data analysis, focusing on validation by material experts and media experts as an evaluation step. The validation results show that the Eco-Friendly Big Book Media is very feasible to use, with a feasibility score of 96% from material experts and 95% from media experts. This media is expected to be an effective solution in supporting teachers to increase students' interest and science literacy, especially in grade 1 elementary school
Influence of Experimental Learning Models on Cognitive Learning Outcomes in Energy Transformation Material in the Independent Curriculum
No full textThis study aims to test the effect of experimental learning models on the cognitive learning outcomes of 4th grade elementary school students on the material of energy transformation in the Independent Curriculum. Quantitative methods with quasi-experimental designs were used, involving all 4th grade elementary school students in Tugu District, Semarang City, divided into experimental and control classes. The experimental class was taught using an experimental learning model, while the control class used the lecture method. Cognitive learning outcomes were measured using tests that included indicators of essential competency achievement in the material of energy transformation. Data were analyzed using normality tests, homogeneity tests, t tests, N-Gain tests, and hypothesis tests to compare the average post-test scores between the two groups. The results showed a significant difference between students' cognitive learning outcomes in the two groups. The data obtained in the t stat column or tcount was 4.005, and the Critical two-tail or ttable was 1.972. The tcount > ttable = 4.005 > 1.972 was obtained based on this. So, it can be concluded that, with a significance level of 5%, Ha is accepted and H0 is rejected. This study concludes that the experimental learning model positively affects students' cognitive learning outcomes on energy transformation material in the Independent Curriculum and can be an effective alternative to improve cognitive learning outcomesThis study aims to test the effect of experimental learning models on the cognitive learning outcomes of 4th grade elementary school students on the material of energy transformation in the Independent Curriculum. Quantitative methods with quasi-experimental designs were used, involving all 4th grade elementary school students in Tugu District, Semarang City, divided into experimental and control classes. The experimental class was taught using an experimental learning model, while the control class used the lecture method. Cognitive learning outcomes were measured using tests that included indicators of essential competency achievement in the material of energy transformation. Data were analyzed using normality tests, homogeneity tests, t tests, N-Gain tests, and hypothesis tests to compare the average post-test scores between the two groups. The results showed a significant difference between students' cognitive learning outcomes in the two groups. The data obtained in the t stat column or tcount was 4.005, and the Critical two-tail or ttable was 1.972. The tcount > ttable = 4.005 > 1.972 was obtained based on this. So, it can be concluded that, with a significance level of 5%, Ha is accepted and H0 is rejected. This study concludes that the experimental learning model positively affects students' cognitive learning outcomes on energy transformation material in the Independent Curriculum and can be an effective alternative to improve cognitive learning outcome
Analysis of Customer Loyalty and Satisfaction Using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) Approach
No full textThis study aims to analyze the factors influencing customer satisfaction and loyalty at PT. PLN (Persero) ULP Tanjung Morawa using the Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) approach. A quantitative method was applied by distributing structured questionnaires to 150 customers selected through purposive sampling. The analysis was conducted using SmartPLS version 3.0. The results indicate that customer satisfaction has a significant positive effect on customer loyalty. Furthermore, perceived service quality and perceived value significantly influence customer satisfaction, while trust has a strong and significant effect on customer commitment. However, trust does not directly affect customer loyalty. These findings suggest that improving service quality and building trust are essential strategies to enhance customer satisfaction and commitment, which in turn foster customer loyalty. The study provides practical insights for PT. PLN to refine its customer relationship strategies in response to competitive service demands
Optimasi Sistem MagnetoHydrodynamics (MHD) Sederhana untuk Aplikasi Aliran Fluida
No full textMagnetohydrodynamics (MHD) studies the relationship between electromagnetism and fluid mechanics, a concept with various practical applications, including marine propulsion systems and electromagnetic pumps. This study aims to optimize a simple MHD system to improve the performance of fluid rate measurement based on electromagnetic principles. Optimization is carried out through the analysis of the influence of variations in several system characteristics, namely the given electrical voltage, the distance between electrodes, the length of the electrode, and the salinity of the saltwater. The method employed is experimental, utilizing a simple MHD system design that enables the quantitative observation of changes in the speed of saltwater resulting from the interaction between magnetic and electric fields. The speed of saltwater is measured using a visual approach with the Tracker analysis application. The results showed that increasing the voltage and salinity of the saltwater, as well as decreasing the electrode length or the distance between electrodes, all contribute to increasing the speed of saltwater flow. In other words, each parameter makes a significant contribution to fluid dynamics, thereby allowing for the optimal configuration of the MHD system. The findings in this study are expected to serve as the basis for the development of simple MHD-based fluid rate measurement instruments that are efficient and applicable, enabling a concrete illustration of electromagnetic theory and fluid dynamics.Istilah Magnetohydrodinamic (MHD) mempelajari keterkaitan electromagnetism dengan mekanika fluida yang merupakan konsep pada berbagai aplikasi praktis seperti system propulsi laut, pompa elektromagnetik. Telah dilakukan penelitian melalui rangkaian MHD sederhana untuk mengilustrasikan teori elektromagnetik dan dinamika fluida secara konkrit sebagai pengembangan media pembelajaran. Penelitian ini berfokus pada pengaturan variabel seperti beda potensial, jarak antar elektroda, panjang elektroda, dan salinitas air garam yang menjadi indikator terbentuknya medan listrik dan hubungannya dengan laju aliran air garam. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan beda potensial, panjang elektroda, dan salinitas air garam serta penurunan jarak antar elektroda akan meningkatkan laju aliran air garam. Optimasi sistem MHD memerlukan keseimbangan antar variabel yang terlibat agar dapat mencapai efisiensi maksimal dalam menghasilkan aliran fluida
Analysis of Wastewater Treatment Performance in Animal Slaughtering Industry: Evaluation of Efficiency and Wastewater Quality
No full textThe slaughterhouse industry generates liquid waste with high organic loads and complex composition, which can pose environmental and public health risks. This study aims to evaluate the performance of a liquid waste treatment plant in a slaughterhouse. Quantitative methods were used for objective measurements, with sampling conducted at five key points in the wastewater treatment system. Parameters analyzed included pH, DO, COD, TSS, NH3, and fat, oil, and grease. The results showed that The Collecting Tank exhibited high COD reduction efficiencies between 87.52% and 93.89%, alongside TSS reductions ranging from 83.15% to 92.95%. Conversely, the Sequencing Batch Reactor demonstrated inefficiency in COD reduction, with outlet measurements exceeding inlet values; however, it achieved a 50.44% reduction in NH3 in one instance. The Anaerobic Tank showed significant COD reduction efficiencies from 72.66% to 98.27%, but NH3 reduction was negligible. Lastly, the Secondary Clarifier was inefficient in COD performance, with all tests indicating higher outlet results, while TSS efficiency was noted in only one test at 71.96%. The conclusion was although the Collecting Tank and Anaerobic Tank showed high efficiency in COD reduction, the Sequencing Batch Reactor and Secondary Clarifier units showed the NH3 reduction efficiency varied among the units tested.Abstract: The slaughterhouse industry produces liquid waste containing high organic loads and complex composition, which can pose environmental and public health challenges. This study aims to evaluate the performance of a liquid waste treatment plant in a slaughterhouse. Quantitative methods were used for objective measurements, with sampling conducted at five key points in the wastewater treatment system. Parameters analyzed included pH, dissolved oxygen (DO), COD, TSS, ammonia (NH3), and fat, oil, and grease (FOG). The results showed that the collection tank and anaerobic tank had high COD reduction efficiencies, reaching 93.89% and 98.27%, respectively. However, the Sequencing Batch Reactor (SBR) stage showed inability to reduce COD, while NH3 reduction was also unsuccessful in the anaerobic stage. In addition, the performance of the secondary clarifier was inconsistent, with most tests showing low efficiency. The conclusion of this study highlights the need for improvements in the treatment process, including the implementation of pretreatment techniques such as initial sedimentation and blower maintenance to increase oxygen supply. Recommendations also include adjustments to the scheme in the SBR system and reuse of wastewater for industrial activities, to ensure compliance with the quality standards set by the East Java Governor Regulation Number 72 of 2013