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Globalization Initiatives and Arab Penal Codes
This paper argues that most of the Arab Countries penal codes started to be globalized at the establishment stages of the globalization.Hence, this paper explains the multidimensional factors and aspects of the formation of the penal codes in Arab countries outlining those aspects and changes in the Arab Penal Codes
The Tourism-Environment Nexus; Challenges and Opportunities
Tourism industry is heavily dependent on environment. Moreover the vitality of sustainable tourism development in an environmentally friendly manner along with avoidance of ecological damages has been highly emphasized by environmentalists, which indicate the significance of this phenomenon and its vulnerability as well. This study by means of descriptive qualitative approach employs content analysis as its method and sets ecological modernization theory as well as sustainability as its theoretical framework and reviews tourism literature and highlights bilateral impacts of the tourism and the environment on each other. The realization of these themes not only beckons the tourism stakeholders to be more cautious about the upcoming effects of their activities, but also increases social awareness about these impacts along with the importance of the environment
tatistical Analysis of Electrical Fire Outbreaks in Buildings: Case Study of Lagos State, Nigeria
Electrical fires are not always noted despite their prevalence. When fire is severe, it can be difficult to discern whether an electrical appliance started the fire or if a poorly wired plug was the case. Electrical fires are pervasive throughout Lagos state, causing injury, claiming lives, and resulting in large losses of property. Data for this paper covering 2012 to2014 were obtained from various fire services in the country namely: This paper adopted statistical approach using SPSS tool to determine the possible factors causing electrical fires in buildings thereby providing remedial measures afterwards. Some of the areas covered are: amount lost, number of fire injuries, number of fire deaths, fire origin, items first ignited, month of occurrence, equipment involved in ignition and area covered by fire. It was discovered from analysis that the amount lost per fire for residential building electrical fires in Lagos state for the period considered is more than double that for nonelectrical residential building fires. The functional and structural areas of the building were found to be the most likely to experience electrical fires. Structural components of a building are by far the largest category of items first ignited in residential building electrical fires. Electrical wiring with its various components was by far the major cause of residential building electrical fires. Remedial measures were provided
Deeping Decentralisation in Ghana: Is More Districts the Way Forward?
It is statutory that creation of districts in Ghana should be determined by factors including particularly population size and economic viability of the areas concerned. From 1988 - 2012, the number of districts in the country almost doubled from 110 to 216. Similarly, population also doubled from 12 million in 1984 to 24 million in 2010. An assessment of various revenue sources to the districts, however, revealed that general contributions of Internally Generated Funds (IGF) to the total revenue of the districts are miserably insignificant. The District Assemblies' Common Fund (DACF) is specifically noted to be a major developmental fund in the districts than the IGF. Given the correspondence between population growth and the rising number of districts in the country, the study established that the creation of new districts in Ghana is influenced largely by population size to the neglect of economic viability of the areas. It is therefore concluded that creation of more districts in Ghana is only prudent if the economic viability of the areas can be guaranteed to ensure autonomy and reduce overdependence of the districts on grants and the DACF, in particular
Administrative Challenges to Public Libraries in Khyber Pakhtunkhawa Pakistan: An Empirical Study
This paper studies the rising challenges to Khyber Pakhtunkhawa public libraries administration in setting of goals and achieving targets. A quantitative based study was designed to know the expert opinion by analyzing data using statistical software (SPSS). Questionnaire survey was conducted in Khyber Pakhtunkhawa public libraries to know the critical factors. Findings of the research showed non-professional administrators with no research background are unable to keep pace with demanding issues at hand
Rogative Learning in Education for Sustainable Development: Environment, Human Rights and Democracy
The question underlying the investigation in this paper is how within a context of education for sustainable development it is possible to learn about the environment, human rights and democracy and at the same time practice what human rights and democracy stands for. A point of departure which allows more than one way of achieving the desired goal is called rogative learning (or question-based-learning). The rogative learning process is scrutinized from various perspectives, mainly philosophical and educational, in order to see how well it fulfils what is required in education for sustainable development. The advantages of this approach "“ that it springs from the interests of students and encourages deliberation "“ and the disadvantages and shortcomings "“ that it constantly puts the educator to test when it comes to knowledge and the many ways of carrying out an inquiry "“ are discussed for further investigation
Entrepreneurship: Vocational Skills to Achieve Sustainable Economic Growth in Nigeria
In Nigeria not much emphasis has been laid on vocational skills as regards to sustainable economic growth which is the main subject this paper is going to cover. This paper will examine how stakeholders if focus on making entrepreneurship development easy in Nigeria and provide the necessary Technical and vocational Education and training to sustain Sustainable Development, shall create avenues for industrialization of the country. Looking at the countries that have achieved sustainable economic development, the paper shall highlight how economic developments can satisfy Nigeria's needs economically, politically, socially and otherwise should we pursue it following the concept of Brundtland Report of sustainable development. The paper will also underscore the relevance of vocation skills as a realistic mechanism for sustainable economic growth considering the experiences of other developed nations
A Research on the Subjective Well-Being Levels of Pre-Service Teachers
This research focused on the investigation of the subjective well-being of the Faculty of Education students according to their departments. In this research, it was aimed to investigate whether there were any differences between the students in Faculty of Education, the Department of Art, and Music Teacher Training and the students in other departments in terms of their well-being levels according to the class and gender variables. This relational research was carried out with 450 (263 female, 186 male and 1 unidentified gender) students in 2014-2015 educational year. To determine the subjective well-being levels of the students, "Subjective Well-being Scale" was used. In order to test the difference according to the gender variable the unrelated samples t-test, for the difference according to the variables of class and programme, one-way variance analysis (ANOVA) were applied. It was not come across with a significant difference in the subjective well-being levels of students in the Faculty of Education according to their class and programmes. On the other hand, a significant difference was encountered in favour of girls according to the gender variable
Further Validation of an Indirect Measure of Celebrity Stalking
The Obsessive Relational Intrusion and Celebrity Stalking scale (ORI & CS) was developed to identify persons likely to become stalkers of celebrities. The purpose of the present study is to provide additional evidence about the reliability and validity of the ORI & CS. We administered the ORI & CS and measures of celebrity worship, fantasy proneness, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and celebrity stalking behavior in several possible orders to 145 college students. Neither the fantasy proneness scale nor the obsessive-compulsive measure correlated significantly with the ORI & CS, but both subscales of the latter did correlate significantly with the two more problematic subscales of the celebrity worship measure, essentially replicating an earlier study. Furthermore, obnoxious celebrity stalking behavior was the best predictor of threat subscale scores from the ORI & CS. Implications for the further study of celebrity stalking are explored
Lawyering in Arab Countries between the Hammer of the Executive and the Anvil of the Judiciary
The main argument of this article is that generally around the world lawyers are considered as specialized professionals who place the interests of their clients above their own, and strive to obtain respect for the rule of law. Consequently, any lawyer should be independent to allow him or her to give his or her clients unbiased advice or representation. Independent lawyers mean that they must be able to exercise their professional responsibilities without being influenced by the executive. However, the Arab Lawyering systems as illustrated and argued in this Article don't fully provide such protection from the executive authority. This article argues also that the independence of lawyers is not invented for the personal benefit of the lawyers themselves but is created to protect the people against abuses of power. A lawyering system based on respect for the rule of law needs strong independent and impartial lawyers. Therefore, this article provides general overview of the lawyers' guarantees according to the international standards and Regional Standards (Arab Region) and then demonstrates the Contradictory Implementation in the domestic laws. Furthermore, the independence of the Bar Associations as stipulated by the international standards are investigated in the Arab Lawyering systems