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Taxation as a Site of Memory: Exemptions, Universities, and the Legacy of Slavery
Get PDFMany universities around the United States are attempting to grapple with their institution’s history of direct and indirect involvement with transatlantic slavery. One of the first schools to do so was Brown University, which appointed a special committee in 2003 to study its historic institutional ties to slavery. After three years of investigation and discussion, the Brown committee recommended the creation of a public campus memorial and widespread educational efforts. In 2015, Georgetown University undertook a similar investigation on its campus; the working group ultimately recommended renaming certain university buildings, erecting public memorials, creating an academic center of the study of slavery, and providing an admissions preference for the descendants of slaves who worked for the university or were sold for its financial benefit. There is now a multinational coalition of over fifty colleges and universities engaged in investigating their institutions’ historic connections with both enslaved individuals and the institution of slavery itself.
Alongside these historical investigations, universities are facing demands from students, alumni, and faculty to address both campus building names and monuments that appear to glorify a slave-owning past. Yale University, for example, initially declined to rename one of its residential colleges that bore the name of a vigorous pro-slavery advocate; eventually, the school agreed to do so. For many years, Princeton University rejected demands to rename its School of Public and International Affairs and a residence hall that honored President Woodrow Wilson, despite the man’s steadfast racism and xenophobia, opting instead to diversify campus art and iconography. In the wake of George Floyd’s killing and the mass protests against police brutality in 2020, the school finally removed Wilson’s name from both the School of Public Affairs and the residence hall (but continues to embrace use of the name in other university honors). In some places, disputes over campus monuments have drawn large protests. Highly publicized battles have flared on the campus of the University of Mississippi, for example. Disputes over monuments have led to violence; in 2017, a counterprotestor was killed at the University of Virginia when she was run over by a car driven by a supporter of the campus statue of Confederate General Robert E. Lee. In the wake of unprecedented public demonstrations of support for racial justice during the summer of 2020, demands that universities account for their past and present actions will likely take on new salience
Designing a School: Creating a Map for Pace University
Get PDFThe map of a university is an essential tool for students, not only for navigation but also to promote the campus. When the map is outdated, students don’t find it functional and it can not complete its purpose. With the map of Pace University’s downtown campus, a new design was needed to go with the renovations that are taking place. When redesigning the map, features that are seen amongst the most common maps should be considered in the design. One feature that most maps now have is some sort of interactivity. To include this, maps have an online version that students can access from phones or computers. In my designs, I have redesigned the current map in a manner that is more beneficial to current students. While the designs stand on their own, they are also the basis for a more expanded design in the future. In this project, I am addressing the need for a more modern and functional system for the navigational needs for the Pace University community
From Garlic to Acupuncture: Cultural Models of COVID-19 in Traditional Chinese Medicine
Get PDFEver since I studied Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) in Yunnan, China, I have been curious about it. The cultural and historical aspect of TCM combined with the medical perspective provides a unique concept that is vastly different from Western Medicine (WM). TCM has been practiced for thousands of years in China and surrounding areas. It has seen the rise and fall of kingdoms. It has fought against all types of injuries and illnesses. With the curiosity of TCM combined with the daunting COVID-19, I opted to research how people 3 practice TCM during COVID-19. This research project seeks to understand the cultural and medical aspects that people use against COVID-19
The Impact of Top Management Team (TMT) Meeting Praxes on Organizational Performance
No full textUnderstanding the implications of meeting praxes on empirical organizational performance in addition to subjective measures has been identified as a research gap in need of examination. This study evaluates the various meeting praxes of a top management team (TMT) and correlating effects on its empirical organizational performance over a 42-month period. In particular, this study creates a model identifying relationships between how dollar sales, units of product sold and units produced are influenced by the meeting praxes of assignment of action items, meeting frequency, meeting length, meeting materials (including meeting notes, Excel data and PowerPoint presentations), CEO direction and CEO feedback. The model was tested during the same week as each meeting and one, two, three and four weeks post meeting to investigate the effects of temporality. The results of this study suggest that meeting length, Excel data and CEO direction are positively related to empirical outcomes: meeting length at two weeks post meeting; Excel data at all but one-week post meeting; and CEO direction at three weeks post meeting. PowerPoint presentations and assignment of action items are negatively related to outcomes: PowerPoint at two weeks post meeting; assignment of action items the same week as the meeting, one week and three weeks post meeting. In this particular study, meeting frequency, meeting notes and CEO feedback had no significant effect on empirical results. As with any study limited to one organization, more research is needed to better understand this topic
Right to Health in GATS: Can the Public Health Exception Pave the Way for Complementarity?
Get PDFThis paper demonstrates how a right to health approach in the interpretation of the public health exception outlined in GATS Article XIV(b) can bring about a harmonious application of international human rights and international trade law regimes. Focusing on the interpretive value of the right to health for the public health exception in GATS, it examines whether a WTO Member, who has committed itself under GATS to fully liberalize all service sectors that have implications for health (e.g., hospital and other healthcare services), still retains the regulatory space to undertake measures to fulfill their right to health obligations and can justify a public health measure as incompatible with GATS obligations when undertaken to fulfill its right to health obligation. This paper argues that a right to health approach to an interpretation of the public health exception in GATS can bring complementarity between international human rights and international trade law regimes. A good faith and harmonious interpretation of the public health exception in GATS, taking into account the right to health, further advances systemic integration and responds to the challenge of fragmentation of public international law
Parenting Perceptions, Beliefs, and Early Childhood Social-Emotional Outcomes
No full textUnderstanding parenting beliefs, perceptions, roles, and the resulting behaviors that parents adopt, particularly during the early childhood years, is essential in understanding the influence of parenting values on the development of early childhood social-emotional outcomes. Using the Parent Development Theory (Mowder, 2005), the current study aims to assess a variety of positive and negative parenting characteristics and their relationship to the social-emotional and behavioral outcomes in toddlers, preschoolers, and kindergarteners (ages 2 through 5). Furthermore, given the universal experience of stress that may emerge during the transition into parenthood, this study also examines the hypothesized influential role that parenting stress may have on the development of parenting beliefs and resulting early childhood outcomes. Overall, the current study aims to (1) examine the relationship between parenting beliefs and early childhood social-emotional outcomes as perceived by parents and (2) examine the role and relationship of parenting stress on parenting beliefs and early childhood social-emotional and behavioral outcomes. There are many implications for this study, ranging from further deepening the parenting literature to assisting clinicians in the development of parenting programs to support emerging parenting beliefs, identities, and behaviors. Thus, by carefully attending to the parental role, reflecting on the development of positive parenting perceptions, and reducing parenting stress, profound changes in parenting behaviors may help promote adaptive social-emotional development of young children
The Social and Cultural Factors of Anorexia Nervosa in Adolescent Women
Get PDFAnorexia Nervosa (AN) is an eating disorder that typically begins in adolescence and it is characterized by three diagnostic criteria defined within the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5). This criterion consists of the restriction of energy intake, leading to a significantly low body weight, the intense fear of weight gain, and the disturbed sense in which someone perceives their body weight or shape. Adolescence is characterized as the time in aperson’s life which is the period of growth between the ages of 10 and 19 years old. This period of development spans through many milestones, including puberty and the end of high school into college. Adolescence has also been characterized by the need for social acceptance and when an individual may develop their attitudes and behaviors towards eating. Females who are within this period of adolescence, are under extremely impressionable through the society we live in and their own cultural influences that may occur at home. Growing up in an ever- changing technological world, children are constantly exposed to the world of social media, and different advertisements that are on TV or phone applications they use on a daily basis. With these new aspects growing in society, suggestible minds are seeing these posts and advertisements of people with seemingly perfect lives, and bodies and believing that they need to be ‘better’ than the person that they already are. As focus on body image in this society has continued to grow, there has also been a movement of “body positivity” in which advertisers are marketing women to be comfortable in the body that they own in comparison to the advertisements towards the “ideal” feminine body. Each person is also influenced by their own cultural background. This may include how food is seen in your household, and if it is considered to be a focal point in a daily routine, or during larger gatherings. Culture also plays a large role in the diagnosis of AN in general. Anorexia had generally been considered to be a “white-middle-class-female disorder”, which has been proven incorrect. In countries that are not considered to be westernized, the diagnosis of Anorexia Nervosa seems to be lower, which is due to how our culture idealizes thinness. In other cultures, AN presents itself without this idea of “fat-phobia”. Because people in other societies are not presenting this idea of the fear of weight gain, they are not diagnosed with AN even though they may be presenting other symptoms such as excessive weight loss and amenorrhea. The discussion of Anorexia Nervosa needs to continue evolving as our society and cultures do in order to provide current research on topics such as social media influencers, and AN presenting in other cultures
An Examination of the Relationship between Africentrism and Psychological Well-Being in Black Gay Men
No full textAfricentrism, as defined by the principles of Nguzo Saba, has been recommended and incorporated in interventions. It has also been empirically linked to psychological benefits in various subpopulations of Black people. Despite this, it appears there has not been an evaluation or empirical testing of Africentrism’s relationship to positive psychological outcomes in Black gay men. Apart from one recommended intervention for HIV positive Black gay men and their families, there is a gap in the literature which addresses Africentrism in Black gay men. The current study explored if there is a relationship between Africentrism and psychological well-being in Black gay men. Many of the studies done with Black gay men were done with samples made up of both gay and bisexual Black men. Some of the studies also included MSM (Men who have sex with men who may be queer or heterosexual). To isolate population specific patterns, this study was conducted with a homogenous sample of Black gay men only
Unveiling the “Trojan Horses” of Gentrification: Studies of Legal Strategies to Combat Environmental Gentrification in Washington, D.C. and New York, N.Y.
Get PDFBluebooking Environmental Resources
Get PDFFive-page tip sheet presented as a table covers how to properly cite environmental material according to the Bluebook. It includes federal and state bills, legislation, and regulations, federal and state administrative adjudications and other administrative material. Updated to the 21st Ed. of the Bluebook