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School Shooters Are Men: let’s talk about it
Full text linkThis zine was created for the course WS 268: Men and Masculinities, taught by Prof. Roxanna Azari.https://digitalcommons.pace.edu/student_zines/1014/thumbnail.jp
Digital Rite of Passage: The First Social Media Kids
Full text linkThrough a combination of academic research and creative storytelling, this thesis delves into the largely undocumented experiences of the “first social media kids,” an entire generation of tweens who grew up using social media in the 2010s before it was heavily moderated or imbued with age restrictions. While stories about this age of social media have been traded consistently in conversations between peers who are currently in their early twenties, there is a clear lack of academic work focused on early social media and the young users who explored it. Through the medium of an episodic and investigative podcast titled Digital Rite of Passage: The First Social Media Kids, my work captures the previously neglected narratives and reflections of this age group to share with a society that constantly raises concerns about our youth being present on social media platforms. The focus of the podcast episode is identity, and how being on social media as a tween may have influenced expression and impacted the users’ sense of self. To provide a foundation of knowledge for the relationship between identity and social media, the literature review begins with an in-depth outline of the functions and characteristics of social media that draw users to the platform for specific purposes. It then explores the practice of self expression through social media platforms and the technological affordances that they provide for users. Lastly, it introduces the relationship between tween users and social media platforms, specifically regarding identity development in children during their tween years and why they are drawn toward social media as a means of expression and identity management. This research, combined with the art of creative storytelling through podcasting, will allow young adults to become a bigger part of the conversation surrounding young social media users by drawing on their own experiences to provide input on the controversial topic
Reduction of Elopement Using a Multicomponent Treatment in Young Children with ASD
Full text linkElopement, leaving a caregiver\u27s side without permission or supervision, is a behavior that is more prevalent among children with autism as compared to their typically developing peers. With potentially fatal consequences (e.g., exposure to water, traffic, and strangers), it is reported to cause high levels of stress for caregivers. In the present study, we evaluated the assessment and treatment of elopement using a multicomponent treatment package to address the multiple functions of elopement. Treatment consisted of verbal instructions, blocking, and differential reinforcement of other behaviors with extinction (DRO w/ EXT). An ABAB reversal design was utilized to assess treatment effectiveness. Results showed a significant reduction of elopement following the first phase of treatment for both participants. However, for one participant, previous reduction rates were not reached upon reimplementation. The implications for practice and limitations are discussed
Personhood, Politics, Assisted Reproduction, and the Law Post-Dobbs
Full text linkWith the end of the federal constitutional right to abortion, state legislatures and state courts have become far more important in the sphere of reproductive rights. Before Dobbs, anti-abortion advocates had significant (albeit increasingly porous) ceilings on what they could prohibit in relation to reproductive health care. A significant check on those actions is now gone.
In the wake of Dobbs, societal debates about personhood have increased and expanded in terms of their practical implications. Before Dobbs, anti-abortion advocates admitted that Roe and subsequent cases limited the scope of their arguments, especially in relation to the legality of in vitro fertilization. That limit is gone. In the aftermath, many supporters of the right to an abortion saw the need to affirmatively express their support of the right to an abortion, leading to a sharp increase in participation in state and local elections.
As indicated by the bipartisan reactions to the Alabama Supreme Court decision in LePage v. Center for Reproductive Medicine P.C., post-Dobbs, assisted reproduction is in danger of illegalization as efforts to move personhood closer to conception, in the targeting of abortion, now impact assisted reproduction, especially in vitro fertilization. As a result, legislators of both parties should continue to enact legislation that protects assisted reproduction in the United States and eventually subsidize access to it
We Have Lost Our Minds
Full text linkThis Article examines the paradoxical treatment of autonomy in American healthcare law. While autonomy has become the dominant principle in medical ethics and neoliberal market philosophies, pregnant people have been systematically denied this same autonomy through increasingly restrictive abortion statutes. Using the rhetoric of “informed consent,” abortion-restrictive statutes ironically pervert the animating principles behind the doctrine—rendering it almost meaning- less. I argue that this contradiction stems from the dehumanization of pregnant people who seek abortions, particularly through the denial of their capacity to have individual, complex mental states and feelings. Drawing on moral psychology, the Article demonstrates how pregnant people are cast either as irrational and incompetent, or as cold and calculating, but never as fully human agents capable of making rational healthcare decisions. This dehumanization enables policymakers to strip pregnant people of the very autonomy that is championed in other medical contexts, while simultaneously blaming them for the inequalities that flow from the neoliberal system. I conclude by reflecting on how respect for autonomy has become hollow rhetoric that masks deep sexism both in medicine and the marketplace
Beyond Reform: Food Sovereignty and the Future of Global Food Systems
Full text linkWe live in a deeply destructive food system, and the need for alternatives is clear. Yet state and corporate actors, beholden to an extractive, industrial model of food production, continue to push for incremental reforms instead of transformative action. In response, food sovereignty movements are charting a normative path in international human rights law to secure peasants\u27 rights and promote more sustainable and just alternatives to our industrial food system. Against the backdrop of the political economy of industrial agriculture, this Article compares mainstream approaches to food systems reform with transformative alternatives rooted in food sovereignty. It explores two key questions: What makes a food practice transformative? And how are social movements and advocates using international law to advance transformative practices and secure peasants\u27 rights? While food sovereignty movements continue to contend with significant power dynamics, I argue that the articulation of peasants\u27 rights and the related radicalization of human rights law represent a significant win for participatory governance and collective rights. These developments also signal a critical shift in food systems discourse, paving the way for imagining and realizing alternative food futures
The Impact of Early Lifer Adversity on Mental and Physical Health: The role of Spirituality and Forgiveness
Full text linkABSTRACT The current study aimed to examine the effect of adverse childhood experiences on mental and physical health, forgiveness and spirituality. A total of 579 adults between the ages of 18 and 32 years completed an online survey. Participants were asked to report demographics and completed various measures. A total of 579 adults between the ages of 18 and 32 years were recruited through a university in New York and completed an online survey. Results from this study found that adverse childhood experiences predicted poor self-reported health, a greater number of somatic symptoms, and a greater number of symptoms of depression in adulthood. In addition, early life adversity had a negative impact on spiritual well-being and forgiveness in adulthood. The data from this study did not find a statistically significant moderation effect between spiritual well-being and adverse childhood events on self-reported health, somatic symptoms, and symptoms of depression. However, the study found that forgiveness mediated the relationship between early life adversity and self-reported health and symptoms of depression. These findings provide evidence that early life adversity has a lasting impact on mental and physical health in adults. The findings of the study highlight the importance of forgiveness as a protective factor in mental health and physical health, and its potential benefits as an intervention strategy that can be used to deal with mental and physical health issues that have been caused by adverse childhood experiences
Support Seeking Among Essential Healthcare Workers and First Responders during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Full text linkThe present study examined essential healthcare workers’ (HCWs) and first responder’s perceptions about the effectiveness of the quality and quantity of social support received in light of the emotional experiences throughout the COVID-19 pandemic regarding the psychological distress they experienced working during that time. Although healthcare sectors had supports in place, this study used a mixed method approach of questionnaires and interviews, to better understand the healthcare workers’ perceptions about what did and did not work to help them maintain their sense of well-being and ability to work successfully during the extraordinary worldwide health care crisis caused by COVID19. Understanding the association between support provided and efficacy of support offers important information about how the healthcare system can implement formal and informal, macro and micro level services to HCWs and First Responders. Integrating support systems into practice can assist in counteracting adverse emotional responses such as anxiety, depression, trauma related stressors, and burnout, as well as offer preventive mental health services for healthcare workers. The experience of psychological distress was ascertained by measures participants completed in a Qualtrics survey assessing burnout, depressive symptoms, and secondary traumatic stress. Perceived social support, frequency of use of social support and perceived effectiveness of that support were evaluated by the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support and Healthcare Workers Social support questionnaire. The results found that the participants of this study perceived moderate levels of social support. They reported low levels of depressive symptoms, moderate levels of burnout, and moderate levels of secondary traumatic stress. However, 25% of the participants reported high levels of secondary traumatic stress. Qualitative analyses of Zoom interviews of Health Care Workers and First Responders collected from a larger study (Chisholm & Godfrey, in press) suggested that access to supportive services which were perceived to be helpful may have mitigated the adverse effects of negative psychological experiences for essential HCWs and first responders. The findings of this study indicate that symptoms associated with emotional exhaustion contributed to higher reports of secondary traumatic stress symptoms. It was also found that the more helpful HCWs perceived family support to be, the less symptoms of secondary traumatic stress they reported
Taxing Sugar Babies
Full text linkHow people talk about tax reflects both personal beliefs and larger cultural attitudes. In many cases, whether and how a potential taxpayer understands their activities in tax terms may also reveal attitudes about themselves and the value that society assigns to those activities. This Article examines how sugar daddies and sugar babies talk about taxes in two Internet discussion forums to reveal the ongoing stigma associated with sex work. Through mostly content analysis, the focus is on the attitudes of sugar daddies and sugar babies toward taxation and the filing positions they take, as well as how tax professionals intervene in online discourse at the intersection of tax laws and sugaring.
This Article makes three principal claims--one descriptive, one normative, and one interpretative. First, the dominant discourse among sugar daddies and sugar babies is that a sugar baby receives “gifts,” not income in exchange for companionship that usually (but not always) includes a sexual element. A discernible counternarrative emerges from apparent tax professionals who take the view that a sugar baby\u27s receipts are income. Second, this Article explains that this latter position is likely true as a technical tax matter. However, it is unlikely that tax authorities will seek to prosecute sugar babies for failing to report income. Sugaring occupies a gray area between private, intimate relationships, on the one hand, and commercial sex work, on the other. Third, the persistence of tax talk that a sugar baby\u27s receipts are gifts helps maintain this gray area, even though the non-taxation of a sugar baby\u27s receipts hurts both the government, in the form of lost tax revenue, and sugar babies themselves, who do not receive work credit toward Social Security and other programs that depend on years of market labor. The persistence of the gift rhetoric further devalues the sugar baby\u27s efforts, ignores the emotional and physical risks associated with sugaring, and perpetuates longstanding stigmas against sex work