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The Emergence of Digital Course Materials in Higher education and their effectiveness in Teaching and Engaging Students.
No full textSlow Incident Response in Cyber Security: The Impact of Task Disengagement in Security Operations Centers
No full textOver recent decades, we have moved our workflows, record management, and communications into digital formats driven by computational algorithms that run on the global Internet infrastructure. This has been successful because of improved efficiency and convenience to both organizations and general humanity. These developments, however, have created opportunities for hacktivists, cyber-criminals and nation-state inspired cyber-attacks that have resulted in high-profile data breaches in government and commercial organizations, leading to huge financial losses, eroding or loss of reputations, and business closures. Cyber-attacks and breaches continue to rise even though cyber-security practitioners have continued to improve on Incidence Response, by investing heavily in prevention technologies. These investments have unfortunately not created a significant impact at stopping or slowing down data breaches. Response to cyber-attacks are still slow and high-profile breaches continue to rise and take center stage in global media coverage. This research therefore examined the slow response to cyber-breaches and identified the incidence of task disengagement within the usually stressful operating environments of Security Operations Center (SOC) as a novel and contributory factor to slow incidence response. Task disengagement sets in, resulting in the decrement of mental and physical alertness and overall vigilance after the initial 30 or 40 minutes of consistently staring at and monitoring the banks of monitors displaying streams of traffic and log data. Replacing human analysts with Artificial Intelligence, known as autonomous cyber-defenses, does not have the critical human intuition necessary for the identification of certain exploits that may appear benign at the early stages of an attack. However, applying AI to augment human efforts appears to hold greater promise. In the course of this research, a survey of surveillance operators was conducted which lead to the development of a unique framework, Dynamic SOC Monitoring Framework, to assist in extending the level of engagement and alertness of a typical SOC analyst. Task disengagement is a neurological state that requires further collaborative research in order to effectively address its impact in stressful work environments that require constant alertness and vigilance
The Justice of Unequal Pay in the UFC: An In-Depth Analysis of the Fighters’ Antitrust Class Action Lawsuit Against the UFC and the Misplaced Support of the Proposed Muhammad Ali Expansion Act
Get PDFIn 2016, the Ultimate Fighting Championships (“UFC”) set the record for the largest sale in sports history. The UFC, the primary promotion company of the once fringe sport of mixed martial arts (“MMA”) had matured into a mammoth 4 billion dollar promotion, but not without some growing pains. The league is replete with controversy, mostly dealing with disgruntled athletes over compensation. Athletes of the UFC feel that they are being financially exploited and they may be correct. The athletes are choosing different routes to remedy their pay disparities but they are misguided.
The first course of action chosen by the fighters is litigation, as a group of former UFC fighters have filed a class action antitrust suit against the UFC. Fighters are also lobbying for legislation in an attempt to expand the Muhammad Ali Act to regulate MMA as another method of resolution. While both will ultimately fail to appease the aggrieved athletes, the process may injure the UFC brand, something fighters may want to avoid. By reviewing similar antitrust disputes in sports and entertainment, the failure of the lawsuit against the UFC becomes apparent. As for the legislation, the Muhammad Ali Act fell short in protecting fighters in boxing as it was intended and will have the same ineffectualness in MMA. When the UFC was purchased in 2016 by WME-IMG, an immense international entertainment conglomerate, it is not likely the company was ignorant to these unsettled issues. This leads to the conclusion that the league’s prospects are still bright. It is in the fighters’ and the league’s best interests to quell their innate divisive temperaments and negotiate a compromise internally.
Part II of this paper discusses the history of MMA, the sport of mixed martial arts. It also evaluates the evolution and current state of the UFC, the premier league that arranges and promotes the competition of elite MMA athletes. After a brief explanation of relevant antitrust laws, Part III analyzes the merits of the class action lawsuit against the UFC. Part IV explores the distinct nature of MMA and why antitrust enforcement will have varying results from what the athletes hope to achieve. Part V addresses possible effects of the proposed federal legislation amending the Muhammad Ali Act. Finally, Part VI summarizes that the antitrust litigation and proposed regulation will fail to redress the fighters’ affliction of their income but may injure the UFC brand. Thus, imploring the league to be proactive in resolving this issue
Keeping that Doggie in the (Car) Window Safe: Recommendations for Driving with Canine Companions
Get PDFPart I of this article uses the empirical research of experts (animal behaviorists, ethologists, and cynologists) to explain reasons canine companions and their humans love riding together. It also highlights the potential risks when dogs distract drivers. Acknowledging that only a few studies exist, it provides whatever statistics are available and posits that data strongly suggest dogs who are roaming free in a car cause or at least contribute to many accidents. This means, in addition to drivers and passengers in other vehicles and even pedestrians, these animals represent a significant potential danger to themselves and occupants of their car in one of two respects. First, they can distract the driver in any number of ways and cause or contribute to an accident. Second, they can become deadly projectiles if there is a collision (or even just the need to stop short).
Part II tackles the important question of how to significantly decrease the number of canine-involved accidents. This section analyzes the relevant cases and laws in the United States. It briefly contrasts what is happening in other places in the world, including the United Kingdom where it is illegal to drive with an unrestrained dog. Doing so actually permits insurance companies to reject any resulting claims. Then, after conceding the impossibility of eliminating all such mishaps, Part III explores ways to protect human and nonhuman animals when a crash occurs. These include the need to collect information about collisions where dogs distracted the driver similar to what was done when deciding that adults need to wear seat belts and children must be in safety seats. Finally, the Conclusion provides several recommendations
Assessing Students\u27 Civil Rights Claims Against School Resource Officers
Get PDFPolice officers stationed in public schools, commonly referred to as school resource officers (SROs), have become commonplace in the United States over the past twenty-five years. Their primary responsibility is to maintain order and safety in schools, but they also serve as counselors and mentors for students, and teach classes related to drug and alcohol abuse, gang avoidance, and other topics. SROs’ presence in schools raises important legal questions because they interact with students on a daily basis and are directly involved in schools’ efforts to control student behavior through school discipline and security. Additionally, a series of Supreme Court decisions has created an environment of limited rights for students in America’s public schools, which is compounded by the heightened security environments found in the majority of schools. Amidst this environment, it is important to consider whether students have any recourse if SROs take actions that seemingly infringe on students’ rights. This article seeks to address this specific question by analyzing students’ civil rights claims against SROs under Section 1983. The available case law demonstrates that the involvement of SROs in school discipline matters can quickly escalate these situations to include aggressive, physical confrontations and arrests for relatively minor misbehavior. Yet, Section 1983 rarely provides students with viable civil rights claims against SROs, even when the SROs’ behavior seems egregious. These cases lend strong support to scholars and advocates’ concerns that the use of SROs, along with other heightened school security and punitive discipline measures, “criminalizes” public school students. They also demonstrate that changes in the ways SROs operate in schools are needed to protect students’ rights
Sharing Englishes & Social Media
Get PDFThis year-long grant-funded project examined the intersection of culture and class with use of the English Language, and explored the concept of multiple Englishes rather than one, monolithic, correct version of the language