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Changes in the Androgen Signaling Pathway Caused by Gut Parasite Cryptosporidium Parvum
Full text linkThe molecular mechanisms driving prostate cancer initiation remain under investigation; however, studies have shown that the androgen receptor (AR) signaling pathway plays a central role in prostate cancer progression. The AR is a regulator of prostate cell growth, differentiation, and survival and the aberrant signaling of AR is implicated in the progression of prostate cancer. Studies of Androgen signaling pathway in connection with the gut parasite C.parvum revealed direct changes in the signaling pathway of androgen which could potentially lead to the initiation of Prostate Cancer. Analysis of the prostate samples collected from twenty JAX Swiss Outbred mice gave different points on the control vs infected prostates graph indicating down regulation in the C.parvum infected mice samples compared to the control mice samples suggesting changes in the signaling pathways. Results from the In-vitro cell co-culture consisting of 22RV1 and HCT8 cells taken after 24 hours showed upregulation, but results after 48 hours down regulated for all the genes (AR, PLZF, FKBP5 and KLK3) used to analyze the samples. Even though the results may not directly indicate the initiation of prostate cancer, the alteration of the signaling pathway of androgen in the prostate could potentially lead to the development of tumor
Attachment style moderating the relationship between risk perception and adoption of precautionary dating behaviors
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CONSERVING CONSERVATION SERVITUDES: THE ROLE OF THE PRIOR PUBLIC USE DOCTRINE IN PROTECTING PRIVATELY CONSERVED LAND IN THE UNITED STATES AND AUSTRALIA
No full textBoth the United States and Australia would benefit from more conservation of private land, and conservation servitudes can help both countries achieve this. However, in the United States and Australia, the power of eminent domain is a threat to the perpetuity of conservation servitudes. The prior public use doctrine, a common law doctrine in the United States arising out of the public trust doctrine, could limit eminent domain in these cases and provide protection to conservation servitudes. This doctrine states that land devoted to one public use (such as conservation) may not be condemned for another inconsistent public use unless there is express legislative authority to do so. The argument that conservation servitudes serve a public use may be strengthened when affirmative steps are taken to monitor and manage encumbered land, an element that is required of conservation servitudes in Australia but not the United States. Further, the Australian legal system does not have an equivalent of the prior public use doctrine but may benefit from one. This Note examines the differences between conservation servitudes in the United States and Australia and analyzes the impact of the prior public use doctrine as a potential protection to conservation servitudes in each country. The prior public use doctrine is an important tool to protect the perpetuity of conservation servitudes. The application of this doctrine to conservation land raises important questions regarding what actions landowners must take to ensure public benefits are in fact derived from their conservation operations
Interpreting Congress
No full textThis Article introduces the concept of congressional interpretation. Congressional interpretation describes a strategy on which the Supreme Court relies, but rarely acknowledges. It occurs when courts try to understand what the law is by looking beyond a specific statute, or even a specific statute’s legislative history, and instead turning to vague beliefs about congressional behavior. Courts use congressional interpretation to: understand the relationship between a substantive statute and subsequent appropriations; evaluate statutes on the basis of post-enactment congressional inaction; and impose assumptions about congressional norms through clear statement rules. For instance, a court considers whether Congress granted statutory authority when Congress does not appropriate funding to exercise the supposed authority. A court holds an agency’s internal interpretation of a statute invalid because, years after passage, a different Congress failed to enact a law similar to the agency’s interpretation. Or a court objects to an agency interpretation because the court assumes Congress would normally write a statute differently if it wanted to allow the agency’s interpretation.
Looking at the Court’s behavior through the lens of congressional interpretation helps make sense of recent statutory interpretation cases. Decisions, including Loper Bright, Cargill, Sackett, Biden v. Nebraska, and West Virginia all couple declared textualism with congressional interpretation. As a result, the Court is doing three important things. First, it is constitutionalizing statutory interpretation and subtly shifting separation of power principles like the Take Care Clause, executive discretion, and even the seemingly unyielding command of bicameralism and presentment. Second, the Court has not acknowledged that its various interpretive tools fit together as congressional interpretation, which undermines the cogency of the device even though the Court regularly uses it. Failure to acknowledge congressional interpretation also undermines the Court’s deliberative legitimacy. Courts should be express about their analytical approaches. Third, and finally, the key cases are all deregulatory or limit agency authority, usually both. This raises the specter that policy outcomes motivate the practice and, perhaps worse, that policy outcomes motivate the tacit constitutional changes that can come with congressional interpretation.
To explore these aspects of congressional interpretation in more detail, this Article presents a case study of noise law. With a lawsuit pending against EPA for failure to carry out non-discretionary duties under various federal noise statutes, the noise law case study presents questions at the crossroads of statutory interpretation, appropriations, executive discretion, Take Care duties, and the triggers and application of clear statement rules. Noise law consequently reveals a lot about the contours of congressional interpretation
“FLEEING THE CLIMATE: THE NEED FOR PROTECTION OF CLIMATE REFUGEES IN THE LIGHT OF INTERNATIONAL LAW”
No full textClimate change, which is already making itself felt, poses challenges for international law and the international community. Climate change and its consequences will lead to (involuntary) human mobility and affect many people. This forced migration is not yet specifically addressed by international law. This article addresses climate-induced migration and the protection of climate refugees through international refugee and migration law, international human rights law, international environmental law, climate change law and international disaster law. It analyzes how and, above all, why climate refugees are protected. The core thesis of the article is the justification of a need for protection of climate refugees, which is directed against the international community of states. According to this, states have a duty to prevent the causes of flight and must also protect climate refugees during and after their mobility. It argues that a minimum standard of protection for climate-related, disaster-induced migration already exists under current law and examines how this can be effectively developed and expanded to ensure adequate protection. Furthermore, it is argued, that the best way to address climate induced migration would be within a Global Governance system. The article focuses on a legal analysis but also draws on findings from other disciplines. The relevance of the topic is increasing as climate change progresses and international law develops
Pace Zine Library - a mini zine guidebook
Full text linkThis 8-page mini zine is a brief introduction to the Pace Zine Library, what type of materials can be found in its collection and how to visit. This zine was created as part of Pace Zine Library Research Assistantship to promote student and faculty interaction with the collection, promoting it as a great on campus resource for research and creativity. Click here to flip through the pages of the zine.https://digitalcommons.pace.edu/student_zines/1018/thumbnail.jp
So You Want to Sing Musical Theatre : a Guide for Performers.
No full textBroadway vocal coach, voice teacher, and researcher Amanda Flynn provides the skills singers need to successfully sing musical theatre repertoire. The book is updated and expanded for musical theatre performance in the current era, covering a broader array of topics and including more in-depth discussion than the original edition.https://digitalcommons.pace.edu/bookshelf/1022/thumbnail.jp
