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Putative Roles of Parasitoid Wasp Venom Proteins in the Modulation of Biological Pathways
No full textParasitoid wasp reproduction depends upon wasps infecting Drosophila (fruit fly) hosts. The wasps infect Drosophila larvae, depositing eggs and venom proteins which inhibit the host immune response, direct nutrition distribution, and inhibit host growth and development. Ultimately, the Drosophila succumbs to the wasp infection as the wasp develops within the fly larva.
Drosophila and humans share conserved antibacterial, antiviral, and anti-parasitic responses, as well as many conserved underlying biological signaling pathways. Thus, Drosophila can be used to better understand diseases in humans because disruptions and modulations to conserved cell-signaling pathways result in phenotypically similar outcomes.Understanding how parasitoid wasp venom proteins canmodulate the host immune system may provide the insight for the development of therapies to treat human diseases.
Wasp venom peptides identified by mass spectrometry of proteins isolated from the wasp venom apparatus have provided a starting point for wasp venom gene annotation and comparative genomic analysis. The goal of annotation is to generate gene models for wasp venom proteins that can be used for the molecular cloning needed to perform protein purification and activity characterization. Current experiments aim to clone newly-annotated wasp venom genes into expression plasmids for the purification and analysis of wasp venom protein activity
Development of Copper Catalyzed Alkylboron Oxidative Homocoupling
No full textCarbon-carbon bonding is considered one of the most important chemical reactions in organic chemistry. The goal of this project is to perform a new carbon-carbon coupling reaction using copper to catalyze a radical boron reaction to form a sp3–sp3 C-C bond. In the past, boron has been used to form C-C bonds. However, what is new about this research is the geometry of the two carbon atoms being joined. Many experiments have successfully coupled two sp2 carbons, and one experiment was able to couple an sp2 carbon and an sp3 carbon; however, this experiment seeks to couple two sp3 carbons. As far as the researchers are aware, this is the first presentation of sp3-sp3 C-C bonding using the proposed mechanism
Mutations in Mre11 Induce Genomic Instability
No full textExogenous agents such as ionizing radiation that challenge the DNA and produces various DNA lesions lead to genome instability. These lesions at the DNA level led to changes in genetic information, leading to mutagenesis, which can propagate in subsequent rounds of replication, eventually resulting in the disruption of normal cell function, and uncontrolled cell growth thus forming tumors. DNA double strand breaks (DSBs) are the most lethal type of DNA damage that cells combat. One of the pathways to repair DSBs is homology-dependent repair (HDR). The 3′-to-5′ exonuclease activity of Mre11 generate protruding 3′ ssDNA at DSBs. Further, Rad51, a factor that performs homology search and strand invasion, then binds the ssDNA. Mre11 is responsible for the initial short-range resection which is followed by the long resection by Exo1 before strand invasion in HDR. The purpose of this study is to test the hypothesis that MRE11 gene variants contribute to genomic instability by aberrant DNA repair. This project seeks to understand the potential role of disease-associated variants of Mre11 in defective resection function thus inducing genomic instability
Lo Conosco a Quegli Occhietti from La Serva Padrona by Giovanni Pergolesi, Sung by Heather Pool, Soprano, and Thomas Sagers, Bass
No full textHeather Pool, Soprano, and Thomas Sagers, Bass, will perform a scene from the opera La Serva Padrona , by Giovanni Pergolesi, libretto by Gennaro Federico