Jurnal Online Universitas Muhammadiyah Surabaya
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KETAHANAN BAJA ASTM A36 TERHADAP PENGUJIAN TARIK DAN BENDING DENGAN PROSES PENGELASAN SMAW DAN METALOGRAFI
Get PDF In the welding process, the parts to be welded receive local heat, thermal expansion occurs, even though the cold parts do not change, this causes structural stress and structural changes can occur. Therefore, the choice of electrode type significantly influences the tensile and bending stresses as well as changes in structural content. Based on the analysis carried out, the E6013 type electrode has the lowest tensile stress value, namely 455.8707 N/mm². Meanwhile, the highest average tensile stress on the E7016 type electrode reached a tensile value of 561.47535 N/mm². The highest Bending Stress value was 162.95 (N/mm²) for the E7016 electrode and 155.85 (N/mm²) for the E6013 electrode. and in the E6013 microstructure element the carbon C content is 6.92% and in the E7016 sample the carbon C element content is 3.61%. A low hydrogen content really prevents oxidation during welding, because when steel has a high oxygen content, the tensile stress and yield when moving during welding will be reduced.
Keywords: Electrodes, Tensile Test, Bending Test, Microstructure, Weld Defects.
Pada proses pengelasan, bagian-bagian yang akan dilas menerima panas lokal, terjadi pemuaian termal, meskipun bagian-bagian yang dingin tidak mengalami perubahan, hal ini menyebabkan tegangan struktur dan dapat terjadi perubahan struktur. Oleh karena itu, pemilihan jenis elektroda secara signifikan mempengaruhi tegangan tarik dan tekuk serta perubahan kandungan struktural. Berdasarkan analisa yang dilakukan, elektroda tipe E6013 dengan nilai tegangan tarik terendah yaitu 455,8707 N/mm². Sedangkan tegangan tarik rata-rata tertinggi pada elektroda tipe E7016 mencapai nilai tarik sebesar 561,47535 N/mm². Nilai Tegangan Tekuk tertinggi sebesar 162,95 (N/mm²) untuk elektroda E7016 dan 155,85 (N/mm²) untuk elektroda E6013. dan pada unsur mikrostruktur E6013 kandungan karbon C sebesar 6,92% dan pada sampel E7016 kandungan unsur karbon C sebesar 3,61%. Kandungan hidrogen yang rendah sangat mencegah terjadinya oksidasi pada saat pengelasan, karena ketika baja mempunyai kandungan oksigen yang tinggi maka tegangan tarik dan luluh pada saat bergerak pada saat pengelasan akan berkurang.
Kata Kunci : Elektroda, Uji Tarik, Uji Bending, Struktur Mikro, Cacat Las
Actualization Of Customary Law (Living Law) As A Form Of Legal Reform In Indonesia
Get PDFThe nation is the most important entity in a country; without it, there can be no state. In other words, the nation is the fundamental element of a state. The life of a nation is closely tied to its culture, as Aristotle put it, "zoon politicon," a social creature, whereby social interactions lead to agreements that eventually generalize into culture. Similarly, according to Hans Kelsen, a figure in positivism, law originates from societal interactions. In fact, customary law is an ideal source of law because laws already existing within society are unlikely to encounter significant resistance, unlike laws imposed by rulers, which tend to face considerable opposition from the populace.
Keywords: nation, law, customary la
Analysis of China's 9-Dash Line Claim in the South China Sea Under International Law
Get PDFThe South China Sea area is an area that has a lot of potential. Its very strategic role in various fields such as politics, economics, and security makes it the largest water area with great potential. It contains 266 trillion cubic feet of gas reserves and 7.7 billion barrels of oil reserves. This is the cause of the dispute that occurred in the South China Sea (Luh Gede, et al 2022). There is a clash of diplomacy cultures between ASEAN with the "ASEAN Way" which upholds the principles of non-intervention and consensus and China with direct diplomacy efforts to related countries. (Ali Maksum 2017) The need for a large role from the government to make new, firmer policies to increase the strength of the sovereignty of the Republic of Indonesia. (Atikah, et al 2021) The importance of peace diplomacy efforts at the bilateral, regional level can be focused on efforts to resolve the South China Sea dispute. (Yuli, et al 2021) The need for China to respect the decision of the Permanent Court of Arbitration (PCA) so that it can be resolved in a peaceful manner. (Dessy, et al 2018). This research will focus on (1) What types of violations of state sovereignty committed by China over the South China Sea claims and (2) How dispute resolution efforts can be taken by the South China Sea region countries and the UN according to UNCLOS 1982. This research method adopts quantitative and qualitative research methods from various social sciences and sees legal issues as a social event. The results in this study show that the dispute over the South China Sea region between China and the country sliced by the Nine Dash Line map still does not show a bright spot and the existing disputes will continue to recur and develop over time due to differences in principles between the parties to the dispute. On the one hand, China sticks to historical theory, while other countries that are sliced also use historical theory which is also accompanied by the determination of territorial boundaries contained in UNCLOS 1982. In this case, good faith between countries is needed by making mediation efforts in order to reach a peaceful agreement. However, if this is still deemed unable to resolve the existing dispute, then another step that can be used is through the decision of the International Court of Justice (ICJ)
Human Rights Violations and Alleged Crimes War in the Russian-Ukraine Conflict
Get PDFThis research aims to examine human rights violations and alleged war crimes during Russia's invasion of Ukraine. The conflict between Russia and Ukraine occurred because they fought over the Crimea region, Eastern Ukraine. Crimea has been contested for centuries. Crimea was formerly called Tauris or Tavrida, by the Russian people this region is considered the home of various ethnic groups. This conflict between Ukraine and Russia caused many casualties and major damage to physical infrastructure in Ukraine. Russia's actions in the Crimea region have received various criticisms from the European Union and western countries. Russia has intervened in Ukraine and carried out acts of aggression into the Crimea region. The European Union and Western countries condemned Russia's actions as violating the rules of international law. The aim of this research is to determine human rights violations and alleged war crimes in the Russia-Ukraine conflict as well as forms of accountability and sanctions for human rights violations. The research method used is a normative juridical type with a statutory and conceptual approach supported by primary and secondary legal materials. The results of this research show that the United Nations demands that Russia stop its power against Ukraine. Russia, which is involved in the conflict, must comply with the rules and provisions of International Law, which is the only way to resolve Russia's dispute with Ukraine peacefully.
Keywords: Russia-Ukraine; Human Rights Violations; War Crimes
Regulatory Disruption of Online Business Licensing (A Case Study of Legal and Ethical Challenges)
Get PDFRegulatory Disruption in Online Business Licensing has become a major subject in the modern legal and ethical landscape. The study highlights emerging regulatory challenges related to online business licensing, examining the impact of such disruptions on legal arrangements and emerging ethical issues. The cases discussed illustrate the complexities faced in adapting regulations to the dynamics of online business, including data privacy issues, transaction security, and consumer protection. Legal challenges include adapting regulations to technological innovation, while ethical challenges highlight openness, honesty, and protection of individual rights in an evolving online business environment. By analyzing the impact of disruption on online business licensing regulations, this study aims to identify solutions and approaches that can consider and balance legal and ethical aspects in regulating today's digital business world. This research uses a qualitative approach which is also intended to collect and utilize and distribute all information related to the subject matter raised
Reconciling Environment and Development: Legal Transformation in the Job Creation Law Through a Green Constitution
Get PDFThis research examines the compatibility of the Job Creation Law with the principles of the green constitution in the context of environmental protection and people's constitutional rights. The Job Creation Law was born to accelerate investment and simplify regulations. This raises concerns about the potential decline in environmental quality. This research uses a normative legal approach and literature analysis to identify the impact of the Job Creation Law on the environment and its integration with the green constitution. The discussion shows that the Job Creation Law tends to neglect environmental protection, reducing the role of state oversight and public participation. The results of this study emphasize the need for policy revision to integrate the principle of environmental sustainability in the legal framework of economic development. Public participation is also key to the success of sustainable environmental protection. This is because the people who will be directly affected by environmental changes are the people. Policy development that integrates sustainable principles in all aspects of economic development without sacrificing the environment.
Keywords: Environmental Protection; Green Constitution; Job Creation Law; Sustainable Development
Implementasi Ice Breaking untuk Meningkatkan Konsentrasi Belajar Pada Siswa Kelas 3B MI Muhammadiyah 28 Surabaya
Get PDFVarious problems occur in the learning process in the classroom at an early age, such as the concentration of students in learning is still low, mostly students cannot answer the teacher's questions and the method used by the teacher is only limited to lecture and question and answer methods. Learning model become a vehicle for educational interaction between teachers and students in learning activities teach, then one way to growing student concentration is by inserting ice breaking in the learning process whose purpose is to arouse enthusiasm is also interesting re-concentration as well as student attention. This study used descriptive qualitative method. This data collection technique uses interview techniques, observation, and documentation. The focus of this research is how to implement Ice Breaking in increasing the Learning Concentration of Class Students 3B MI Muhammadiyah 28 Surabaya and what are the inhibiting and supporting factors in the implementation of Ice Breaking in MI Muhammadiyah 28 Surabaya the conclusion that can be drawn is that the Application of Ice Breaking with the quiz method with prizes really helps students in increasing concentration during learning takes place because they do not feel pressured and make them feel happy with the Ice Breaking method in Learning. In terms of support, students are more prepared to do learning and understand more quickly than not using ice breaker during the learning processBerbagai masalah terjadi pada proses pembelajaran di kelas pada jenjang usia dini, seperti konsentrasi siswa dalam pembelajaran masih rendah, sebagian besar siswa tidak dapat menjawab pertanyaan guru dan metode yang digunakan guru hanya terbatas pada metode ceramah dan tanya jawab. Model pembelajaran menjadi wahana interaksi edukasi antara guru dengan siswa dalam kegiatan belajar mengajar, Maka salah satu cara untuk menumbuhkan konsentrasi siswa ialah dengan menyelipkan ice breaking dalam proses pembelajaran yang tujuannya untuk membangkitkan semangat juga menarik kembali konsentrasi juga perhatian siswa. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif. Teknik pengambilan data ini menggunakan teknik wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Fokus penelitian ini adalah bagaimana implementasi Ice Breaking dalam meningkatkan Konsentrasi Belajar Siswa kelas 3B MI Muhammadiyah 28 Surabaya dan apa saja faktor penghambat dan pendukung dalam pelaksanaan Ice Breaking di MI Muhammadiyah 28 Surabaya kesimpulan yang di dapat adalah Penerapan Ice Breaking dengan metode kuis berhadiah sangat membantu siswa dalam meningkatkan konsentrasi pada saat pembelajaran berlangsung karena mereka tidak merasa tertekan dan membuat mereka merasa senang dengan adanya metode Ice Breaking dalam Pembelajaran Faktor Penghambat dan pendukung dalam melaksanakan ice breaking yaitu penghambatnya siswa lebih berfokus dengan ice breakingnya saja tanpa memahami materi yang disampaikan oleh gurunya, dari segi pendukungnya siswa lebih siap melakukan pembelajaran dan lebih cepat mengerti dari pada tidak memakai ice breaking saat proses pembelajaran berlangsun
Kekerasan dalam Pengasuhan Bagi Anak Pekerja Migran
No full textThe research problem is how much violence in the care of migrant workers' children. The research method used is quantitative. The data in the study are in the form of numbers. The instrument used to collect data is a questionnaire. The research site is a community of migrant workers in Malaysia. Data collection was carried out on October 13, 2023. Analysis using descriptive statistics. The results of the analysis are presented in graphical form. The results showed that 82% of migrant workers' children had experienced violence in care. 54% of perpetrators of violence are mothers. 63% of the cause of violence is the condition of parents tired of working. 36% of forms of violence were pinching and anger. 59% of the impact of violence was trauma.
keywords: child migrant workers, violencemasalah penelitian adalah seberapa besar kekerasan dalam pengasuhan anak pekerja migran. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kuantitatif. Data dalam penelitian berbentuk angka. Instrumen yang digunakan untuk mengumpulkan data adalah angket. Tempat penelitian adalah komunitas pekerja migran di Malaysia. Pengambilan data dilakukan pada 13 Oktober 2023. Analisis menggunakan statistik deskriptif. Hasil analisis disajikan dalam bentuk grafik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan 82% anak pekerja migran pernah mengalami tindak kekerasan dalam pengasuhan. 54% pelaku tindak kekerasan adalah ibu. 63% penyebab tindak kekerasan adalah kondisi orang tua lelah bekerja. 36% bentuk tindak kekerasan adalah cubitan dan kemarahan. 59% dampak tindak kekerasan adalah trauma.
Katakunci: anak pekerja migran, kekerasa
The Relationship Between Prostate Volume and IPSS Score in BPH Patient at the Siti Khodijah Muhammadiyah Cabang Sepanjang Hospital
Get PDFBenign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH) is the growth of non-malignant cells or hyperplasia of prostate tissue which causes LUTS in men. One system to assess the symptoms of obstruction due to prostate enlargement is the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS). Prostate volume is performed to check the progress of BOO (Bladder Outlet Obstruction) using Transabdominal Ultrasound. This research is an analytical observational study with a prospective cohort method. The sample selection in this research applied consecutive sampling techniques using predetermined inclusion and exclusion criteria. The number of samples used was 30 patients in the period between November 2022 and April 2023. The results showed that the prostate volume in grade II was 46.7%, while for grade I was 33.3% and grade III was 20%. For the results of the IPSS, the moderate category was 76.7%, with mild and severe IPSS scores are 10% and 13.3%. The Spearman test results showed that the p-value was 0.006 <0.05, the value of r = 0.486, and the correlation coefficient was positive, which means that there is a fairly strong relationship between prostate volume and IPSS score in BPH patients at the Siti Khodijah Muhammadiyah Cabang Sepanjang Hospital
THE INFLUENCE OF BRAND IMAGE AND PRICE PERCEPTION ON CUSTOMER LOYALTY MEDIATED BY CUSTOMER SATISFACTION (Study of Samsung Smartphone Users among Students in Surabaya)
Get PDFMature This all line in the world already is at in the era of digitalization . Digital technology does not only used For industry needs but also become primary human needs as tool For communicate even For Work . So that need will tool telecommunication specifically product smartphones are one of them high demand _ on the market . Marketing management research This want to test and see How level loyalty Samsung users as the best- selling smartphone product on the market specifically among students in Surabaya . Research purposes This is For know Satisfaction customer as variable mediation between image brand and perception price to loyalty customer . Research methods used _ is method quantitative , with a sample of students in Surabaya who use Samsung smartphones . Research result This that satisfaction customer influential significant in mediate between image brand and perception price to loyalty customer