24067 research outputs found
Sort by
The South Dakota State Geography Convention: A Unique Educational Opportunity and Event
Get PDFThe South Dakota State Geography (SDSU) Convention, held annually at South Dakota State University in Brookings, is indeed a unique educational opportunity and event. The faculty of the Department of Geography at SDSU believe that the convention makes major contributions to the discipline, the state of South Dakota and community of Brookings, the university, and particularly to the Department of Geography and its students. This student planned and conducted convention affords students an outstanding educational opportunity. The convention has evolved over a period of fifteen years and continues to grow and change as the program adapts to new opportunities and challenges. The model can and should be duplicated elsewhere to serve students and to enhance the stature of geography and geographic learning at other colleges and universities. The evolution and changes of the convention during its fifteen year history are described with the hope that our experience will be of value to other educational planners
Land Use Related Adjustments to Aquifer Depletion in Southwestern Kansas
Get PDFFrom prairie to wheat field, the historical transformation of the Kansas landscape has been dramatic. The contributions to this transformation have been based on many factors including new grain varieties, irrigation technology, and other resource converting-space adjusting techniques. In Western Kansas in particular, with inadequate precipitation (14 to 16 inches average from AprilSeptember) for high yield intensive cropland agriculture, the structure of land transformation has been strongly influenced by the availability of water for irrigation. Since surface sources are negligible, groundwater from the Ogallala Aquifer is the critical source for irrigation water. With the dramatic increase in land area irrigated in Western Kansas, water for irrigation now accounts for 80 percent of the total groundwater use (Figure 1). Associated with the increased demand for groundwater has been a decline in groundwater levels. Western Kansas is essentially mining its groundwater resource since water is being pumped from the Ogallala faster than the formation is recharging. Water is currently being pumped from the Ogallala formation at an estimated forty to fifty times the rate of replenishment. The result has been a drop in the water table of one to five feet per year in the last twenty years.\u2
A Method for Describing the Problem of Physician Distrbution in Rural AreasRalph Ekwall
Get PDFIn recent years much attention has been given to the problem of physician shortage and physician maldistribution. The first is controversial and not all the experts believe that it exists except as a part of the maldistribution problem. There is a fundamental agreement that a problem of maldistribution exists. The general nature of the problem is that physicians are distributed too densely in small cities and large city suburbs and too sparsely in the inner city and rural areas. It is not the intent of this presentation to offer a solution to the problem, but to offer a method for a better analysis and definition of physician distribution in rural areas so that when solutions are formulated, they will reflect a more exact definition and analysis of the proble
The Influence of High and Low Pressure Systems on Hurricane Movement as Seen over North America
Get PDFillustrate one of the many atmospheric controls that influence the trajectories, speed, and intensity of hurricanes. The article developed as an exercise aimed at viewing the impact of welldeveloped high pressure cells on well-developed low pressure systems. The hurricane is used as the model of the well-developed low pressure system, because it is compact, mobile, and well-defined. Thus, the relationships between low pressure and high pressure systems can best be documented, isolated, and studied using hurricanes as the model. It is important that the reader understand that past research has identified many controls affecting the movements and velocities of hurricanes, e.g. the jet stream, temperatures of ocean water, upperlevel disturbances, etc. There are several good sources the reader might consult for further indentification of these guidance systems, for example: G.W. Cry, Tropical Cyclones of the North Atlantic, Tracks and Frequencies of Hurricanes and Tropical Storms, 1871·1963 Technical Paper No. 55, U.S. Weather Bureau, 1965, and J.R. Hope, and C.J. Neilmann, An Operational Tecnique for Relating the Movement of Existing Tropical Cyclones to Past Tracks, Monthly Weather Review, Vol. 98,197
Bicycling: A Review, A Pilot Study and Planning Implications
Get PDFBicycling is a growing activity. It provides both a form of exercise and a means of transportation. Recent estimates indicate there are over 85 million bicycle users in the United States.\u27 Renewed interest in bicycling has occurred in the last ten years.\u27 Some of the major reasons for the growth in bicycling include the revival of social acceptability of adult bicycling, the emphasis on the need for exercise, the greater availability of leisure time, the provision of bike ways and a response to the energy crisis . The growth of bicycling, however, has caused some crucial concerns. Two of the more important concerns are safety and security. From 1961-1971, the number of deaths involving bicyclists rose seventy percent, wh ile motor veh icle deaths increased forty-four percent.3 In these same years, the largest increase in deaths and casualties occurred among the 2544 age group. Even though bicycle ways are being developed, the concern still persists.-A second major concern is security. Last year, the American Automobile Association estimated over a half million bicycles were stolen in the United States.s These thefts accounted for seventeen percent of all the larcenies, or three times the rate of any other larceny committed in the United States
GC-074 Real-Time Object Detection
Get PDFThis project explores the implementation of real-time object detection using the You Only Look Once (YOLO) architecture. Leveraging its speed and accuracy, we developed a system capable of identifying and localizing multiple objects within live video streams. Our implementation focused on optimizing YOLO\u27s performance for real-time applications, specifically addressing the trade-off between speed and accuracy. We employed a pre-trained YOLO model and fine-tuned it on a custom dataset tailored to specific object classes. This fine-tuning process aimed to enhance the model\u27s ability to recognize objects in our target environment. The system was implemented using Python and the OpenCV library, enabling seamless integration with camera input and real-time video processing. Performance was evaluated based on frames per second (FPS), mean Average Precision (mAP), and detection latency. Results demonstrate the system\u27s capability to achieve high FPS, facilitating real-time object detection, while maintaining acceptable mAP for accurate object recognition. This project showcases the practicality of YOLO for applications requiring fast and reliable object detection, such as surveillance, autonomous driving, and robotics
GRM-081 Evaluation of hand-crafted features with mask images obtained from PanNuke dataset using Bayesian optimization and machine learning models
Get PDFSemantic image segmentation enables computing systems to understand the semantic patterns of image pixels by using deep learning models to classify the pixels into specific labels. The deep-learning models’ performance in image classification has been evaluated by comparing the predicted images using deep-learned features with human-labeled images or mask images. However, there remains a substantial need to investigate the performance of machine learning models that do not use deep learned features but use hand-crafted features. In this project, we perform a comprehensive evaluation of the performance of the eight machine learning models using 46 hand-crafted features extracted from the PanNuke dataset including 5,179 hematoxylin and eosin images with 161,739 cell nuclei, by optimizing feature selection through Bayesian optimization. The evaluation results indicate that the ensemble learning-based models achieve higher performance compared to others across precision, recall, f1-score, and accuracy
GRM-083 Leveraging Graph Attention Networks and BERT for Robotic Surgery Report Generation
Get PDFThis project focuses on generating surgical reports from robotic surgery videos by leveraging graph-based representations of instrument-tissue interactions. We utilize Graph Attention Networks (GAT) to model these interactions, which are then integrated into a BERT-based language model for caption generation. Our approach enhances the accuracy of automated surgical reporting by capturing spatial and relational dependencies within surgical scenes. The model is evaluated on the Robotic Instrument Segmentation dataset from the 2018 MICCAI Endoscopic Vision Challenge(Endovis-18) and TORS surgery dataset, achieving high performance across multiple metrics, including BLEU-n, Cider, and ROUGE scores. By automating report generation, this study aims to assist healthcare professionals in improving post-surgical care, optimizing procedural efficiency, and enhancing decision-making in robotic-assisted surgeries
GRM-093 Advances in Non-Invasive Glucose Sensing: A Comprehensive In Vitro Analysis
Get PDFThis study explores non-invasive glucose sensing using infrared (IR) imaging and electrical measurements in an in-vitro setup. Glucose samples (70–200 mg/dL) were prepared by diluting concentrated solutions (700–2000 mg/dL) 1:10 in synthetic blood concentrate, with 2 mg/dL increments. A custom 3D-printed black cuvette holder ensured consistent alignment of components, including either an IR camera or a 1550 nm photodiode, light sources (850 nm LED/laser, 808 nm, 650 nm, or 1600 nm), and a 3 mm skin-mimicking silicone layer. A Region Based Convolutional Neural Network (RCNN) trained on IR images achieved the lowest RMSE of 10.98 mg/dL at 850 nm LED. A Random Forest model using the recorded-to-baseline voltage ratio yielded an R² of 0.786, RMSE of 17.62 mg/dL, and MAE of 14.05 mg/dL. Clarke Error Grid analysis confirmed clinical relevance