LAUTECH Journal of Engineering and Technology (LAUJET)
Not a member yet
571 research outputs found
Sort by
DESIGN AND FABRICATION OF A LOW-COST CENTRIFUGAL HONEY EXTRACTOR
Get PDFThe traditional and screw press techniques were adopted and utilized extensively by Nigerian honey producers and these have led to the absence of a good quality and timely produced honey devoid of foreign materials and marketable by international standard. Ample information from literature survey showed that the Langstroth hive which is beyond the reach of common Nigerian bee farmer due to its high cost. A 750 W indigenous centrifugal honey extractor was developed using locally sourced materials.. The machine was tested at extraction speed levels of 272, 287, 351, 1445, 1730, 2300 and 2575 rpm. Quantifiable extractions were obtained at all speed levels except at a speed of 2575 rpm where a vicious crushed extract of honey and comb was observed. High speed extraction was not favorable as it resulted in the destruction of the honey comb. Honey extracted at the two lower speeds of 272 and 287 rpm were found to be purer with less foreign materials and of high quality. This indigenous centrifugal honey extractor is also favorable for extraction of honey from other types of hives apart from the Langstroth hive and is marketable
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF TWO BIOMETRIC ACCESS CONTROL SYSTEMS
Get PDFThis paper compared two Biometric Access Control Systems (BACS). The BACSs employed iris pattern for their authentication. Fast Fourier Transform-driven Access Control System (FACS) uses global iris features while Haar Wavelet Transform-driven Access Control System (HACS) uses local iris features for its template generation. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was employed to select principal components of the extracted features (local and global). Fuzzy clustering was used for classification and Euclidean Distance (ED) as the distance metric. Experimental result showed that it took more time to train the HACS than FACS because of its intrinsic location in the iris images. It was discovered that global features driven Access Control System (FACS) with EER being 7.78 outperformed the local features driven Access Control System (HACS) with EER of 8.05. Though the two systems satisfied the benchmark of 80% for Recognition Accuracy (RA) of Biometric Systems, FACS exhibited RA of 89.87% while HACS achieved a RA of 83.83% when tested on iris images captured with CMITECH DMX-10 Portable USB 5.0 M pixel CCD Iris Camera at automatic convenient eye distances. Performance of global and local features on other biometric recognition systems can be tested and a means of combining the two features for hybridization can also be sought
DEVELOPMENT OF A MOBILE BASED DIABETES RETINOPATHY DETECTION SYSTEM
Get PDFDiabetes Retinopathy is a common retinal complication associated with diabetes. It is a major cause of blindness in the world most especially developing countries like Nigeria, which shares the largest percentage in Africa. Therefore early detection will be highly beneficial in effectively controlling the progress of the disease. The focus of this paper is to solve the problems of inadequate number of specialist who can handle growing number of people afflicted with the disease; and unavailability of mobile device that can aid early detection of diabetes retinopathy disease. Hence, in this paper a Mobile based Diabetes Retinopathy Detection System was developed to make it available for the masses for early detection of the disease
SYNTHESIS, CHARACTERISATION AND ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITIES OF MIXED LIGAND NICKEL(II),COPPER(II) AND ZINC(II) COMPLEXES OF BENZALDEHYDE WITH 1,10-PHENANTHROLINE, 2,2?-BIPYRIDINE AND ETHYLENEDIAMINE
Get PDFNickel(II), copper(II) and zinc(II) mixed ligand complexes of benzaldehyde with 1,10-phenanthroline, 2,2?-bipyridine and ethylenediamine have been synthesised and characterised by metal analysis, infrared spectroscopy, electronic spectra studies, magnetic susceptibility measurement and antimicrobial activities. The infrared spectra of the complexes confirmed the coordination through the carbonyl oxygen of the benzaldehyde while the electronic transitions are consistent with the adoption of octahedral geometry for all the synthesised complexes. The magnetic moment of the synthesised complexes suggested that all the complexes were paramagnetic except Zn(II) complex which was diamagnetic. The microbial susceptibility testing showed that the copper complexes had stronger antibacterial and antifungal activity than nickel and zinc complexes. Notably, [Cu(Bz)2Bipy(NO3)2] and [Ni(Bz)2(phen)Cl2].H2O showed no antifungal activity
APPLICATIONS OF ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORKS AND GENETIC ALGORITHMS IN DRYING OF FRUITS AND VEGETABLES : A REVIEW
Get PDFoai:ojs2.laujet.com:article/1Fruits and vegetables play an important role in the diet of human beings and economic development of a country. They are cheapest and most available sources of important proteins, vitamins, minerals and essential amino acids. Considering the perishable nature of fruits and vegetables it is necessary to preserve them and drying is one such method to do it. The drying of fruits and vegetables is a complex operation that demands much energy and time. Due to this complexity, the use of drying mathematical models in estimating the drying kinetics, the behaviour and the energy needed in the drying of fruits and vegetables becomes indispensable. Numerous mathematical models, empirical and semi-empirical, have been proposed to estimate the drying characteristics of fruits and vegetables. But these models are generally solutions of simultaneous heat and mass transfer differential equations and the ?nal result may be very complicated and dif?cult to use in actual drying systems. This article present a comprehensive review on the applications of artificial neural networks and genetic algorithms in drying of fruits and vegetables. The paper starts with the drying of fruits and vegetables, the introduction of basic theoretical knowledge of ANN and GA. Then summarize their application on modeling, predicting, and optimization of heat and mass transfer, thermodynamic performance parameters, and quality indicators as well as physicochemical properties of dried fruits and vegetables. Conclusively, opportunities and limitations of ANN and GA technique in are outlined to provide more ideas for research and development in this field
EFFECT OF COMPACTION DELAY ON THE STRENGTH OF CEMENT STABILISED LATERITIC SOIL
Get PDFSoil stabilisation is a major technique in enhancing the engineering properties of Lateritic soil. There is need to investigate the effect of scenarios when there is elapsed time between when the soil-cement is mixed and when it is spread and compacted. Therefore, this study focussed on the influence of this compaction delay on the engineering properties of cement-stabilised lateritic soil. The lateritic soil was stabilised with 1.5, 3.0, 4.5 and 6.0% cement by weight of soil. The mixture of the soil-cement was left for elapsed time of 1, 3, and 5 h. The natural, stabilised and the stabilised soils with compaction delay were subjected to Sieve analysis, LL, PL. BSL, WAS and AASHTO compaction, UCS and CBR tests. The natural soil was suitable for highway construction except for base course. The MDD of the stabilised soil decrease while the MDD, UCS and CBR increase with increase in cement content. The optimal cement content for the A-2-4(0) soil is 4.5% and the effect of the compaction delay was more prominent after 2 h elapsed time
DEVELOPMENT OF A GROUND-BASED MODEL FOR REMOTE CROP CONDITION MONITORING SYSTEM
Get PDFAgricultural activity is not only one of the basic activities of the human society, but also the premise for the development of human society. Besides, it has close relation with the development and stabilization of nowadays society. It is of great significance to monitor the growth level of crops in order to obtain crop condition information at early stages in the crop growing season thereby, resulting into a good and quality product at the point of harvest, hence improve food security. This paper develops a ground-based model for remote crop condition monitoring system using the Arduino platform. Considering temperature – a major factor that affects the growth of crops and destruction of farm products by pests, animals or objects. This model was designed to sound an alarm when temperature rises beyond 400C or approaching 00C or when a destructive object is detected. The model uses electronic devices like the breadboard, Arduino board, Ultrasonic sensor, Liquid Crystal, Display, Piezo Buzzer and the LM35 temperature sensor. For the purpose of simulation, the model circuit was fabricated using the Proteus Design Suite software. The operation of the model is designed and tested using the Arduino software
GENETIC DIVERSITY AMONG FULANI AND YORUBA ECOTYPE OF NIGERIA INDIGENOUS CHICKEN IN THE DERIVED SAVANNAH ZONE USING MICROSATELLITE MARKERS
Get PDFGenetic diversity of two different populations of Nigeria Native chickens of was examined by means of microsatellite markers. The populations studied are Fulani Ecotype Chickens (FEC) and Yoruba Ecotype Chickens (YEC). Five di-nucleotide microsatellite markers were investigated to study the genetic diversity and population structure of the two ecotypes. All microsatellite examined were polymorphic across the two populations. A total of 62 alleles were detected across the five loci examined with 32 alleles found in Fulani Ecotype Chicken (FEC) and 30 allele found in Yoruba Ecotype Chickens (YEC). The number of alleles ranged from 4-8 in FEC and 4-10 in YEC. The mean number of alleles (MNA) across all the microsatellite was 6.2 0.696 across the population. While the mean number per population are 6.4 0.784 in FEC and 6.0 1.265 in FEC and YEC respectively. Highest number of allele was found in loci LEI0094 and MCW0216 in FEC and locus LEI0094 in YEC. Private alleles were found in loci LEI0094, ADL0268, MCW0216 and MCW0248 in both populations. The observed heterozygosity (Ho) was between 0.277 to 0.809 in FEC and 0.383 to 0.660 in YEC while the expected heterozygosity (He) was between 0.392 to 0.670 in FEC and 0.290 to 0.727 in YEC. Fis, Fit and Fst of the two populations ranged between -0.051 to 0.0105, -0.043 to 0.110 and 0.003 to 0.008 for respectively across the loci. The percentage of variation among population was 8% while among individual and within individual was 91% and 1% respectively. Nei’s Genetic distance between the two populations (0.015), based on (UPGMA) the two populations are classified as being genetically close to each other. Genetic diversity across the two populations is high. There is low level of genetic differentiation between the two populations which showed absence of clear sub structuring of Nigeria indigenous Chickens from derived savannah zone
REVIEW OF THE AERODYNAMICS AND PARTICLE DYNAMICS FOR COFFEE SEPARATION
Get PDFThe importance of agriculture in mitigating the effects of overdependence on crude oil export to boost Nigeria economy cannot be overemphasized. Coffee is an important foreign exchange earner and Nigeria has vast potential to resuscitate production, processing and export. An important first step to earn a premium on coffee is to ensure quality post-harvest practices which include cleaning sorting and classification which at present is either lacking or inadequate, given the poor price coffee of Nigeria origin currently attracts. This study reviewed a few notable research works on the aerodynamic of coffee and other notable works on its particle dynamics and related studies in agriculture. The subject of particle dynamics for coffee separation was lacking, hence the need to undertake detailed study on the subject the outcome of which would be to obtain particle trajectories of coffee beans and components as a basis to select the dimensions of a cross flow system to classify coffee beans which is a major requirement in coffee trade worldwide
AN ASSESSMENT OF HOUSEHOLD SOLID WASTE RECOVERY AND UTILIZATION IN IBADAN: CASE STUDY OF IBADAN NORTH LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA
Get PDFThis work aims to assess household solid wastes based on recovery and utilization within three different income groups of Ibadan North local government area and investigate the management system. Ibadan north local government was divided into three groups based on income generation. Household Solid Wastes generated on daily basis were sampled from each section. The average Household Solid Wastes (HSW) generation for the high income group, was 0.62kg/head/day, 0.34kg/head/day for medium income group and 0.24kg/head/day for low income group respectively. While the recoverable wastes were found to consist of 21.5, 38.8, 25.8, and 13.9% respectively for paper, plastic/rubber, nylon and metal/tin wastes. The utilization percentage were, 20% paper wastes, 5.8% plastic/rubber wastes, 1.7% nylon wastes and 6.7% metal/tin wastes among all three income groups. Extent of utilization to that of recoverable wastes was substantially low when compared with the total composition of waste in all the groups that cannot be reused and recovered. Hence, this indicates that a larger quantity of recoverable waste goes directly from household to landfill unrecovered. As a result, efforts should be made to recover all the recyclable wastes which would be made easier through sorting of wastes before disposal, as this will go a long way in reducing the quantity of wastes that goes into landfill