LAUTECH Journal of Engineering and Technology (LAUJET)
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POWER FACTOR CORRECTION USING STATIC CAPACITOR: A CASE STUDY OF NIGERIAN 330KV GRID SYSTEM
Get PDFThis paper work is concerned with the power factor correction using static capacitor being a case study of Nigerian 330kV Grid System. The research involves collection of various data relevant to the study from National Control Centre (NCC), Osogbo. The analysis is limited to the generator buses that have low power factors. Presented in this paper work is also the mathematical modeling of equations involving system monthly and annual savings. Simulations were done using MATLAB software package. The value of the static capacitor adopted and injected in each of the generator buses is 30kVar which is within the acceptable range of 25kVar to 40kVar. Where low power factors were noticed at the generator bus, static capacitor is injected to correct the low power factors especially at those buses. Typical examples are buses 2 (Jebba), 3 (Shiroro), 4 (Sapele), 5 (Delta) and 6 (Afam). The injection of static capacitor further leads to reduction in the load current in each of the generator buses and consequently, an increase in the system annual savings
INFLUENCE OF WEB SURFING ON UNDERGRADUATES’ STUDYING IN TERTIARY INSTITUTIONS
Get PDFUndergraduates are now bereft of the ability to read; rather they devote more time to social networking. Studying literatures and documents in an unobtrusive, quiet place of a reading room or house is becoming the most out-dated notion to many university students. However, as studying is essential, an obvious minor alteration may produce severe consequences. The study, therefore, examined works from several fields on the technical, communal, developmental, and neuro-scientific influences of web surfing on the reading culture of evolving undergraduates, particularly in the Nigerian context. A descriptive quantitative method was used to study the influence of the web surfing on the educational well-being of the students of the University of Ibadan. In total, 154 participants from three faculties of the institution took part in the study. Results indicated that only academic-oriented Internet utilization contributes to better academic performance with the significance value of 0.001 while the social and recreational function of the internet would hinder the achievement of a better academic result. Also, there were significant differences between Internet use and gender, the web use and age groups, and the Internet use and institutions in Nigeria. The application of the web for leisure and common purpose may hamper the reading culture of students, especially those in tertiary institutions. Therefore, the government, teachers, parents and concerned parties should cooperate and collaborate to minimize using the web for unproductive social and recreational purposes
DESIGN OF A CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK FOR A MEDICAL TELE-MANAGEMENT SYSTEM (MTMS) IN RESOURCE-CONSTRAINED SETTINGS
Get PDFMedical tele-management is an emerging field of study in tele-health that proposes an interactive and proactive disease management approach which combines tele-monitoring and tele-consultation services through an information and communications technology (ICT) supported partnership. It is aimed at minimizing the burden of health management both for the patient and physician, especially in developing countries. However, existing solutions in form of systems and frameworks exist singly either as tele-monitoring or tele-consultation systems and majorly in developed countries with dedicated and adequate ICT resources and infrastructure. Hence, this paper presents the design of a Medical Tele-Management System (MTMS) which serves as a framework that combines both tele-monitoring and tele-consultation services within an information and communication technology resource-constrained setting.
 
REDUCING STRESS-RELATED ISSUES FOR LOCAL WEAVERS IN ILORIN, NIGERIA: AN ANTHROPOMETRIC APPROACH
No full textLocal weaving is an occupation of making a local type of clothing in the South Western and some part of North-central Nigeria called “aso-òkè” using local methods of weaving. This method is an age-long one, which persist until today. Data were obtained from 80 male local weavers in Ilorin, Nigeria and analyzed statistically. Standard dimensions of an ergonomic chair that will help ease the disorder and stress-related injuries and illnesses experienced by these workers were obtained using a traditional method. The 95th percentile values of the Popliteal Height (HP), Heap Breath (HB) and Sitting Shoulder Height (SSH) of the local weavers used in the study were 46.17 cm, 41.8 cm and 60.2 cm respectively, and their respective mean age, mean weight and mean height were 25.8 years, 60.4 kg and 168.94 cm
ANALYTICAL-NUMERICAL METHOD FOR SOLVING NONLINEAR DYNAMICAL SYSTEMS
Get PDFThis paper investigates the analytical-numerical method for solving nonlinear dynamical systems. The governing equation of partial differential equation of order four was transformed to Ordinary differential equation using analytical method. The finite difference method was used to transform the approximate governing equation. It was shown from the graph of deflection against distance that the deflection increases as the value of distance increases and also shown from the graph of deflection against time that the deflection increases with increase in time. The result is in agreement with the existing result
EFFECTS OF REPLACING INCANDESCENT BULB WITH COMPACT FLUORESCENT LAMP (CFL) IN ELECTRIC POWER SYSTEM
Get PDFThe clamour to replace the high wattage linear load with energy saving non-linear loads is on the increase. However, side effect of such replacement needs thorough analysis before the full implementation. This study presented the effect of replacing incandescent bulbs with compact fluorescent lamp on harmonic distortion in a model building estimated to require 28 incandescent lamps for lighting. All the incandescent lamps were first switched on and set of readings taken with the waveform. Two of the lamps were replaced with compact fluorescent lamp (CFL) and measurement repeated. The process was repeated until only CFLs were now left to obtain fifteen set of readings. Parameters measured include total harmonic distortion (THD), crest factor, root means square and peak values of both voltage and current. The equipment used was power and harmonic analyzer. The result showed that the THD and CF increased from 1.5% and 1.412 with only linear loads to 100% and 3.045 with only CFL respectively. The waveforms from analyzer’s screen show a highly distorted waveform with only CFLs. The various stakeholders in power industries need this information for proper planning and policy to regulate the influx of CFLs and other non-linear devices and to mitigate their impacts in the existing weak electric power system
DYNAMIC RESPONSE OF RAYLEIGH BEAM ON WINKLER FOUNDATION SUBJECTED TO PARTIALLY DISTRIBUTED MOVING LOAD
Get PDFDynamic response of Euler-Bernoulli beam subjected to concentrated moving load was investigated in this paper. The governing equation of fourth order partial differential equation was reduced to an ordinary differential equation using Series solution. The reduced second order differential equation was then solved using finite difference method. Numerical result was presented and it is found that the dynamic response of the beam initially moves in a steady state before deflecting and the deflected amplitude increases as the axial force, distance covered by the load, Mass of the load, speed at which the load moves increases but decreases as the length of the load, coefficient of the foundation increases. This study also conclude that R0 has no/little effects on the structure of the beam
EVALUATION OF RESIDENTIAL-BASED ARCHITECTURAL FIRM FACILITIES TOWARDS REDESIGNING: A CASE STUDY OF SOUTH WEST NIGERIA
Get PDFThe issue of home-based offices in architectural practices has become a new trend in Nigeria. Unfortunately, most of the residences available for such practices are not purpose-built. This development opened up new challenges to the personal and professional lives of Architects. The study thus assessed the facilities currently available for use to serve both the home and office with a view to evolving a purpose-built building facility for the home-office architectural practice. Cross-sectional survey design was adopted. Purposive sampling method was used to select the 6 capital cities in South-West Nigeria due to concentration of architectural firms there. Additionally, snow-ball approach was employed to identify 72 Architects and 78 intending Architects in the 65 practicing firms. Results revealed that 62% operated out of private homes built exclusively for dwelling with 40% being detached bungalow house types with the highest room numbers, 47% being within 5 to 6 rooms while 40% served primarily as architectural firms. 57% of members of staff would prefer to stay for work overnight, while 43% currently do not. There are different forms of offices based on preference and include; the home offices, the virtual offices, co-working spaces, rental offices and leased offices. The study also gathered that though the residential facilities available for use were good enough, they were not adequate for professional practice. The study concluded that there is need for proper functional space planning to facilitate bonds and enhance effectiveness in the practice
ASSESSMENT OF CHEMICAL AND ANTINUTRITIONAL PROPERTIES OF BREAKFAST MEAL PREPARED FROM BLENDS OF BANANA AND AFRICAN YAM BEAN
Get PDFBanana (Musa sapientus) and African yam bean (Sphenostylis stenocarpa) are nutritional food sources that are valuable industrially even in consideration for a balanced nutrition. This research work evaluates the production of breakfast meal from blends of Banana and African yam bean (AYB). Banana and AYB were mixed in the ratio 90:10, 80:20, 70:30 and 100:0 (control) for the production of breakfast meal. Crude protein, ash, crude fiber, fat and carbohydrate content of mixtures were determined using the AOAC methods. Vitamins, minerals and anti-nutrient composition of the breakfast meal were determined using standard methods and data were analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). Sensory attributes were determined using 9-point hedonic scale by forty panelists. The results of the proximate analysis showed that protein ranged from 5.41-11.26%, fat content (1.97-4.56%), carbohydrate (72.71-79.89%), fiber (0.39-0.57%), ash (3.23-3.97%) and moisture content (7.86-8.20%). Oxalate (8.73-4.38%) decreased with increase in AYB inclusion. Tannin values ranged from 17.09-26.73% and phytate ranged from 11.59-46.77%. The sensory evaluation by the panelists shows that the product was widely accepted. Samples 100:0 and 90:10 were mostly preferred in terms of colour, texture, taste, crispiness, sweetness, flavour, appearance and general acceptability. Hence, the fortification of banana flakes with AYB can be encouraged as a breakfast meal
OPTIMIZATION OF BIODIESEL PRODUCTION PROCESS PARAMETERS OF JATROPHA CURCAS OIL USING CALCINED EGGSHELL CATALYST
Get PDFThe search for alternative sources for petroleum-based diesel fuels as led to search on a new perspective which utilizes vegetable oils and animal fats to produce biodiesel fuels as substitution to the current petroleum-based fuel.This research was aimed to study the process parameters of biodiesel production from jatropha curcas and solid base catalyst(calcium oxide from waste egg shells) for the transesterification of triglycerides with methanol. The objectives were to study the effect of catalyst dosage, methanol to oil ratio, reaction time and reaction temperature on jatropha methyl ester yield. The jatropha methyl ester known as biodiesel produced was characterized as an alternative diesel fuel. The density, flash point, viscosity, Acid number and heating value of the biodiesel were 0.8412 g/ml, 165 ? ,4.97 mm2/s, 4.18 mgKOH/g and 40.41 MJ/kg respectively. Comparisons were drawn in line with ASTM D6751 literature. Jatropha methyl ester optimum yield of 93.58% was obtained at a methanol to oil ratio 13:1, catalyst dosage 8 wt%,reaction time 60 min and reaction temperature 70 oC. Hence, biodiesel produced from jatropha oil, methanol and calcined eggshell ash can be used as renewable yet cost-effective alternative to petroleum diesel