LAUTECH Journal of Engineering and Technology (LAUJET)
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CRIME RATE PREDICTION USING THE RANDOM FOREST ALGORITHM
Get PDF An act that creates crimes punishable by law is characterized as a crime. Rape, fraud, terrorism, kidnapping, burglary, murder, and other crimes are common in Nigeria. Examples are cybercrime, bribery and corruption, robbery, money laundering, among other crimes. Crime is a harmful and widespread social issue that affects individuals all around the world. The rate of crime has risen dramatically in recent years. To cut down on crime, at any rate, law enforcements must take preventative actions. To protect society against crime, modern systems and new technologies are required. Although accurate real-time crime study is on aid in reducing crime rates, they are nonetheless useless. As crime occurrences are dependent on, this is a difficult subject for the scientific community to solve. Therefore, this paper proposes machine learning algorithm to indicate the frequency and pattern of crimes based on the data collected and to show the extent of crime in a particular region. Various visualization approaches and machine learning algorithms are used in this study to anticipate the crime distribution over a large area. In the first stage, raw datasets were processed and visualized according to the requirements. Then, to extract knowledge from these massive datasets, machine learning methods were deployed and uncover hidden patterns in the data, which were then utilized to investigate and report on crime patterns, It is beneficial to crime analysts. Investigate these crime networks using a variety of interactive crime visualizations. As a result, it is helpful in crime prevention
INVESTIGATING THE SUITABILITY OF A TWO DIMENSIONAL SMALL SIZE VERTICAL AXIS WIND TURBINE NUMERICAL MODEL
Get PDFThis paper aims at the determination of the suitability of applying a numerical model of a VAWT for research purpose. A CFD two-dimensional model was created and simulated with fluent code software while the forces and flow field data were monitored and obtained. The data were compared with the experimental data obtained from a wind tunnel test. Data comprised forces and flow field velocity of a similar sized VAWT were experimental obtained in a wind tunnel, through suitable VAWT performance measurements and particle image velocimetry techniques. The suitability procedure was initiated with a static aerofoil study that reduced five fully turbulence models to one by the comparison of the fully turbulence models against experimental data at Reynolds number of 1.35x105. The Transition SST and SST k-w models data sets of VAWT model were thereafter compared to the force and PIV experimental data of similar scaled VAWT obtained in a wind tunnel. The force and flow physics verification and validation show the Transition SST turbulence model as the most appropriate model for CFD modelling at the Reynolds numbers of 1.27x103, thus confirming that numerical methods are valuable tools that can be used in conducting research in VAWT
THE STRENGTH CHARACTERISTICS OF GLULAM AND BOLT- LAMINATED BEAM
Get PDFThis research presents the strength characteristics of Glulam and Bolted Beam timber specimens. The most common connection method in timber construction is the nail. It is imperative to explore other methods such as glue and bolt in order to avert the disadvantages of nails such as labour intensive and increase in cost. Experimental investigation was carried out on three selected Nigeria timbers; Ceiba Pentandra, Terminalia ivorensis and Tectona grandis. The specimen was prepared in sizes as either glued, bolted or solid connection. Moisture content, density, compression parallel and perpendicular to grain and flexural tests were carried out in the laboratory. The glulam beam specimen; Ceiba Pentandra, Terminalia ivorensis and Tectona grandis showed some positive potentials for application than the bolt-laminated beam connection. It was concluded that bolted connection can be improved by increasing bolt sizes and connection points
DESIGN, FABRICATION AND EVALUATION OF DIGITAL TILT TEST DEVICE
Get PDFDue to the high and fluctuating exchange rate, obtaining devices and equipment for practical demonstration of theoretical contents of engineering and applied science courses in developing countries is becoming a herculean task. To sustain the practical aspect of these courses, some of the devices have to be locally manufactured. In this study, a digital tilt test device for determining the basic friction angle and joint roughness coefficient (JRC) of rock samples was designed and fabricated using majorly local materials. Comparing the device's results with those obtained from the Profilometer, there was a satisfactory correlation between the two results. The device is much cheaper to manufacture locally than the imported onesTherefore, it is recommended that the device be used for estimating the friction angle and JRC of rock samples. Similar devices with simple mechanisms should be manufactured locally in higher institutions to reduce dependency on foreign devices, which are expensive
DEVELOPMENT OF A MODIFIED EMPIRICAL MODEL FOR NEW MOBILE RADIO NETWORK AT 28 GHZ MILLIMETER WAVE SPECTRUM
Get PDFQuality of received signal depends partly on the degree of loss the signal experiences along its path. Different models are available for network path loss (PL) prediction. The issues of poor network in some urban area need special attention especially during the deployment of 5G new radio network. It is believed that 4G and 5G networks will coexist for a very long time. 5G network will work in conjunction with the existing 4G network, and 4Gnetwork is not going away any time soon. Hence, it is important to develop a suitable model to mitigate the outcome of signal attenuation and signal interference in 5G network. This paper presented a modified particle swarm algorithm model in 4G network at 28 GHz millimeter wave spectrum. Some existing PL models are unsuitable for PL prediction in certain environments necessitating the development of an appropriate model. To achieve this, existing models and measured data were compared to find out the closest model to the measured value. The environmental loss exponent was obtained to modify Okumura-Hata which is the closest model to the measured path loss (PL) data. A new modified model for the terrain was enhanced by the developed Autoregressive Particle Swarm Optimization (APSO) Algorithm. Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) results obtained are 4.499 dB, 1.050 dB and 0.872 dB for Okumura-Hata, Modified and Enhanced model, respectively. The corresponding values for Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE) are 0.254 %, 0.058 % and 0.048 %. The result showed that Enhanced APSO is a suitable model for predicting 4G network in Abuja, Nigeri
AN EXPERIMENTAL INQUIRY INTO SURFACE ROUGHNESS OF PAINT-FINISHED MILD STEEL BY SOME TOP AUTOBODY SPRAY PAINTERS IN KADUNA METROPOLITAN AREA, NIGERIA
Get PDFBody finish appeal is one of the first noticeable things about any automobile. Most factory autobody painting is highly automated, so aesthetically appealing body finishes of high quality are efficiently achievable with high production rates. However, autobody painting for maintenance or repair in Nigeria is mostly done using manual skills and minimally automated facilities, with a high chance of ending up with low-quality or unappealing body finishes. The purpose of this paper is to present an experimental comparative study about the average surface roughness of paint-finished auto bodies by three top artisanal autobody spray painters, named MA Motors, Alsarafa Body Painters, and IBK Motors in Kaduna metropolis, Nigeria, relative to factory-painted vehicles at Peugeot Automobile Nigeria (PAN) Plc and relevant engineering standards. A cold-rolled mild steel sheet was procured for the study as the most common but corrosion-susceptible autobody material. The sheet was ascertained through nominal composition analysis and was used to produce four similar-sized sheet samples. The samples were individually taken to each of the spray painters and PAN, where they were surface-cleaned, painted, and cured according to the usual methods and standards used there in paint-finishing auto bodies. The surface roughness of the paint-finished samples was measured at 20 different points on each sample with the CRV-135 surface roughness tester and analyzed statistically in terms of the mean value (Ra), root mean square, depth to peak ranges, skewness, kurtosis, and variance. The obtained results indicated that the paint finishes from IBK Motors, Alsarafa Body Painters, MA Motors, and PAN had Ra values of 1.368µm, 1.4725µm, 1.6495µm, and 1.258µm, respectively. The analysis also indicated that all the paint-finished surfaces had minimal roughness, uncharacterized by excessive variations, peaks, and valleys, about their flat average values. The analysis finally indicated that autobody paint finishes by the spray painters are of similar and high quality by engineering standards and comparable to finishes at PAN. The paper provides useful insight into the surface roughness of paint-finished auto bodies by the spray painters as a fundamental quality control parameter that should be imbibed by all in the auto-body painting business, especially in Nigeria, to meet requirements by standards, customers, and users
FILE ENCRYPTION AND HASH SYSTEM USING JAVA PROGRAMMING LANGUAGE FOR IMAGE STEGANOGRAPHY
Get PDFDue to the rapid development and rapid popularization of the information technology, internet and digital media have become an important tool for military, commercial, individuals and many other organizations to obtain and transmit information. However, digital communication via the Internet is vulnerable to eavesdropping, malicious interference and other activities. As a result, data transmission protection and information security issues become a bottleneck than ever before. This paper presents file encryption and Hash system (Image Steganography) via Least Significant Bit (LSB) approachto increase the amount of text file the cover image can conceal. The software used consists of two sections: the Encode section (embedded text file by using an image as cover) and the Decode section (extract the embedded text from the cover image) which is implemented through NetBeans IDE using Java Programming Language.The different results obtained when the proposed device was tested revealed that it worked according to the design specifications
A FRAMEWORK FOR A CLOUD-BASED ELECTRONIC HEALTH RECORDS SYSTEM FOR NIGERIA
Get PDF In most countries of the developed world, one of the integral components of Health Information System (HIS) is Electronic Health Records (EHR). With advances in Information and Communications Technology (ICT) and the rise in the adoption of cloud computing approaches in the health sector of these countries by a substantial number of health institutions, cloud servers are now remote repository of EHRs. However, in Nigeria and many other developing countries, health information of patients is still predominantly paper-based medical records. This manual method is not scalable in terms of storage, prone to error, insecure, susceptible to damage and degradation over time, highly unavailable, time consuming in accessing and with no visible audit trail and version history to mention but a few. In this paper, a framework for a cloud-based electronic health records system that is capable of storage, retrieval and updating of patients’ medical records for Nigeria is proposed. The framework provides for various medical stakeholders in a health institution and patients to access the EHR system via a web portal by using a variety of devices in the contextual scenario whereby the health institution is migrating from paper-based patient record documentation to an EHR system
MODELING THE EFFECTS OF CLIMATE VARIABILITY ON MALARIA PREVALENCE
Get PDF Malaria is believed to be one of the deadly killers of humans worldwide and a threatto one-third of the world’s population. Based on this assertion, this study is used to determine the effect of Ibadan climatic variability on Ibadan malaria prevalence proportion since the city has a holoendemic malaria transmission. Multiple Trigonometric regression model was used to determine the effects of rainfall and temperature on Ibadan malaria prevalence since it can be used to model series that exhibit two or more types of variations simultaneously. From the results, the residuals of the fitted multiple trigonometric regression model are not serially correlated based on the value of the Durbin Watson Statistics. The coefficients of the fitted model were used to establish that for every unit increase or decrease in Ibadan city rainfall and temperature, there might be an increase or decrease in the malaria prevalence proportion over the years. The values of coefficient of determination revealed that Ibadan city monthly rainfall and temperature jointly explained the variations in Ibadan malaria prevalence proportion up to 61%. The fitted multiple trigonometric regression model as well as a good fit and high predictive power based on the value of the adjusted coefficient of determination Based on these results Multiple trigonometric regression model is suitable and adequate for modelling the effect of Ibadan monthly climatic variability on malaria prevalence proportion which can cause a high rate of morbidity and mortality if not curtailed or curbed
CHARACTERISATION OF THE ELASTIC PROPERTIES OF SOILS IN SOME PARTS OF LAGOS WETLANDS FOR ENGINEERING PURPOSES
Get PDFThe results obtained from the evaluation of elastic properties of some part of Lagos Wetlands were presented for the determination of the competent soil for engineering structures. The study area falls within the reclaimed part of the Lagos wetlands signifying the presence of unstable geological materials. The study area is characterized with alluvium sediments which comprises of materials of low shear strength. Five (5) seismic profile lines were established via the ground rolling technique of Multi-Channel Analysis of Surface Waves (MASW). The data acquisition was carried out with twenty-four (24) channels 4.5Hz vertical geophones connected to the ABEM Mark 6 Terraloc Seismograph. The acquired MASW data were processed using SeisImager to obtain the two-dimensional (2-D) shear wave velocity (Vs) profiles which gives the contrast in the distribution of the velocity along each profile. In addition, dynamic parameters such as rigidity modulus, poisson ratio were estimated for further classification of the geo-earth materials in the study area. In the study area, the shear wave velocity (Vs) values obtained ranged between 94 – 1320 m/s representing different sediments such as saturated loose sand (163 – 204 m/s), loose silty sand (165- 225 m/s), medium – dense sand (220 – 350 m/s), medium dense sand (400 – 700 m/s) and dense-coarse sand (900 - 1380 m/s). However, based on these classification, it is found that saturated loose sand and loose silty sand are not competent for founding layer of engineering structures. Therefore, deep foundation inform of piling system is recommended for engineering structure that will devoid unexpected collapse and partial and differential settlement. The study has revealed that the area is generally comprise of problematic soil(s) that are inimical to construction of engineering structures