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Effects of germplasm content on PGC migration
No full textIn nearly all organisms, primordial germ cells (PGCs) must make a successful migration from their point of specification to their niche to form the gonads. They may not always make a successful migration, and failure may lead to defects in the organism. For example, in humans, this may lead to gonadal dysgenisis and teratomas. Germplasm is a substance utilized at the point of specification of PGCs to repress cells from becoming somatic, and we know that a higher germplasm content has been shown to improve chances of PGC migration success. We do not understand how germplasm does this, and this project aims to dissect how exactly it controls factors of PGC migration success
Clinical Data and Information Sciences Intern at Pfizer
No full textThroughout my time at Pfizer, I created a model to assess the economic and environmental benefits of expanding Clinical Trial Care Anywhere Capabilities. I also toured labs and met professionals across departments, gaining insight into the full drug development process, from discovery to manufacturing. This interdisciplinary experience showed me how innovation relies on collaboration across diverse roles
Attending USITT: a Reflection
No full textA brief summery of the experience of a freshmen attending the USITT conference. This will highlight the impact of workshops, networking, and open discussions attended in 2025
Teaching at Camp Birch Hill
No full textHow teaching children six to sixteen intersects with career goals in English and Creative Writing. Camp Birch Hill combines athletics, interpersonal, and creative teaching topics, and is a great place to start for beginner teachers. This paper discusses the type of community I encountered at camp as well as the skills I learned by being a counselor of sixteen fifteen year olds for six weeks
Examining Sustainable and Regenerative Viticultural Practices in the Rheinhessen Wine Region of Germany
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Sex Differences in the Effects of Caffeine and Methylphenidate on a Rat Model of ADHD
No full textAttention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a common neurodevelopmental disorder that affects more than 6.5 million children and 15.5 million adults in the US (Danielson, et al., 2024; Staley, et al., 2023). One medication for ADHD is methylphenidate (MPH), a psychostimulant that increases dopamine (DA). Caffeine (CAF) is a more accessible psychostimulant that has unclear effects on ADHD (Perrotte, et al., 2023). To study the effects of CAF and MPH on ADHD, this study utilized a rat model of ADHD called the Spontaneously Hypertensive Rat (SHR). Rats underwent Barnes Maze testing for Working Memory (WM), Long-Term Memory (LTM), and hyperactivity. It was hypothesized that animals exposed to MPH would perform better on all measures of memory and demonstrate reduced hyperactivity than the CAF group, which in turn would perform better than the saline-exposed group (SAL). For WM, during reversal learning, female (F) rats performed consistently better on WM, and the male (M) CAF and M MPH groups performed better than the M SAL group. For LTM, animals treated with CAF performed the worst during learning, but a pattern following the hypothesis (MPH better than CAF, which was better than SAL) was shown in reversal learning. In the probes, the only differences were by sex, where the males performed better than the females, and the M SAL group performed better than both the M CAF and M MPH groups in reversal learning. For hyperactivity, F SAL and F CAF groups were more hyperactive than M SAL and M CAF, but M MPH was more hyperactive than the F MPH group. Overall, this indicates that sex differences are critical when using SHRs as models of ADHD. In addition, MPH increased hyperactivity instead of reducing it like in humans. Future studies should use caution when applying research using SHRs to both females and males if they do not examine sex differences