International Journal of Agricultural and Life sciences (Skyfox Publishing Group)
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In Effect of Poorna Chandrodayam Chendooram (metallic drug) on liver function, kidney function and lipid profile parameters of rats
Full text linkPoorna chandrodayam chendooram (PCM), a Siddha preparation which is used for its effect on liver function, kidney function and lipid profile after administrations into the biological system. The experimental animal model was of Male rats. Triglycerides (TG) Total cholesterol (TC), and low density lipoprotein (LDL) were decreased in experimental groups whereas high density lipoprotein (HDL) were slightly increased in male rats. The total protein and albumin content of plasma were increased very high significantly. In case of bilirubin, the decrease was negligible for rats. The serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase (sGPT), serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (sGOT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) content in the plasma were decreased very high significantly in the experimental groups. Creatinine, and urea were decreased in male where only change of uric acid level was significant increased
Socio-Economic and Agrarian history of the Jatun Sumaco communities in the Ecuadorian Amazon
Full text linkThe purpose of this research was to analyze the socioeconomic and agrarian activity of the communities that make up the Jatun Sumaco parish, in the Napo province of the Ecuadorian Amazon, with the aim of contextualizing changes and transformations taking place in the rural sector to strengthen agriculture and livestock production models. On the basis of primary sources, documentary analysis methods related to agriculture, livestock and economic development programs in Ecuador were employed, as well as interviews with local people. The analysis of the theoretical referents showed that the Ecuadorian Amazon has undergone a complex process of agriculture-related changes as a result of the uncontrolled use of natural resources. The socioeconomic and agrarian history of the communities reflected its cultural character with a predominance of Kichwa indigenous ethnic groups; loss of identity values was observed in the young social fabric, as well as low income and full dependence on productive farm activities, Solanun quiotence being the most represented crop. The role and the importance of local governments, provincial councils, municipalities, parish councils and non-governmental organizations are recognized in rural communities and evidenced through the cacao, naranjilla and forest dialogue platforms
The importance of geographical indication in gastronomy tourism: Turkey
Full text linkGeographical indication can shortly be described as the protection of a local product or value with certain regulations. Geographical indications are divided into two categories called ‘’ origin name’’ and ‘’ geographical indication’’. Origin name, expresses a region, area or country which points out an local product or food that are made in an accurately determined geography in terms of production, operation and preparation including the natural and human factors caused by a region, location or in some exceptional cases by a country of which quality and characteristic features are totally or mainly the geographical borders are determined. Geographical indication is the sign that determines the product manufactured within the borders of a region, area or location determined with production, operation or at least one of the other operations beside being a product integrated to a region, area or location with its certain quality, fame or other features caused by a region, area or location of which borders are determined. In order to introduce the local products in Turkey both national and international (local products, local flavors, local production conditions, preserving the local production methods etc.), the importance of the patent product (the product belonging to a certain area certificated by official institutions) is high. Thus, it is thought that using the geographical indicated products for introducing and also preparation of the products derived from local products in Turkey could be beneficial. In this study, it is mentioned about the importance of the geographical indication for the local products to become widely known
Assessment of large mammals potential in Tululujia Wildlife Reserve, Southwestern Ethiopia
Full text linkEthiopia is among the world best biodiversity area in terms of richness and endemism of mammalian species. Although, the mammalian fauna is deteriorating rapidly, no comprehensive assessment and documentation including endemic fauna exists until now. This study was carried out to assess the population size, distribution, density of large mammals and threat, between June 2014 and February 2015 in Tululujia Wildlife Reserve. The study was conducted by stratification of the study area into natural forest and wooded grassland. The transect line sampling method that was laid in random fashion in each habitat types was used. Direct count method along sample transect lines was conducted to assess population size and distribution of mammals. And direct site observation and key informant interview. The totals of 19 species of large mammals were recorded in the study area. Mammalian composition and abundance varied in different habitats and seasons. Mammalian distribution was significantly higher in forest than wooded grassland. It was also higher during dry season than wet season. The Wild pig, Warthog and Colubus monkey, Vervet monkey, Chino monkey were commonly observed mammals, while African elephant and Leopard were the least frequently observed species. Poaching, encroachment by agricultural, and settlements and deforestation observed in the areas, causing enormous pressure on the flora and fauna. The area needs immediate measures like better protection for the conservation of mammalian diversity of this area on long run
Evaluation of Different sample Extraction Techniques of Pesticides Residue analysis in Food by GC-MS/MS and LC-MS/MS Techniques
No full textFood samples present an enormous challenge to analytical chemists in their efforts to determine residues of pesticides at trace levels to satisfy food safety regulations in EU, USA and Japan. The wide array of food matrices from liquids to solids require different sample preparation techniques for accurate and reproducible results with chromatographic techniques such as Gas chromatography -tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS) and Liquid Chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). In addition, there exists a wide range of pesticides which are used legally for crop protection and their residue content in food must be accurately monitored for safe consumption. The GC-MS/MS and LC-MS/MS techniques with different types of detector systems can provide such analysis at trace levels to fulfill the maximum residue levels (MRL) as per the food safety regulations in these countries. However, the accurate and reproducible results often depend upon the sample preparation techniques associated with the different food matrices
Cataloging factor of Water Accessibility, Management Practices and Grain Harvest for Deepwater Rice in South-east Asia
No full textThis study aimed to characterize rice area from the shallower (lower topo sequence of rain fed lowlands side to the deeper floating rice side in Northwest Cambodia during wet season rice (WSR) production in 2009 and 2010 for the yearly and spatial differences in field water conditions, management practices and grain yield. This area considered as deepwater rice (DWR) area was divided into three groups with (1) upper fields located near the National Road Number 5 (referred as ULR); (2) middle fields (referred as MLR and MFR where lowland rice (LR) and floating rice (FR) were planted, respectively); and (3) lower fields located near to the Lake (referred as LFR). Water came to the paddy fields from both the inundation from Tonle Sap Lake and rainfall in WSR 2009, but only from rainfall in WSR 2010. Water depths increased from upper to lower fields in 2009, while they were shallower and relatively similar between the field locations in 2010. Broadcasting time started earlier and harvesting time finished later in FR fields than in LR fields. The overall average grain yield for both years of 2009 and 2010 was low. The lowest yields were observed in MLR and MFR in 2009 as well as they were in MFR and LFR in 2010. Lower yield in WSR 2009 was mainly due to the water shortage at heading stage for both FR and LR, improper application of N fertilizer and insufficient weed management for LR, and late sowing for FR. Lower yield in WSR 2010 was mainly due to low water level for FR, low N fertilizer rate and insufficient weed management. This study identified important spatial and yearly variation in rice management and grain yield for farmers to cope with unpredictable flooding environments in DWR area
Effect of agricultural waste on growth of Abelmoschus esculentus l.
Full text linkVermicompost plays a major role in successful growth and yield of different field crops, vegetables, flowers and fruit crops. The utilization of organic residuals reduces production costs and removes the need for landfill disposal and incineration. Vermicomposting is a suitable alternative for the safe, hygienic and cost effective disposal of urban waste. The present study has been carried out to find the potency of vermicompost using Musa paradisiaca (banana stem) waste and Eudrilus eugeniae earthworm as it effectively decomposes the waste. To analyse the efficiency of vermicompost the physicochemical parameters like pH, EC and the level of macro and micronutrient content namely nitrogen, phosphorous, potassium and C/N ratio of vermicompost has been studied. The efficacy of vermicompost has also been checked and studied on the vegetable plant Abelmoschus esculentus L. (ladies finger). The growth parameters namely root length, shoot length, leaf area, number of leaves and Chlorophyll Content has been studied. Hence based on the studies performed it was concluded that vermicompost found from the degradation of Musa paradisiaca (banana stem) waste by Eudrilus eugeniae is an effective biofertilizer which would enable the uptake of the nutrients by the plants resulting in higher growth and yield
Study on Phenolic content, Antioxidant Activity and CHNS elemental analysis of Amorphophallus sylvaticus
Full text linkAmorphophallus sylvaticus (Roxb) (Araceae) seed acquired with different solvent extraction. The investigation aimed to carry out the Phenolic content, Antioxidant Activity and CHNS elemental analysis of different solvent extracts of the seed Amorphophallus sylvaticus (Roxb) (Araceae). The preliminary analysis revealed the elemental ratio of each of the light elements preserves individual information on the origin and history of organic natural compounds. Therefore, a multi-element ratio analysis is the most efficient means for the origin and authenticity assignment of food. Due to the extraordinary relative abundances of the elements hydrogen, carbon, nitrogen and sulfur in some biological material and to the need for individual sample preparations for H and S, their elemental ratio determination currently requires at least three independent procedures and approximately 1 h of work and CHNS elemental analyser it takes of all four elements in one sample within 20 min. The elemental composition was determined by CHNS analyzer and the elemental composition in the sample was the following: carbon (35.62%), hydrogen (7.45%), nitrogen (0.85%) and the sulphur is (0.51%). The analyser is able to combust samples with up to 100mg of organic material, sufficient to analyse samples with even unusual elemental ratios, in one run. The sensitivity of the device for the elemental ratio measurement of C and N corresponds to that of other systems. It is less by a factor of four for Hand by a factor of two for S, and the error ranges are identical to those of other systems
High Performance Liquid Chromatography pigments formation of microalgae growth during the development of Pseudo-nitzschia spp. of Cyanobacteria
No full textPseudo-nitzschia blooms from the Ri'a de Pontevedra (NW Spain) were studied by light microscopy and HPLC pigment analysis. Two main Pseudo-nitzschia blooms were registered: the first one in summer had up to 800.000 cells L’ and the second in winter had up to 68.000 cells L'1. During the first bloom amnesic shellfish poisoning (ASP) was not detected and the dominant species was P. fraudulenta. During the second bloom ASP toxicity was detected, and the dominant species was P. australis. Pigment analyses from both blooms showed Chi c2 and Chi c3 as major components of the Chi c family, with Chi c a minor component. Although Chi c3 is usually associated with members of Prymnesiophyceae, Pelagophyceae and Dinophyceae, it has also been detected in Pseudo- nitzschia species as P. fraudulenta, P. delicatissima, P. pungens and P. pseudodelicatissima. However, chi c3 is not present in P. multiseries and P. australis, both able to synthesise domoic acid, the causative agent of ASP. The parallel increase of Chi c3 levels and Pseudo- nitzschia cell numbers (throughout the development of a quasi mono-specific blooms of Pseudo-nitzschia spp) can be used as preliminary information while domoic acid analysis and species identification by EM are performed
Exogenous chemical mediated induction of salt tolerance in Soybean plants
No full textTo evaluate the potential of seed priming tools in soybean salt stress tolerance with improved plant growth and biomass content. Soybean seeds were primed with 5 different priming agents (proline, sodium nitroprusside (SNP), glycienbetaine, hydrogen peroxide & mannitol) then germination under laboratory conditions using 100mM NaCl stress condition was evaluated. Results indicated that SNP (nitric oxide donor) was found most effective agent for growth promotion, while unprimed treatment decreased germination, growth and biomass related parameters. SNP-primed seeds had a higher germination percentage (82%) and seedlings were exhibited increased proline content (105%) as compared to unprimed treatment. The protective mechanism of SNP against oxidative stress was correlated with lower lipid peroxidation (MDA content). Notably, the ability to maintain biomass level (41% reduction) as well as chlorophyll content indicated a role of SNP in alleviation of salt stress and induce tolerance. Altogether, our results highlight that exogenously SNP could be employed to attain better growth and development of soybean and perhaps other legumes under salt stress