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The Women of Viennese Musical Modernism
Get PDFThe celebrated composers of music’s Second Viennese School (circa 1905-1935) undoubtedly had connections to female associates, including musical colleagues and students, but the mainstream historical narrative is oddly silent on these women’s activities. We tasked ourselves with unearthing the reasons for this silence. We explored the scholarship on well-known Viennese modernists such as Arnold Schoenberg, Alban Berg, and Anton Webern, and cross-referenced those sources with numerous databases, books, and encyclopedias on women composers. As a result, we were able to identify a multitude of female musicians closely associated with the Viennese modernist sphere but excluded from prevailing histories. These composers include Elizabeth Gyring, Charlotte Schlesinger, and Grete von Zieritz, who had a vast modernist output ranging from operas to string quartets. Of the seventy-plus additional women composers we identified with connections to the Second Viennese School, many chose a more conservative or non-modernist musical idiom.
After surveying the literature on women composers with substantial links to Viennese musical modernism, we conducted preliminary case studies on Gyring, Zieritz, and a number of other contemporaries. We concluded that the lack of representation of female composers in musical modernism of this era can be attributed to limitations on women’s education, social pressures and oppression stemming from stigmatizing gender norms, and the later blockage of modernist composition, publication, and study by the Nazi party. To illustrate the musical world of these women, we also developed a voice recital program showcasing music by many of the composers we uncovered in our research, including Alma Mahler-Werfel, Johanna Müller-Hermann, Vally Weigl, and Gyring. By shedding light on their historically shadowed musical contributions, we hope to retroactively correct the wrongs visited upon these composers and bring them back to the public consciousness, thereby giving them their deserved place in the musical canon
Music therapy and the brain
Get PDFThe evolution of speech has coincided with the development of music over the course of human history. In spite of this research into the therapeutic potential of music has until recently been scarce. Only recently have researchers began to see the potentials for music as an adjunctive therapy and early findings have indicated this therapy may be effective for treating mood disorders, depression and anxiety. It remains unclear how the brain circuits involved in music listening and music production overlap or interact with brain circuits involved in mood and emotion. Going forward there have been more explorations into the potential power music may yield as a method of treatment. Given the overwhelming state of affairs that surround our daily lives now in the age of COVID a better understanding of how music benefits our wellbeing could be valuable. This review explores studies on the effect of music production and listening on cognitive and behavioral responses and human brain activity, summarizes past music therapy models that have been used in clinical settings, and presents data driven findings that explore the relationship between stress, anxiety and music listening
North Carolina Concentrated Animal Feeding Operations (CAFOs): The Implications of Swine Waste for Freshwater Ecosystems
Get PDFNorth Carolina is the second largest producer of swine in the United States where concentrated animal feeding operations provide economic benefits with significant environmental risks. Unfortunately, North Carolina ranks among the highest in the nation in vulnerability to manure nutrient contamination based on soil runoff potential, soil percolation, erosion, and land application of treated waste. Thus, the state is especially vulnerable to the ecological impacts associated with industrialized agriculture. Environmental risks associated with swine factory farms includes accidental breeches of hog waste lagoons and chronic effects associated with unregulated pollution through the atmosphere and groundwater. Many farms are located in regions susceptible to flooding, which increases risk of both negative ecological impacts and economic losses due to flooding caused by frequent hurricanes which impact the state. Chronic and acute contamination events associated with swine production impacts all uses of receiving rivers and coastal zones. Eutrophication of waterways contributes to low dissolved oxygen levels, algal blooms, growth of toxic dinoflagellates, and large fish kill events. This case study examines the environmental risks associated with animal feeding operations, examines current governance methods, and suggests possible solutions to prevent the deleterious effects of swine waste management on the integrity of freshwater habitats
The Impact of Mexican Immigration on United States' Native Workers
No full textPrevious studies by Borjas (2007), Ottaviano and Peri (2008), and Card (2001) focus on the impact Mexican immigration has on the U.S. labor market. Specifically, whether immigration has a direct effect on natives’ wages and unemployment. We study low-skilled males in the labor force between the ages of 16-64, while also controlling for gender, familial status, and race. Control variables are measured at the city-level, in hopes of providing us with more accurate estimates that may be overlooked at the national level (Levine 2010). Using data from IPUMS USA at the metropolitan level, we find that on average, Mexican immigration has no significant impact on the U.S. unemployment rate. In regard to native wages, however, we find a small statistically significant negative impact. Our results are used to analyze the substitutability and complementary relationships between immigrants and native workers. The downward pressure on wages may result in the potential substitutability between low-skilled male natives and low-skilled male Mexican immigrants. An influx of immigrants may result in an increase in labor supply, which will decrease the overall wages in the labor market for specific low-skilled occupations
The Effects of Outdoor Air Pollution on Asthma Hospitalizations
Get PDFIt is widely accepted that there is a definite link between air pollution and asthma, a disease that the CDC estimates costs the U.S. Economy over $80 billion per year (ATS, 2018). Concerns about these economic and human costs have resulted in environmental policies such as the Clean Air Act. However, some localities still suffer from elevated air pollution. To investigate the impact of such pollution on asthma, we study county-level data on air quality and asthma hospitalizations for the state of California from 2015 to 2018. After controlling for a variety of county-level characteristics, we find that higher concentrations of carbon monoxide (CO) increase the number of hospitalizations due to asthma at the county level. This suggests that policies to reduce fossil fuel emission sources such as electric vehicle subsidies and tax credits, as well as policies to ensure equitable access to asthma mitigation medication such as universal healthcare still have the potential to decrease asthma hospitalizations
The Effect of SAT Scores on Undergraduate Graduation Rate
No full textThis paper studies the effect of SAT scores on college graduation. Due to college admissions placing heavy emphasis on these scores, high schools and families may channel resources towards SAT preparation, rather than other learning objectives. Researchers have also found that SAT scores may not be as important in predicting college success as previously believed. Further, emphasis on SAT tests may negatively affect women, people of color, and low income students in their pursuit of higher education. To test the effect of SAT scores on college success, we use data on SAT scores and college graduation for 2,535 US college students. We find that, while SAT scores are statistically significant predictors of college graduation, highschool grades may be more predictive.
We study the effect of SAT scores on college graduation. We use data on SAT scores and college graduation from 2,535 US college students.Dr. Katherine Theyso
"A Dream of Common Prayer"?: A Case Series of Eucharistic Prayers in Their Context
No full textThe idea of common prayer has been a guiding framework since the first Book of Common Prayer in 1549. The emphasis on common, or standard, prayer has been affirmed to the present day, though the meaning of common has varied with the ages. The 1979 Book of Common Prayer (BCP) outlines that the Holy Eucharist is the principal act of Christian worship in the Episcopal Church. Thus, Eucharistic liturgy and practice are central to the expression of how common prayer throughout the Episcopal Church. While the 1979 Book of Common Prayer is the only authorized liturgical standard across the Episcopal Church, not all Episcopalians pray only out of the BCP. This project offers an exploration of the idea of common Eucharistic Prayer in practice by describing and comparing three parishes and their Eucharistic liturgies that are not found within the 1979 BCP. Interviews with clergy and bishops put the Eucharistic texts and practices into context, highlighting the importance of sociological insights and performance to understand written liturgy. This case series offers reflection on the role of ecclesial authority in relation to creativity, liturgical practice, lived theology, and dynamic interplay of the center and the edges in the Episcopal Church.James Turrell
Lizette Larson-Mille
"THE FORMATIONAL AND PASTORAL ASPECTS OF LITURGICAL CHANGE"
No full textThis project undertakes the premise that any liturgical change should be preceded by and accompanied with well-considered and thoughtful formation as well as a pastoral sensibility to those experiencing the change. A study of ritual theory is first engaged to examine how rituals, in the form of liturgies, are internalized by human beings and that when those rituals are changed, careful attention should be given to the fact that there is an internal, emotional process that is occuring. Second, the implementation of trial rites in The Episcopal Church in the 1960s-1970s is examined with particular attention to formation and pastoral approach. Third, a review of Christian Formation approaches in this part of the 21 st century is examined to begin to see options of constructive formation for such a change. Fourth, hypothetical processes for implementing liturgical change, one on a church-wide scale, and the other on a more local level are offered in light of this work.James F. Turrel